Koj puas tau xav paub tias muaj pes tsawg yam zoo kawg nkaus tshwm sim hauv peb lub cev? Ib yam li lub network ntawm txoj kev hauv lub nroog loj, peb lub cev puv nrog cov hlab ntsha (lossis cov hlab ntsha, kom meej dua, cov hlab ntsha). Cov no yog cov uas nqa cov pa oxygen thiab cov as-ham uas peb xav tau los nyob hauv txhua qhov ntawm peb lub cev. Yog li hnub no peb yuav tham txog cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb heev hauv lub cev no, uas ua haujlwm zoo li txoj kev loj. Ntawd yog Brachiocephalic Artery . Txawm hais tias lub npe yuav suab txawv me ntsis, txoj haujlwm nws ua yog loj heev.
Hais yooj yim xwb, Brachiocephalic Artery yog dab tsi?
Xav txog tias koj lub plawv yog lub twj tso dej tseem ceeb hauv koj lub cev. Lub twj tso kua mis no xa cov ntshav mus thoob plaws koj lub cev los ntawm ib lub raj tuab thiab muaj zog heev. Peb hu nws ua aorta . Lub aorta no tawm ntawm lub plawv thiab khoov zoo li tus pas nrig thiab tom qab ntawd nqis mus. Thawj ceg thiab loj tshaj plaws uas tawm ntawm qhov khoov ntawd, uas yog, aortic arch , hu ua brachiocephalic artery.
Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov no yog ib txoj hlab ntshav loj nyob rau sab xis saum toj ntawm peb lub hauv siab, uas tawm ntawm lub aorta. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog muab ntshav rau cov feem sab xis saum toj ntawm peb lub cev, uas yog sab caj npab xis, sab caj dab xis, thiab sab xis ntawm lub hlwb .
Ob lub npe ntxiv siv rau qhov no:
- Lub cev Brachiocephalic: 'Lub cev' txhais tau tias lub cev. Nws hu ua li no vim tias ob lub hlab ntsha loj pib ntawm no.
- Innominate Artery: Qhov no yog lub npe qub me ntsis.
Yog li qhov no yog ib feem tseem ceeb heev ntawm peb lub cev txoj kev ncig ntshav.
Cov hlab ntsha no ua dab tsi tiag?
Nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yog nqa cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen ntau thiab huv uas lub plawv nqus mus rau cov kabmob ntawm sab xis saum toj ntawm lub cev. Xav txog, koj sau ntawv nrog koj sab tes xis, tsa ib qho hnyav, thiab noj mov. Tag nrho cov no xav tau lub zog los ntawm cov leeg nqaij hauv koj sab caj npab xis. Yuav kom tau txais lub zog ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau txais oxygen tas li. Txoj kev tseem ceeb uas muab cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen ntau mus rau sab caj npab xis pib nrog cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic no.
Nws zoo ib yam li peb lub hlwb. Lub hlwb tsis tuaj yeem tsis muaj pa oxygen txawm tias ib pliag. Nws kuj yog qhov uas muab ib feem ntawm cov ntshav uas xav tau rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm sab xis ntawm lub hlwb. Tsis yog li ntawd xwb, tab sis cov nqaij ntawm sab xis ntawm peb lub caj dab thiab lub ntsej muag kuj tau txais cov ntshav los ntawm cov ceg uas tawm ntawm nws.
Hais yooj yim xwb, kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm koj sab caj npab xis, caj dab, thiab sab xis ntawm koj lub hlwb nyob ntawm cov hlab ntsha me me no, tab sis muaj zog heev.
Lub raj no puas nqa cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen los yog cov ntshav uas tsis muaj oxygen?
Tseeb tiag , cov ntshav huv si thiab muaj pa oxygenCov ntshav huv no, uas sab laug ntawm peb lub plawv nqus tau, los ntawm lub aorta thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic. Cov ntshav no ces mus rau ntau qhov ntawm lub cev, muab cov pa oxygen thiab cov as-ham, thiab rov qab los ua cov ntshav tsis muaj oxygen mus rau sab xis ntawm lub plawv los ntawm cov leeg ntshav.
Cov hlab ntsha no nyob qhov twg hauv lub cev?
Nws nyob rau sab xis saum toj ntawm peb lub hauv siab, me ntsis saum lub plawv thiab hauv qab lub caj dab. Hais txog kev kho mob, thaj chaw no hu ua Mediastinum . Qhov no yog qhov chaw tseem ceeb heev. Vim tias lub plawv, trachea, thiab ntau lwm cov hlab ntsha loj nyob hauv qhov chaw no.
