Koj puas paub txog phab ntsa zoo kawg no uas tiv thaiv lub hlwb? (Blood-Brain Barrier)

Xav txog koj lub hlwb zoo li ib lub chaw ruaj khov uas muaj nqis heev thiab rhiab heev. Thiab muaj ib tug neeg zov qhov rooj uas saib xyuas txhua yam uas nkag mus rau hauv lub chaw ruaj khov ntawd, tiv thaiv tej yam phem thiab tsuas yog cia tej yam zoo nkag mus xwb. Ib yam li ntawd, hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib lub chaw zov qhov rooj tshwj xeeb, lossis lim dej, nyob hauv cov hlab ntsha ncig peb lub hlwb, tiv thaiv lub hlwb. Hauv kev kho mob, peb hu qhov no ua Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB).

Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) ​​yog dab tsi?

Qhov no tsis yog ib qho kev thaiv xwb. Qhov tseeb, nws zoo li ib tug neeg zov peb lub hlwb. Phab ntsa tiv thaiv no nyob rau sab hauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas nyob ib puag ncig lub hlwb. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tiv thaiv cov tshuaj lom neeg, cov kab mob, thiab cov tshuaj tsis xav tau hauv cov ntshav kom tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv lub hlwb . Nws kuj tswj kev noj cov as-ham thiab cov pa oxygen kom zoo rau lub hlwb thiab tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg ntawm lub hlwb.

Hauv lwm qhov ntawm peb lub cev, cov hlwb hauv peb cov hlab ntsha (peb hu cov hlwb "endothelium") muaj qhov sib txawv me me ntawm lawv. Tab sis hauv cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb, cov hlwb no tau ntim nruj heev, txuas nrog ib leeg, thiab tsis muaj qhov sib txawv. Nws zoo li phab ntsa plastered tsis muaj qhov. Yog li txawm tias cov molecules loj, lossis txawm tias cov khoom uas tsuas yog soluble hauv dej, tsis tuaj yeem yooj yim hla dhau nws.

Dab tsi tuaj yeem mus rau hauv phab ntsa kev ruaj ntseg no?

Tsis yog txhua yam nres ntawm phab ntsa no. Muaj qee yam tuaj yeem hla dhau nws.

• Cov molecule me me heev: Cov molecule me me xws li oxygen thiab carbon dioxide tuaj yeem yooj yim hla dhau qhov no.
• Lipid-soluble: Lub txheej sab nraud ntawm cov hlwb phab ntsa tiv thaiv no yog ua los ntawm lipids, yog li cov tshuaj lipid-soluble tuaj yeem yooj yim hla dhau nws.

Xav txog vim li cas tej yam xws li cawv, tshuaj loog, thiab caffeine cuam tshuam rau peb lub hlwb sai ua luaj. Qhov laj thawj yog vim lawv tuaj yeem hla dhau Blood-Brain Barrier tau yooj yim. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau yam tshuaj, xws li tshuaj antidepressants, tshuaj anxiolytics, thiab tshuaj qaug dab peg, yog tsim los hla qhov kev thaiv no thiab mus txog lub hlwb.

Cov xwm txheej twg uas phab ntsa tiv thaiv no yuav ua rau tsis muaj zog?

Txawm hais tias qhov kev tiv thaiv no muaj zog heev, qee zaum nws tuaj yeem qaug zog lossis pib "xaus." Qhov no feem ntau yog vim o.Qhov no yuav tshwm sim tau rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no. Thaum lub zog thaiv no qaug zog lawm, cov tshuaj lom uas feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub hlwb tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv.

Lub rooj hauv qab no teev qee yam mob tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem ua rau Blood-Brain Barrier tsis muaj zog.

Puas muaj tej yam cim qhia tias qhov no yuav yog teeb meem?

Qhov tseeb, tsis muaj cov tsos mob ncaj qha uas qhia txog teeb meem nrog Blood-Brain Barrier. Qhov peb pom yog cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob hauv qab uas cuam tshuam rau nws (piv txwv li, mob stroke lossis Alzheimer's kab mob). Txawm hais tias tam sim no tsis muaj txoj hauv kev meej los sim qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov thaiv no, ntau txoj hauv kev tau raug tshawb nrhiav ntawm qib kev tshawb fawb.

Peb yuav tsum ua li cas thiaj li ua kom txoj kev tiv thaiv muaj nqis no muaj zog?

Txawm hais tias peb tsis tuaj yeem kho qhov Blood-Brain Barrier ncaj qha los, peb tuaj yeem zam cov yam uas ua rau nws tsis muaj zog. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias kev ua neej noj qab haus huv yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.

• Tswj kev noj zaub mov kom zoo thiab qhov hnyav kom noj qab nyob zoo: Tej yam xws li ntshav siab, ntshav qab zib, thiab roj cholesterol ua rau peb cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj. Qhov kev puas tsuaj no kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tswj cov kab mob no los ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab kev tawm dag zog.
• Tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej txog kev kis kab mob:Qee zaum, yog tias tsis kho qhov mob ntawm pob ntseg, qhov muag, lossis cov hniav kom zoo, cov kab mob tuaj yeem mus los ntawm cov ntshav mus rau lub hlwb. Yog li, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd rau txhua yam kab mob thiab nrhiav kev kho mob.
• Hnav cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb: Kev raug mob taub hau tuaj yeem ua rau lub laj kab no puas tsuaj ncaj qha. Yog li ntawd, nco ntsoov hnav lub kaus mom hlau thaum caij tsheb kauj vab lossis maus taus, thiab khi koj txoj siv sia thaum caij tsheb.
• Tswj koj cov kab mob ntev kom zoo: Yog tias koj muaj cov kab mob xws li ntshav qab zib, ntshav siab, lossis roj cholesterol, noj cov tshuaj uas koj tus kws kho mob sau kom raug thiab raws sijhawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, mus rau cov chaw kho mob raws sijhawm kom paub koj tus mob.

Cov kws kho mob siv cov kev paub no li cas?

Kev paub txog Blood-Brain Barrier muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov kws kho mob thiab cov kws tshawb fawb. Nws yog ob qho tib si kev sib tw thiab lub cib fim.

• Qhov teeb meem: Qee zaum, cov tshuaj rau mob qog hauv hlwb lossis kev kis kab mob tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub hlwb vim yog qhov thaiv no. Qhov thaiv xav tias cov tshuaj "phem." Hauv cov xwm txheej no, cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb (xws li txoj kev "Trojan horse", uas cuam tshuam nrog kev txuas nws tus kheej rau lwm lub molecule) yog siv los xa cov tshuaj hla qhov thaiv.
• Rooj plaub: Kab mob Parkinson tshwm sim thaum muaj kev txo qis ntawm cov tshuaj dopamine hauv lub hlwb. Txawm tias dopamine raug muab ncaj qha ua tshuaj, nws tsis tuaj yeem hla qhov thaiv no thiab nkag mus rau hauv lub hlwb. Yog li ntawd, cov kws kho mob muab tshuaj hu ua levodopa. Cov levodopa no tuaj yeem hla qhov thaiv. Thaum nws nkag mus rau hauv lub hlwb, levodopa hloov mus ua dopamine. Qhov no puas yog lub tswv yim zoo?

Uas yog, qee cov tshuaj yog tsim los hla qhov thaiv no. Lwm cov tshuaj yog tsim los hla qhov thaiv no, vim tias yog tias cov tshuaj nkag mus rau hauv lub hlwb, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv tsis xav tau.