Ke noʻonoʻo ʻoe i ka maʻi diabetes, manaʻo paha ʻoe i ka maʻi diabetes type 2 maʻamau e ulu ana i kou wā ʻelemakule. Akā ua ʻike anei ʻoe aia kekahi ʻano maʻi diabetes e hiki ke ulu i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio? ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he Type 1 Diabetes. He ʻokoʻa iki ia, akā inā mālama pono ʻia, ʻaʻole ia e kāohi iā ʻoe mai ke ola ʻana i kahi ola olakino piha. E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ia mea ma ke ʻano maʻalahi hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.
He aha ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 1?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka maʻi diabetes type 1 kahi maʻi autoimmune kahi e hoʻouka ai ka ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī o ko mākou kino a luku i nā cell e hana ana i ka insulin (nā cell beta) i loko o kā mākou pancreas ponoʻī.
E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, ua like ka insulin me ke kī e kōkua ana i ke kō, a i ʻole ka glucose, i loko o ko kākou koko, e komo i loko o ko kākou mau cell e hana i ka ikehu. I kēia manawa, ke pau kēia mau cell e hana ana i ka insulin, ʻaʻole hana ke kino i ka insulin e pono ai. A laila, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kō i loko o ke koko ke komo i loko o nā cell a hōʻiliʻili i loko o ke koko. ʻO ia ka mea e hana ʻia i kēia maʻi.
Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he "juvenile diabetes" no ka mea ua ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio. Akā ua ʻike mākou i kēia manawa hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i nā pākeke o kēlā me kēia makahiki.
He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke ʻAno 1 a me ke ʻAno 2?
He wahi kēia e pilikia ai nā kānaka he nui.
- I ke ʻAno 1: Hoʻōki loa ke kino i ka hana ʻana i ka insulin , no laila pono e lawe i ka insulin mai waho e ola ai.
- I ke ʻAno 2: ʻOiai ke hana nei ke kino i ka insulin, ʻaʻole lawa ka nui, a ʻaʻole pane pono nā cell o ke kino i kēlā insulin (ke kūʻē ʻana i ka insulin).
He aha nā hōʻailona? Pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ʻike koke?
Hiki ke ʻike koke ʻia nā hōʻailona o kēia maʻi, i kekahi manawa i loko o kekahi mau pule. He mea nui e makaʻala i kēia mau hōʻailona.
| Hōʻailona | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| Ka makewai nui a me ka waha maloʻo | ʻAʻole pio ka make wai ma hope o ka inu ʻana i ka wai. |
| Mimi pinepine | Pono e mimi pinepine, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka pō. |
| ʻO ka pohō kaumaha me ke kumu ʻole | ʻOiai inā ʻoe e ʻai maikaʻi a pōloli, e lilo ana kou kaumaha. |
| Pōloli nui | Pololi koke ka manaʻo ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana. |
| Luhi nui a me ka nāwaliwali | Ke nāwaliwali mau nei. |
| Nā loli o ka ʻike | Nā mea e like me ka ʻike maka pōwehiwehi. |
| Nā maʻi pinepine | Nā maʻi ʻili e hana hou ʻia ana, ka ʻōpū mimi, a i ʻole ka vaginal. |
ʻO ka maʻi diabetes type 1 lohi i ka wā makua (LADA)
I kekahi manawa ua ʻike ʻia kēia maʻi i ka wā makua (ma waena o 30-50 mau makahiki). Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo 'Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults' (LADA). No ka mea, lohi loa ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā hōʻailona, hiki ke kuhihewa ʻia i kekahi manawa no ka maʻi diabetes type 2.
Pehea e hānai ʻia ai nā keiki liʻiliʻi?
Ma waho aʻe o nā hōʻailona i ʻike ʻia i nā pākeke, hiki i nā keiki ʻōpio a me nā pēpē ke hōʻike i nā hōʻailona like ʻole ke loaʻa iā lākou kēia maʻi. He mea nui i nā mākua ke makaʻala i kēia.
- Pono e hoʻololi pinepine i nā diaper o ke keiki ma mua o ka maʻamau.
