Koj puas tau hnov ​​txog tus kab mob no uas ua rau koj lub ntsej muag xiav thaum txias thiab koj xav tias koj nkees heev? (Kab Mob Khaub Thuas Agglutinin)

Thaum koj txias heev, koj puas muaj tej lub sij hawm koj cov ntiv tes thiab cov ntiv taw xiav? Los yog koj puas xav tias koj nkees thiab tsis muaj zog yam tsis muaj laj thawj? Tej zaum koj daim tawv nqaij tau daj ntseg. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob no, qhov ua rau muaj tej zaum yuav yog ib yam mob tsis tshua muaj, tab sis nws yog ib yam dab tsi uas peb txhua tus yuav tsum paub txog. Hnub no, peb yuav tham txog yam mob no hu ua 'Cold Agglutinin Disease (CAD),' uas txhais tau tias "kab mob ntshav txias sib sau ua ke" hauv Sinhala.

Kab mob khaub thuas Agglutinin (CAD) yog dab tsi? Cia peb nkag siab yooj yim heev.

Hais yooj yim xwb, 'Kab Mob Khaub Thuas Agglutinin (CAD)' yog ib yam kab mob ntshav tsis tshua muaj uas peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob - lub cev uas tiv thaiv peb ntawm kab mob zoo li cov tub rog hauv peb lub cev - ua yuam kev tawm tsam peb cov qe ntshav liab noj qab haus huv .

Xav txog seb, peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau tsim ib hom protein tshwj xeeb hu ua 'antibodies' los rhuav tshem cov kab mob phem uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Tab sis hauv qhov xwm txheej no ntawm CAD, peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsim ib hom 'antibody' tshwj xeeb hu ua 'autoantibody', tseem hu ua 'cold agglutinin'. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov no yog tias nws tawm tsam thiab rhuav tshem cov qe ntshav liab noj qab haus huv hauv peb lub cev.

Raws li koj paub, cov qe ntshav liab yog ib hom qe ntshav tseem ceeb heev uas nqa cov pa oxygen thoob plaws peb lub cev. Cov pa oxygen no pab peb cov qe ntshav tsim lub zog uas lawv xav tau. Yog li, thaum cov qe ntshav liab tsawg zuj zus, uas yog, thaum muaj ntshav tsis txaus , peb lub cev yuav muaj ntau yam kev tsis xis nyob.

Kab mob "Kab mob Agglutinin mob khaub thuas" yog ib hom kab mob ntshav tsis txaus uas hu ua "mob ntshav tsis txaus." "Kab mob ntshav tsis txaus" yog thaum peb cov pob txha pob txha rhuav tshem cov qe ntshav liab sai dua li nws tsim tau cov qe ntshav tshiab. Nws zoo li lub thoob uas muaj qhov thiab pib xau dej.

Tus mob no hu ua 'Kab Mob Khaub Thuas Agglutinin' ntau npaum li cas?

Qhov no yog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj . Tsuas yog li ib tug ntawm 100,000 tus neeg tau kuaj pom tias muaj tus kab mob tshiab txhua xyoo. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov poj niam hnub nyoog ntawm 40 thiab 80. Txawm li cas los xij, tus lej ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg uas muaj hnub nyoog nruab nrab 60 xyoo.

Kab mob 'Cold Agglutinin' cuam tshuam li cas rau kuv lub cev?

Kab mob no ua rau koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev tsis muaj ntshav txaus. Kev tsis muaj ntshav txaus yog thaum lub cev tsis muaj cov qe ntshav liab txaus. Nyob ntawm seb ua rau muaj li cas, qhov mob no tuaj yeem mob ntev lossis luv luv . Tsis tas li ntawd, cov teebmeem rau lub cev tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm qhov me me mus rau qhov hnyav .

Piv txwv li, yog tias CAD tsis hnyav heev, cov tsos mob yuav tshwm sim qeeb heev. Nws yuav siv sijhawm ntau xyoo kom paub qhov mob. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum muaj mob hnyav, CAD tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob plawv loj heev, txawm tias ua rau tuag taus.Tej zaum nws yuav tshwm sim.

Lub npe ntawm tus kab mob no muaj lo lus "mob khaub thuas". Yog li ntawd, cov tsos mob no feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv thaj chaw uas muaj huab cua txias lossis rau hnub txias.

Cov tsos mob ntawm 'Kab Mob Khaub Thuas Agglutinin' yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob ntawm CAD feem ntau yog txuam nrog kev tsis muaj ntshav txaus thiab cov ntshav ntws tsis zoo thoob plaws lub cev. Cov tsos mob no suav nrog:

• Xav tias nkees heev (Qaug zog) : Tsis yog tsuas yog nkees xwb, tab sis kuj muaj kev xav tias tsis muaj sia nyob.
• Tsis Muaj Zog : Lub cev qaug zog heev ua rau nws ua tsis tau dab tsi.
• Kiv taub hau : Kev xav tias kiv taub hau.
• Kev tawm hws : Kev tawm hws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.
• Ua pa nyuaj (dyspnea) : Ua pa nyuaj txawm tias siv zog me ntsis los xij.
• Lub plawv dhia nce ntxiv (tachycardia) : Lub plawv dhia nce ntxiv.
• Pallor : Daim tawv nqaij poob nws cov ntshav thiab ua daj ntseg.
• Cov ntiv tes, cov ntiv taw, thiab pob ntseg yuav xiav thaum raug dej txias (Raynaud's phenomenon) : Thaum koj mus rau qhov chaw txias xws li Nuwara Eliya, lossis thaum koj kov dej txias, koj cov ntiv tes, cov ntiv taw, thiab pob ntseg yuav xiav, qee zaum dawb. Qhov no kuj tseem yuav nrog los ntawm kev loog.

Koj kuj tseem yuav muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob daj ntseg . Thaum cov qe ntshav liab raug rhuav tshem, lawv tso tawm cov tshuaj daj hu ua bilirubin. Thaum cov bilirubin no sib sau ua ke hauv lub cev, tus mob daj ntseg tshwm sim. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob daj ntseg suav nrog:

• Cov zis xim av tsaus.
• Dhau, cov dawb ntawm lub qhov muag thiab cov iris yog daj.

Cov ua rau muaj 'Kab Mob Khaub Thuas Agglutinin' yog dab tsi?

Kab Mob Agglutinin Txias yog ib hom kab mob ntshav tsis khov uas ua rau peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis zoo. Qhov no txhais tau tias peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam peb cov hlwb. Hauv CAD, peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob raug ua haujlwm los ntawm huab cua txias thiab tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas "tag" cov qe ntshav liab kom rhuav tshem lawv. Cov qe ntshav liab uas tagged lo ua ke thiab sib sau ua ke (agglutinate). Cov qe ntshav uas sib sau ua ke tuaj yeem raug ntes thiab rhuav tshem yooj yim los ntawm lwm qhov ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, hu ua macrophages.

Cov txheej txheem no pib thaum qhov kub poob qis dua 3-4 degrees Celsius (37-39 degrees Fahrenheit). Xav txog tias peb lub cev kub ib txwm yog li 37 degrees Celsius. Qhov teeb meem no pib thaum peb raug rau qhov kub qis dua li ntawd.

CAD cuam tshuam lub sijhawm ib txwm rau peb lub cev los tsim cov qe ntshav liab noj qab haus huv. Feem ntau, cov qe ntshav liab nyob tau li 120 hnub. Thaum lub sijhawm no, peb cov pob txha pob txha tuaj yeem tsim cov qe ntshav liab tshiab los hloov cov uas tuag. Tab sis hauv CAD, lub voj voog no raug cuam tshuam.

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tseem tsis tau paub meej tias vim li cas peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiaj tawm tsam cov hlwb noj qab haus huv.Qee zaum CAD tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm lwm yam mob uas twb muaj lawm. Qhov no hu ua 'secondary CAD'. Yog tias tsis pom qhov txuas zoo li no, uas txhais tau tias CAD tshwm sim yam tsis muaj laj thawj, nws hu ua 'primary CAD' lossis 'idiopathic CAD'.

Tej yam mob twg ntxiv uas yuav cuam tshuam nrog 'Kab Mob Khaub Thuas Agglutinin'?

Feem ntau cov kab mob CAD theem ob (secondary CAD) muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev kis kab mob, cov kab mob autoimmune, thiab cov kab mob lymphoproliferative. Piv txwv li:

• Kab mob mononucleosis kis tau los ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb (infectious mononucleosis)
• Mycoplasma mob ntsws
• Kab mob Cytomegalovirus
• Lupus
• Mob pob qij txha caj qaum
• `Non-Hodgkin lymphoma`
• Kab mob leukemia lymphocytic ntev
• Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

Cov npe no yuav zoo li ua rau koj tsis meej pem me ntsis, tab sis cov no yog cov npe tshwj xeeb uas cov kws kho mob siv, yog li nws zoo rau koj kom paub lawv.