Txawm hais tias qhov no yog thawj ceg ntawm lub aortic arch, nws tsis yog thawj ceg ntawm lub aorta nws tus kheej. Qhov no yog vim tias cov hlab ntsha coronary , uas muab ntshav rau cov leeg nqaij plawv, pib los ntawm lub ascending aorta. Yog li cov hlab ntsha coronary yog thawj ceg ntawm lub aorta.
Ob ceg tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic
Cov hlab ntsha no mus txog li 4-5 centimeters mus rau saum toj thiab faib ua ob ceg tseem ceeb ze ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke qhov twg clavicle thiab sternum ntsib ntawm peb sab xis. Peb hu qhov kev faib no ua bifurcation .
| Lub Npe ntawm Cov Ntshav | Cov chaw muab ntshav tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Cov hlab ntsha sab xis Subclavian | Nws muab ntshav rau tag nrho sab caj npab sab xis. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, nws kuj muab ntshav rau lub taub hau, caj dab, thiab qee qhov ntawm lub hauv siab. |
| Txoj Cai Carotid Artery | Nws muab ntshav rau lub hlwb, lub ntsej muag, thiab cov nqaij ntawm sab xis ntawm lub caj dab. |
Cov hlab ntsha no ua los ntawm dab tsi?
Ib yam li lwm cov hlab ntsha, qhov no muaj phab ntsa ua los ntawm peb txheej tseem ceeb.
- Tunica Intima: Qhov no yog txheej sab hauv tshaj plaws, du. Qhov no tso cai rau cov ntshav ntws tau yooj yim yam tsis muaj kev txhaws.
- Tunica Media:Qhov no yog txheej nruab nrab ntawm cov leeg nqaij. Nws zoo li ib daim ntaub mos mos. Nws tuaj yeem ncab thiab zawm thaum xav tau. Qhov no pab tswj cov ntshav siab thiab cov ntshav ntws.
- Tunica Adventitia: Qhov no yog txheej tiv thaiv sab nraud tshaj plaws. Nws muab lub zog thiab cov duab ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
Cov hlab ntsha no puas zoo ib yam hauv txhua tus neeg lub cev? (Kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev)
Tsis yog. Feem ntau cov neeg lub cev zoo li kuv tau piav qhia ua ntej, tab sis qee tus neeg yuav muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis. Cov no feem ntau tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem loj. Cov no hu ua Anatomic Variations .
Feem ntau peb lub hlab ntsha tseem ceeb tshwm sim los ntawm lub aortic arch:
1. Cov hlab ntsha Brachiocephalic
2. Cov hlab ntsha sab laug Subclavian
3. Sab laug Carotid Artery
Tiam sis rau qee tus neeg, tus qauv no yuav txawv. Piv txwv li, cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic thiab cov hlab ntsha sab laug carotid ob leeg yuav pib los ntawm tib lub cev. Tom qab ntawd ob ceg tseem ceeb pib ntawm qhov nkhaus ntawm aorta. Cov no feem ntau pom thaum lub sijhawm kuaj, xws li CT scan, ua rau lwm qhov laj thawj.
Puas muaj ob lub hlab ntsha brachiocephalic, sab xis thiab sab laug?
Feem ntau cov neeg tsuas muaj ib txoj hlab ntsha brachiocephalic xwb, thiab nws nyob rau sab xis. Tab sis tsis tshua muaj neeg muaj txoj hlab ntsha no rau ob sab xis thiab sab laug vim lawv lub cev txawv ntawm lwm tus.
Cov kab mob twg cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha no?
Txawm hais tias cov hlab ntsha no muaj zog los xij, qee yam mob nkeeg tuaj yeem ua rau nws puas tsuaj loj heev .