- Loaʻa i kahi ʻulaʻula diaper i ho'ōla ʻole ʻia me ka mālama ʻia.
- Hoʻomaka ke keiki i aʻo ʻia i ka lua e hoʻopulu i ka moena.
- Hoʻonui ʻia ka hanu ʻana.
- ʻEha ka ʻōpū a me ka luaʻi.
- Nā loli i ke ʻano o ke keiki (huhū pinepine, hoʻonāukiuki).
- He ʻala ʻono a huaʻai mai ka hanu mai (he hōʻailona weliweli kēia).
Inā loaʻa i kāu keiki kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, e ʻike koke i ke kauka. I kekahi manawa ua like paha kēia mau hōʻailona me ka maʻi palū maʻamau, akā he maʻi diabetes type 1 paha ia.
He aha nā kumu no kēia? He hoʻoilina anei?
ʻAʻole maopopo ke kumu kikoʻī e hoʻouka ai ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino i kāna mau hunaola ponoʻī, akā ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke kumu nui o ka predisposition genetic a me nā kumu kaiapuni .
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, inā loaʻa kekahi o kou ʻohana (makuahine, makuakāne, kaikaina) i ka maʻi diabetes type 1, ʻoi aku ka nui o kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ia mea, akā ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e loaʻa maoli nō iā ʻoe.
E noʻonoʻo, inā paha he mau genes kou e hoʻolilo ai iā ʻoe i mea maʻalahi i ka maʻi, pono paha i kahi mea pili i ke kaiapuni, e like me ka maʻi viral, no kēlā mau genes e "hoʻāla".
Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka maʻi? He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia ai?
Inā kānalua kāu kauka he maʻi diabetes type 1 kou, ʻo ka mea mua a lākou e hana ai, ʻo ia ke hoʻāʻo i kou pae kō koko.
| Hoʻāʻo | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| Hoʻāʻo A1c | Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kahi manaʻo o kou pae kō koko awelika i nā mahina 2-3 i hala. |
| Hoʻāʻo kō koko hoʻokē ʻai | Nānā lākou i ko lākou pae kō koko ma hope o ko lākou ʻai ʻole ʻana i kekahi mea no kahi o 8 mau hola. |
| Hoʻāʻo kō koko maʻamau | E nānā i kou pae kō koko i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka lā. |
Hiki i kēia mau hoʻokolohua ke haʻi inā he maʻi diabetes kou. Akā no ka ʻike pono inā he ʻano 1 a ʻano 2 paha, e hana kāu kauka i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hou aʻe.
- Hoʻāʻo autoantibody: ʻO kēia ka hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi loa. I ka maʻi diabetes type 1, aia nā protein kūikawā (autoantibodies) i loko o ke koko e hoʻouka i nā cell e hana ana i ka insulin. Ke nānā nei kēia hoʻāʻo i kēia mau mea.
- Hoʻāʻo Ketones: Ke nalowale ka insulin, hoʻomaka ke kino e puhi i ka momona no ka ikehu. ʻO nā waikawa hopena i kapa ʻia he ketones. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau mea i loko o ka mimi.
Ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻokele ola
ʻAʻole i pau kou ola no ka mea ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe he maʻi diabetes type 1. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ola i kahi ola lōʻihi loa, olakino, a hauʻoli hoʻi. ʻO ke kī, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i kou pae kō koko ma lalo o ke kaohi.
He mea pono ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka insulin.
I ka maʻi diabetes type 1, ʻaʻole hana kou kino i ka insulin, no laila pono ʻoe e lawe i ka insulin mai waho i kēlā me kēia lā . ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i ka insulin ma ke ʻano pila, no ka mea, e haki ana ia i loko o kou ʻōpū. No laila, pono ʻoe e lawe iā ia ma nā inikini a i ʻole me ka pamu insulin.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano insulin. ʻOkoʻa lākou i ka manawa e hana ai a me ka lōʻihi o kona mau. Na kāu kauka e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano a me ka nui o ka insulin i kūpono iā ʻoe ma muli o nā kumu he nui, me kou makahiki, kou nohona, a me nā ʻano ʻai.
Ke nānā mau nei i nā pae kō koko
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i kou pae kō koko i loko o kahi pae i manaʻo ʻia i ka lā holoʻokoʻa. ʻElua ala e hana ai i kēia:
1. Glucometer: ʻO ke ʻano kuʻuna o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i kahi kulu koko liʻiliʻi mai ka piko o ka manamana lima.
2. Ka Nānā Kūmole Kūlohelohe Mau (CGM): Nānā ponoʻī kahi mea ʻike liʻiliʻi i waiho ʻia ma lalo o ka ʻili i kou pae kō koko i kēlā me kēia mau minuke a hoʻouna i ka ʻikepili i kāu kelepona a i ʻole kekahi mea hana ʻē aʻe. Hoʻomaopopo ia iā ʻoe inā kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa paha kou pae kō koko.
ʻAi a me ke ʻano o ka nohona
ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes type 1, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai. Akā, pono ʻoe e makaʻala i ka nui o ka meaʻai āu e ʻai ai, ʻoiai hoʻi nā kalapona (starch). Pono ʻoe e hoʻoponopono i kāu nui o ka insulin e kūlike me ka nui o ka meaʻai āu e ʻai ai.
- E ʻai i ka meaʻai kaulike . E hoʻokomo i nā mea kanu hou aʻe, nā huaʻai, a me nā palaoa piha.
- E hōʻemi i nā mea inu kō, nā meaʻai ʻono, a me nā kalapona i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia (berena, pasta).
- E hoʻoikaika kino i nā manawa a pau. Hoʻonui ka hoʻoikaika kino i ka ʻike o ke kino i ka insulin.
- E hoʻokele i ke kaumaha a loaʻa ka hiamoe lawa . Hoʻopilikia pū kēia i nā pae kō koko.
He aha nā pilikia e hiki ke kū mai ma muli o ka maʻi diabetes?
Inā ʻaʻole i kāohi maikaʻi ʻia nā pae kō koko no ka manawa lōʻihi, hiki ke hōʻino ʻia nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kino. Akā, mai hopohopo. Inā mālama ʻoe i ka mana maikaʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke pale aku i nā pilikia he nui.
ʻO ka pilikia koʻikoʻi a wikiwiki hoʻi, ʻo ia ka diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) . Hana ʻia kēia ke nele ke kino i ka insulin, e hōʻiliʻili ai nā ketones a me ke kō i loko o ke koko, e lilo ai ke koko i waikawa. He pilikia hoʻoweliweli kēia i ke ola.
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me ka luaʻi ʻana, ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka hanu wikiwiki ʻana, ka hiamoe nui, a me kahi ʻala hua i kou hanu , hiki iā ia ke DKA. E hele koke i ka ʻOihana Pilikia o ka haukapila (ETU).
Hiki i nā pilikia lōʻihi ke komo pū me ka maʻi puʻuwai, ka maʻi puʻupaʻa (nephropathy), ka hōʻino ʻana o ka maka (retinopathy), a me ka hōʻino ʻana o nā aʻalolo. ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i kēia mau mea, ʻo ia ke hahai i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka a mālama i kou kō koko, ke koko, a me nā pae cholesterol ma lalo o ka kaohi.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻAʻole na ʻoe ka hewa o ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 1. He maʻi autoimmune ia.
- ʻOiai he maʻi kēia no ke ola holoʻokoʻa, me ka mālama ʻana i ka insulin a me nā hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka nohona, hiki iā ʻoe ke ola i kahi ola olakino a hana piha.
- ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke nānā pinepine ʻana i kou pae kō koko a mālama iā lākou i loko o ka pae i manaʻo ʻia e kāu kauka.
- Inā he mau nīnau kāu e pili ana i kēia, mai makaʻu e kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka. Ua mākaukau mau lākou e kōkua iā ʻoe.
- ʻAʻole ʻoe hoʻokahi. Nui ka poʻe e noho nei me kēia maʻi. No laila e noho ikaika.
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