Yuav kuaj mob li cas thiaj paub tias yog tus kab mob "Cold Agglutinin Disease"? (Kev kuaj mob)

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav nug txog koj cov tsos mob thiab saib koj keeb kwm kev kho mob. Tom qab ntawd, lawv yuav xaj qee qhov kev kuaj ntshav tshwj xeeb los xyuas seb koj puas muaj mob ntshav liab thiab seb koj puas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas cuam tshuam nrog CAD.

Cov kev kuaj ntshav siv los kuaj mob hemolytic anemia yog:

• Kev suav cov ntshav tag nrho (CBC) : Qhov no muab cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog koj cov qe ntshav liab. Nws tuaj yeem xyuas seb koj muaj pes tsawg cov qe ntshav liab, lawv loj npaum li cas, thiab koj cov hemoglobin theem. Hemoglobin yog ib qho protein tseem ceeb heev uas pab cov qe ntshav liab nqa oxygen.
• `` suav cov qe ntshav liab uas tseem tsis tau loj hlob` : Qhov no ntsuas seb koj muaj pes tsawg cov qe ntshav liab uas tseem tsis tau loj hlob (`reticulocytes`) hauv koj lub cev. Thaum lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rhuav tshem cov qe ntshav liab uas loj hlob lawm, lub cev sim ua kom muaj ntau cov qe ntshav liab uas tseem tsis tau loj hlob no los them rov qab.
• Kev kuaj ntshav hauv cov ntshav : Cov ntshav uas muaj 'lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)' thiab 'bilirubin' ntau ntxiv, thiab cov 'haptoglobin' uas txo qis yog cov cim qhia tias muaj 'hemolytic anemia'.

Tom qab ntawd, txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb CAD puas yog qhov ua rau koj cov ntshav tsis txaus, koj tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj cov autoantibodies uas tawm tsam cov qe ntshav liab. Cov kev kuaj uas ua rau qhov no yog:

• Kev kuaj Coombs ncaj qha (DAT) : Qhov kev kuaj no xyuas seb puas muaj cov autoantibodies uas cuam tshuam nrog CAD. Hauv kev kuaj, koj cov qe ntshav liab raug cais tawm ntawm koj cov ntshav tas thiab muab tso rau hauv ib puag ncig uas tswj tau. Tom qab ntawd ntxiv cov kua tshwj xeeb. Yog tias cov qe ntshav liab lo ua ke nrog cov kua thiab sib sau ua ke (agglutinate), qhov kev kuaj yog qhov zoo, txhais tau tias cov autoantibody muaj nyob.
• Kev kuaj mob agglutinin txiasQhov kev kuaj no ntsuas qhov concentration, lossis ntau npaum li cas, ntawm cov 'autoantibodies' no hauv koj cov ntshav. Cov concentration ntau ntawm cov 'autoantibodies' no yog ib qho cim ntawm CAD.

Thaum koj tus mob tau kuaj pom tseeb lawm, koj tus kws kho mob kuj yuav kuaj xyuas seb koj tus mob CAD puas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog ib qho mob uas twb muaj lawm ('secondary CAD').

Yuav kho tus kab mob "Cold Agglutinin Disease" li cas?

Nyob ntawm seb koj cov tsos mob hnyav npaum li cas, kev kho mob yuav suav nrog kev hloov pauv hauv lub neej, tshuaj, thiab qee zaum kev hloov ntshav thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev .

• Txoj Kev Ua Neej : Yog tias koj muaj CAD, koj tus kws kho mob yuav qhia koj kom tsis txhob nyob hauv qhov kub thiab txias . Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Koj yuav tsum ua tej yam xws li hnav khaub ncaws sov so, tsis txhob da dej txias, thiab txwv koj txoj kev mus ncig rau thaj chaw txias.
• Cov Tshuaj : Cov tshuaj uas siv ntau tshaj plaws los kho CAD yog 'Rituximab '. Qhov no ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tiv thaiv koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom tsis txhob tsim 'autoantibodies' uas tawm tsam koj cov qe ntshav liab. Ib yam tshuaj tshiab hu ua 'Sutimlimab' kuj tau txais kev pom zoo tsis ntev los no. Qhov no ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom tsis txhob tawm tsam koj cov qe ntshav liab.
• Kev hloov ntshav thiab kev pauv plasma : Yog tias koj tus kab mob CAD mob hnyav zuj zus, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau muab kev hloov ntshav lossis kev pauv plasma rau koj kom koj tus mob ruaj khov. Kev pauv plasma ua haujlwm los ntawm kev txo cov autoantibodies hauv koj cov ntshav.

Yog koj muaj 'CAD theem ob', koj tus kws kho mob kuj yuav kho qhov mob tseem ceeb.

Puas tiv thaiv tau CAD?

Tu siab kawg li, Kab mob Cold Agglutinin tsis yog ib yam kab mob uas yuav tiv thaiv tau. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem tswj tau cov tsos mob thiab ua neej zoo.

Koj muaj peev xwm nyob tau ntev npaum li cas nrog tus kab mob "Cold Agglutinin Disease"?

Cov neeg uas kuaj pom tias muaj CAD feem ntau yuav nyob ntev npaum li cov neeg uas muaj hnub nyoog li lawv uas tsis muaj CAD. Raws li kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no, cov neeg uas kuaj pom tias muaj hnub nyoog 68 xyoo tuaj yeem cia siab tias yuav nyob txog li 80 xyoo, qhov nruab nrab. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias yog tias koj kho thiab tswj koj tus kheej kom zoo, koj yuav muaj lub neej zoo.

Kuv yuav tsum nug kuv tus kws kho mob li cas?

Yog tias koj raug kuaj pom tias muaj CAD, nws yog ib lub tswv yim zoo los nug koj tus kws kho mob cov lus nug zoo li no:

• Kuv tus kab mob CAD puas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog ib yam kab mob uas tseem ceeb?
• Cov tsos mob twg yuav pab kuv paub yog tias kuv tus mob zoo dua lossis hnyav dua?
• Kuv puas yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj ntxiv rau qhov mob no?
• Huab cua zoo tshaj plaws rau ib tus neeg uas muaj CAD nyob hauv yog dab tsi?
• Kuv yuav tsum zam qhov kub thiab txias twg kom tswj tau kuv cov tsos mob?

Koj qhov kev paub txog Kab Mob Khaub Thuas Agglutinin (CAD) nyob ntawm seb nws yog thawj zaug ('thawj zaug') lossis thib ob ('theem ob'). Qhov hnyav ntawm koj cov tsos mob kuj tseem yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov koj xav tau kev kho mob hnyav npaum li cas. Los ntawm kev kho tus mob hauv qab no, koj tus kws kho mob yuav kho tau koj tus kab mob CAD. Txawm tias koj muaj CAD ntev los xij, koj tuaj yeem tswj koj cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav tsis txaus thiab nyob zoo los ntawm kev zam kev mob khaub thuas thiab noj koj cov tshuaj raws li tau qhia.

Cov lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov los ntawm qhov peb tau tham txog (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

• Kab mob Agglutinin txias (CAD) yog ib yam kab mob tsis tshua muaj uas peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam peb cov qe ntshav liab thiab ua rau mob khaub thuas hnyav dua.
• Cov tsos mob yuav muaj xws li mob pob qij txha, qaug zog heev, tawv nqaij dawb, cov ntiv tes hloov xiav thaum txias, thiab qee zaum mob daj ntseg .
• Qhov no tuaj yeem yog 'thawj zaug' (tsis yog ua rau) lossis 'theem ob' (ua rau los ntawm lwm yam kab mob).
• Muaj kev kuaj ntshav los kuaj mob.
• Kev kho mob yuav suav nrog kev zam kev mob khaub thuas, tshuaj, thiab qee zaum kev hloov ntshav.
• Txawm hais tias qhov no tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau los xij, nrog kev tswj hwm kom zoo, koj tuaj yeem ua neej zoo.
• Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob no, tsis txhob yig mus nrhiav kev pab kho mob. Thaum koj paub sai npaum li cas, ces yuav kho tau yooj yim dua.

Nco ntsoov, tsab xov xwm no tsuas yog rau kev qhia xwb. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob, nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho mob kom tau txais kev qhia.

Kab mob Agglutinin txias, CAD, ntshav tsis txaus, cov qe ntshav liab, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, mob khaub thuas, autoimmune, ntshav tsis txaus hemolytic, kab mob ntshav