Koj tus kws kho mob puas tau sau tshuaj 'Antimetabolite' rau koj lossis ib tus neeg ze koj los kho mob qog noj ntshav? Yog tias yog, koj yuav xav paub txhua yam txog hom tshuaj no, nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas. Antimetabolites yog ib pawg tshuaj siv hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav los tua mob qog noj ntshav. Qhov tseeb, lawv yog ib hom tshuaj qub heev uas siv dav hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, tau siv txij li xyoo 1940.
Cov tshuaj antimetabolites no yog dab tsi? Lawv ua haujlwm li cas?
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov tshuaj antimetabolites yog ib hom tshuaj uas rhuav tshem cov cell (cytotoxic) . Lawv cov haujlwm yog qhov tsis pom tseeb heev.
Xav txog, ib lub cell hauv peb lub cev, tshwj xeeb yog lub cell mob qog noj ntshav, xav tau qee yam ntawm nws tus kheej 'cov khoom xyaw' kom loj hlob, faib, thiab nthuav dav. Qhov tshuaj no ua yog ua raws li 'cov khoom xyaw cuav' uas zoo ib yam li cov khoom xyaw ntawd. Yog li cov cell mob qog noj ntshav raug dag thiab es tsis txhob siv cov khoom xyaw tiag tiag uas lawv xav tau kom loj hlob, lawv noj cov khoom xyaw cuav no, peb cov tshuaj.
Cov ntaub ntawv txog caj ces ntawm ib lub cell, uas yog, daim ntawv qhia tag nrho ntawm lub cell ntawd, muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom hu ua DNA thiab RNA . Thaum cov tshuaj antimetabolite no nkag mus rau hauv lub cell mob qog noj ntshav, lub cell ntawd yuav tsis tuaj yeem luam nws cov DNA. Nws zoo li muab lub cartridge tsis raug tso rau hauv lub tshuab luam ntawv thiab nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem luam tau.
Thaum DNA tsis tuaj yeem theej tau, lub cell ntawd yuav tsis tuaj yeem faib ua cov cell tshiab. Cov cell mob qog noj ntshav tsis txhob loj hlob thiab tuag.
Vim tias hom tshuaj no tsom mus rau cov hlwb uas faib sai sai , lawv zoo heev rau kev tswj cov qog nqaij hlav uas loj hlob sai.
Hauv qab no yog qee cov tshuaj antimetabolites uas feem ntau siv rau hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav.
| Qee cov tshuaj antimetabolites uas siv ntau |
|---|
| 6-mercaptopurine |
| Fludarabine |
| 5-fluorouracil |
| Gemcitabine |
| Cytarabine |
| Pemetrexed |
| Methotrexate |
Cov tshuaj no siv rau hom mob qog noj ntshav twg?
Cov tshuaj Antimetabolites feem ntau siv los kho cov mob qog ntshav xws li leukemia , mob qog mis , mob qog zes qe menyuam , thiab mob qog plab hnyuv .
Tab sis vim tias cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm txhua hom cell uas faib sai, cov kws kho mob kuj pom zoo kom siv rau ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav.
Kuv yuav tau cov tshuaj no li cas?
Txoj kev uas cov tshuaj antimetabolite raug muab rau yuav txawv nyob ntawm cov tshuaj uas koj tab tom tham txog thiab hom mob qog noj ntshav uas koj tab tom kho.
- Cov ntsiav tshuaj los yog kua: Qee cov tshuaj antimetabolites muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj los yog kua uas tuaj yeem noj tau txhua hnub.
- Kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha (IV): Muaj lwm hom kev txhaj tshuaj uas muab rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Cov no feem ntau yog muab ua cov kua saline los ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Rau cov neeg uas tau txais kev kho mob ntev, cov tshuaj no qee zaum muab los ntawm lub raj tshwj xeeb (mediport) uas muab tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha loj, nruab nrab.
- Cov Tshuaj Pleev: Cov tshuaj Antimetabolites siv rau mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij kuj muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv pleev rau sab nraud. Cov no yog siv rau thaj chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij uas raug mob ib lossis ob zaug hauv ib hnub.
Cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kho mob no yog dab tsi?
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm hom tshuaj no yog nws rhuav tshem cov hlwb qog noj ntshav, tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog noj ntshav lossis ua rau nws me. Qhov no pab tus neeg mob kom rov zoo thiab ua kom lawv lub neej ntev dua.
Txawm li cas los xij, muaj kev pheej hmoo . Cov tshuaj no tsis ua haujlwm zoo ib yam rau txhua tus. Qee zaum, txawm tias cov kws kho mob kuj muaj teeb meem hais tias cov tshuaj no yog rau mob qog noj ntshav twg.
Ib qho tseem ceeb ntxiv yog tias qee zaum, txawm tias nws ua haujlwm zoo thaum xub thawj, dhau sijhawm, cov hlwb qog noj ntshav tau siv cov tshuaj no. Peb hu qhov no tias 'resistant'. Tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntxiv lawm.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj antimetabolites yog dab tsi?
Vim tias cov tshuaj antimetabolites yog ib pawg tshuaj, tsis yog ib hom tshuaj xwb, cov kev mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj tau txais tshuaj antimetabolite tshwj xeeb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog cov kev mob tshwm sim tshwj xeeb uas cuam tshuam nrog nws.
Tab sis feem ntau, muaj ntau yam kev mob tshwm sim uas pom nrog feem ntau cov tshuaj antimetabolites.
| Cov teebmeem sab | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Teeb meem ntawm lub plab zom mov | Xeev siab, ntuav, tsis qab los noj mov, raws plab, lossis cem quav. |
| Kev tsis xis nyob ntawm lub cev | Qaug zog, tsis muaj zog, mob nqaij, mob taub hau, thiab kiv taub hau. |
| Kev hloov pauv hauv lub qhov ncauj thiab daim di ncauj | Mob los yog o ntawm lub qhov ncauj thiab daim di ncauj. |
| Cov teebmeem rau lub siab | Cov enzymes siab (qhov no yuav qhia tau tias daim siab puas los yog o). |
| Tawv nqaij thiab plaub hau | Plaub hau poob, tawv nqaij ua pob, tawv nqaij qhuav thiab tawg. |
| Kev hloov pauv hauv qhov muag | Kev pom kev hloov pauv lossis kev rhiab heev rau lub teeb. |
| Cov teebmeem rau cov qe ntshav | Txo cov qe ntshav dawb, uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob. |
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov tshuaj Antimetabolites yog ib hom tshuaj chemotherapy uas dag cov hlwb qog noj ntshav kom loj hlob thiab tiv thaiv lawv kom tsis txhob ua li ntawd.
- Cov no feem ntau yog siv rau cov mob qog noj ntshav uas loj hlob sai xws li mob ntshav dawb (leukemia), mob mis (mis), mob zes qe menyuam (ovascular cancer), thiab mob plab hnyuv loj (colon cancer).
- Txawm hais tias cov kev kho mob no muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev rhuav tshem cov hlwb qog noj ntshav, lawv kuj muaj kev pheej hmoo xws li kev tiv thaiv tshuaj thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim.
- Vim tias cov kev mob tshwm sim sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj mus rau cov tshuaj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog cov tshuaj uas koj noj thiab nws cov teebmeem.
- Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob yam tsis muaj kev yig txog cov tshuaj uas koj tau txais, nws cov kev mob tshwm sim, thiab txhua lo lus nug lossis kev txhawj xeeb uas koj muaj. Tsuas yog nws lossis nws thiaj li muab tau cov lus qhia tseeb thiab tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau koj.
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