| Mob nkeeg | Piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Tracheo-innominate fistula (TIF) | Qhov no yog ib qho xwm txheej ceev, uas tej zaum yuav ua rau tuag taus. Ib txhia neeg ua pa nyuaj thiab muaj ib lub raj ntxig rau hauv lub qhov hauv lawv lub caj dab (tracheostomy). Yog tias lub raj no tso rau hauv qhov chaw ntev, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib txuas tsis zoo (fistula) ntawm lub trachea thiab cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic ze ntawm. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav hnyav thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Qhov no yuav tsum tau phais mob ceev. |
| Kab mob Atherosclerosis | Qhov no yog thaum cov roj cholesterol thiab cov rog sib sau ua ke hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, ua rau sab hauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha nqaim. Nws zoo li xeb sib sau ua ke hauv cov yeeb nkab dej. Qhov no thaiv cov ntshav ntws. Feem ntau qhov mob no cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha carotid hauv caj dab, tab sis tsis tshua muaj cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic kuj tuaj yeem raug cuam tshuam. Qhov no tuaj yeem txo cov ntshav ntws mus rau lub hlwb thiab caj npab. |
| Aneurysm | Ib qho aneurysm yog ib qho chaw tsis muaj zog hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas nthuav tawm zoo li lub npas. Qhov no zoo li ib qho chaw tsis muaj zog hauv lub log tsheb uas nthuav tawm zoo li lub npuas. Qhov no yog ib qho xwm txheej tsis tshua muaj ntawm aneurysm hauv cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic. Tab sis yog tias nws ua li ntawd, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm nws tawg. |
Peb yuav ua li cas kom cov hlab ntsha muaj nqis no noj qab nyob zoo?
Muaj ntau yam uas koj ua tau kom txhua txoj hlab ntsha hauv koj lub cev noj qab nyob zoo, tsis yog tsuas yog txoj hlab ntsha brachiocephalic xwb. Cov no kuj tseem ceeb heev rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub plawv.
- Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab haus luam yeeb kiag li. Kev haus luam yeeb yog qhov kev puas tsuaj loj tshaj plaws uas koj tuaj yeem ua rau koj cov hlab ntsha.
- Noj zaub mov kom zoo. Txo cov khoom noj uas muaj roj, ntsev, thiab qab zib ntau li ntau tau. Noj ntau txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, cov nplej tag nrho, thiab cov khoom noj uas muaj fiber ntau.
- Ua si nawv tsis tu ncua. Ua si nawv xws li taug kev, khiav, lossis caij tsheb kauj vab, tsawg kawg 30 feeb ib hnub, 5 hnub ib lim tiam.
- Tswj koj lub cev qhov hnyav kom noj qab nyob zoo. Nug koj tus kws kho mob seb qhov hnyav noj qab nyob zoo rau koj qhov siab yog dab tsi.
- Txwv kev haus cawv.
- Tswj kev ntxhov siab. Tej yam xws li kev xav, kev yoga, thiab kev ua si lom zem zoo yuav pab txo kev ntxhov siab.
- Siv koj cov tshuaj raws nraim li koj tus kws kho mob tau hais. Yog tias koj muaj tej yam mob xws li ntshav siab, ntshav qab zib, lossis roj cholesterol ntau, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum noj koj cov tshuaj raws sijhawm.
- Pw tsaug zog txaus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau ib tus neeg laus kom tau pw tsaug zog 7-9 teev hauv ib hnub rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub plawv.
- Mus kuaj mob tsis tu ncua. Mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug kom kuaj xyuas tag nrho.
Kev kawm txog cov qauv ntawm peb lub cev (anatomy) yuav nyuaj me ntsis. Tab sis nws kuj yog ib qho zoo kawg nkaus. Tej zaum koj yuav kawm txog cov no vim yog ib qho mob, lossis tsuas yog rau kev kawm xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj muaj lus nug lossis kev txhawj xeeb, tsis txhob ntshai nug koj tus kws kho mob txog nws.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov hlab ntsha brachiocephalic yog ib txoj hlab ntsha loj uas pib los ntawm lub aorta ntawm lub plawv.
- Qhov no muab cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen feem ntau mus rau sab tes xis ntawm lub cev, lub caj dab xis, thiab sab tes xis ntawm lub hlwb.
- Nws muab faib ua ob ceg tseem ceeb: Sab xis Subclavian thiab Sab xis Common Carotid.
- Cov mob xws li cov roj cholesterol tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha (atherosclerosis) thiab cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha qaug zog thiab loj hlob (aneurysm) tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha no.
- Los ntawm kev ua raws li txoj kev ua neej noj qab haus huv (kev noj zaub mov zoo, kev tawm dag zog, thiab kev zam kev haus luam yeeb), koj tuaj yeem ua kom cov hlab ntsha no thiab koj lub plawv tag nrho noj qab haus huv.
- Yog tias koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog koj lub cev ua haujlwm li cas, tsis txhob yig los tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob.











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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus