Koj puas paub txog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv koj lub plawv: Ebstein's Anomaly?

Peb lub siab yog ib lub cev zoo kawg nkaus li, puas yog? Tab sis qee zaum, vim muaj qee qhov kev hloov pauv uas tshwm sim thaum yug los, tej zaum yuav muaj teeb meem me me nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib qho mob plawv tsis tshua muaj uas tsis muaj coob tus neeg muaj. Qhov no hu ua Ebstein's Anomaly. Txawm hais tias lub npe yuav zoo li ntshai me ntsis, cia peb nkag siab yooj yim.

Yog li ntawd, Ebstein's Anomaly yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, Ebstein's Anomaly yog ib yam mob plawv uas muaj thaum yug los . Nws tseem hu ua "congenital," uas txhais tau tias nws muaj thaum yug los. Ib qho "anomaly" txhais tau tias qee yam txawv txawv lossis tsis tau xav txog. Hauv qhov mob no , lub tricuspid valve, ib qho ntawm plaub lub valve hauv peb lub plawv, feem ntau raug cuam tshuam.

Xav txog nws, muaj tej yam zoo li qhov rooj ntawm peb lub plawv chav uas pab cov ntshav ntws mus rau ib qho kev taw qhia xwb. Qhov ntawd yog qhov peb hu ua lub valve. Lub tricuspid valve yog ib qho ntawm lawv. Tus mob no tau piav qhia thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1866 los ntawm tus kws kho mob German hu ua Wilhelm Ebstein. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj li tau muab lub npe tom qab nws.

Ua li cas rau lub tricuspid valve hauv Ebstein anomaly?

Ob qhov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb tuaj yeem pom hauv tricuspid valve ntawm ib tus neeg uas muaj tus mob no:

1. Lub qhov ntswg tsis tau tsim zoo (deformed): Cov leaflets, cov flaps uas qhib thiab kaw nrog txhua zaus lub plawv dhia, tsis zoo li qub. Qee zaum lawv yuav lo rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub plawv.

2. Qhov chaw ntawm lub valve txawv: Lub valve no nyob qis dua li nws yuav tsum yog.

Cov teeb meem no ua rau lub qhov valve tsis kaw zoo, ua rau cov ntshav ntws rov qab mus rau hauv lub plawv sab xis saum toj. Cov kws kho mob hu qhov no ua regurgitation. Thaum cov ntshav txuas ntxiv ntws rov qab, lub plawv sab xis maj mam loj hlob. Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, sab xis ntawm lub plawv tuaj yeem qaug zog thiab ua rau lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm . Qhov no tsis yog mob plawv nres, tab sis yog lub plawv tsis muaj peev xwm tso cov ntshav kom zoo.

Leej twg raug kev cuam tshuam ntau tshaj plaws los ntawm qhov xwm txheej no?

Muaj coob tus neeg uas muaj Ebstein's Anomaly muaj lwm yam mob plawv. Kwv yees li 94 feem pua ​​ntawm cov neeg uas muaj Ebstein's Anomaly muaj ib lub qhov hauv phab ntsa ntawm ob lub chav sab saud ntawm lub plawv (atria). Qhov no hu ua Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) lossis Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO).

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kuj pom tau qee qhov tsis zoo hauv lwm cov qhov valve ntawm lub plawv thiab cov chav sab laug.

Ebstein's Anomaly muaj ntau npaum li cas?

Qhov no yog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj . Nws cuam tshuam rau kwv yees li ib tug ntawm txhua ob puas txhiab tus menyuam mos. Ntawm cov kab mob plawv txij thaum yug los, nws pom muaj tsawg dua 1%.

Cov tsos mob ntawm Ebstein's Anomaly yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob no tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau ib tus neeg, xws li ntawm qhov tsis hnyav mus rau qhov hnyav nyob ntawm seb lub valve puas deformity.

Yog tias tus mob hnyav heev, cov tsos mob feem ntau tshwm sim thaum yug los lossis thawj ob peb lub hlis ntawm lub neej . Rau cov menyuam mos, qee zaum:

• Daim tawv nqaij yuav xiav vim tsis muaj oxygen hauv cov ntshav (cyanosis) .
• Cov cim qhia thaum ntxov ntawm kev ua tsis taus pa yuav suav nrog:
• Ua pa sai.
• Ua pa nyuaj.
• Qhov hnyav nce yog ib qho tshwm sim ntau heev.
• O (edema) rau ntawm ob txhais ceg, plab, lossis ib ncig ntawm lub qhov muag.

Xav txog seb, yog tias ib tug menyuam mos tseem hloov xiav thiab ua pa nyuaj, cov kws kho mob yuav xav tias muaj tus mob zoo li no.

Yog tias tus mob tsis hnyav heev, tej zaum koj yuav tsis muaj tsos mob li, lossis tej zaum cov tsos mob yuav tshwm sim thaum koj laus. Thaum cov tsos mob tshwm sim rau cov neeg laus, koj yuav pom tej yam xws li:

• Xim xiav ntawm daim tawv nqaij (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog daim di ncauj thiab rau tes).
• Lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem (arrhythmia).
• Yog tias lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm tshwm sim:
• Mob hauv siab.
• Kiv taub hau los yog tsaus muag.
• Xav tias nkees txhua lub sijhawm.
• Ua pa nyuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ua si nawv.
• O ntawm ob txhais ceg lossis lub plab.

Dab tsi ua rau muaj Ebstein's Anomaly?

Yog hais qhov tseeb, cov kws kho mob tseem tsis tau hais meej tias yog vim li cas qhov mob no thiaj tshwm sim . Lawv ntseeg tias nws yog los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm caj ces (piv txwv li, tau txais los ntawm noob caj ces) thiab ib puag ncig. Tab sis cov yam ntxwv ntawd yog dab tsi tseem tsis tau txiav txim siab meej.

Yuav kuaj mob li cas? (Kev kuaj mob)

Thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob, lawv yuav nug txog koj cov tsos mob thiab xyuas koj lub plawv dhia thiab ntshav siab. Lawv kuj tseem yuav ua qee qhov kev kuaj mob kom pom tias koj lub plawv ua haujlwm zoo li cas, xws li:

• Kev thaij duab plawv:
• X-ray hauv siab: Qhov no tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas seb lub plawv puas loj dua.
• MRI ntawm lub plawv: Qhov no tuaj yeem tsim cov duab meej dua, ntxaws ntxiv ntawm lub plawv lub plawv thiab cov chav.
• Echocardiogram: Qhov no zoo li kev siv ultrasound ntawm lub plawv. Nws tso cai rau tus kws kho mob pom cov duab ntawm lub plawv lub plawv valve thiab chambers, thiab lawv ua haujlwm li cas. Nws tuaj yeem qhia meej txog qhov tsis zoo ntawm Ebstein anomaly.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG): Qhov no ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob ntawm lub plawv. Nws tuaj yeem ntes tau txhua lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem (arrhythmias).
• Kev sim siab ntawm kev tawm dag zog:Hauv qhov no, koj yuav raug muab tso rau ntawm lub treadmill lossis lub tsheb kauj vab thiab yuav raug ntsuas ECG. Qhov no yog ua los saib seb koj lub plawv ua haujlwm li cas thaum koj ntxhov siab.
• Holter saib xyuas: Qhov no yog ib lub cuab yeej me me uas koj hnav rau 24 txog 48 teev. Thaum lub sijhawm no, nws sau txhua lub plawv dhia. Qhov no tuaj yeem muab rau koj tus kws kho mob lub tswv yim zoo txog seb koj lub plawv dhia thiab lub suab hloov pauv li cas thoob plaws hnub.

Yuav kho tus kab mob Ebstein's Anomaly li cas?

Kev kho mob nyob ntawm seb koj cov tsos mob hnyav npaum li cas.

• Yog tias cov tsos mob tsis hnyav heev lossis tsis muaj: Koj tus kws kho mob yuav saib xyuas koj lub plawv tsis tu ncua kom pom tias puas muaj kev hloov pauv. Tej zaum koj yuav tsis xav tau kev kho mob dab tsi.
• Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm lossis lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem (arrhythmia):
• Cov tshuaj kho mob tuaj yeem muab tau los tswj cov mob ntawd.
• Yog tias koj lub plawv loj lossis koj muaj keeb kwm ntawm lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem, koj yuav raug hais kom txwv kev ua ub ua no . Koj yuav tsum ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom meej.

• Yog tias cov tsos mob hnyav heev: Kev phais lub qhov ntswg Tricuspid yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Qhov no tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub qhov ntswg hauv lub sijhawm ntev.
• Sim kho nws siv koj cov nqaij ntawm lub qhov ntswg yog qhov kev kho mob tsim nyog tshaj plaws.
• Yog tias qhov kev puas tsuaj loj heev uas kho tsis tau, tej zaum yuav tsum tau hloov lub valve . Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog lub valve mechanical lossis lub valve biological tissue. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias lub valve mechanical raug ntxig rau hauv, koj yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj thinning ntshav rau tas koj lub neej.

Qee zaum lwm yam kev phais plawv yuav ua tau tib lub sijhawm nrog kev phais lub plawv tricuspid. Piv txwv li, kaw lub qhov ntawm cov chav sab saud ntawm lub plawv (kho ASD) lossis kho lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem (kev kho mob arrhythmia). Kev kho rau lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem suav nrog kev rho catheter lossis cog lub pacemaker.

Tsis tshua muaj, yuav tsum tau hloov lub plawv yog tias lwm yam kev kho mob tsis ua haujlwm.

Puas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau Ebstein's Anomaly?

Vim cov kws kho mob tsis paub meej tias tus mob no tshwm sim li cas, tam sim no tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv nws .

Lub neej yuav mus li cas tom ntej nrog qhov xwm txheej no? (Outlook)

Qhov kev xav rau cov neeg uas muaj Ebstein's Anomaly txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau ib tus neeg.Muaj ib txhia menyuam mos uas tsis muaj sia nyob rau qhov mob no. Txawm li cas los xij, lwm tus nyob tau ntev, lub neej zoo li qub yam tsis muaj kev kho mob. Feem ntau, qhov kev cia siab zoo dua rau cov neeg uas muaj mob hnyav dua.

Txawm tias tom qab phais lawm los, qee yam teeb meem plawv tseem yuav muaj. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias lub neej ntev yuav luv me ntsis tom qab phais. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb (uas tau saib cov neeg uas tau phais ntawm xyoo 1972 thiab 2006) tau qhia tias 20 xyoo tom qab phais, 65% ntawm cov neeg tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob vim muaj kab mob plawv tsawg kawg ib zaug, thiab 76% tseem muaj sia nyob.

Tiam sis qhov no tseem ceeb heev: Nrog rau cov txheej txheem phais mob siab heev thiab kev saib xyuas tom qab muaj niaj hnub no, cov txiaj ntsig rau cov neeg uas phais mob niaj hnub no yuav zoo dua.

Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thaum twg?

Yog koj muaj Ebstein's Anomaly, koj yuav tsum qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd yog tias koj cov tsos mob hnyav zuj zus lossis yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob tshiab . Ceev faj txog cov no:

• Yog tias daim tawv nqaij xiav zuj zus tuaj.
• Yog koj xav tias koj lub cev tsis muaj zog lawm.
• Yog koj xav tias koj lub cev puv nrog dej (o).
• Yog tias lub plawv dhia ceev.

Cov lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum coj mus tsev

Ebstein's Anomaly yog ib qho mob plawv uas tsis tshua muaj, yug los. Cov teebmeem ntawm tus mob no txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau ib tus neeg. Yog tias kuaj pom thaum tseem yog menyuam yaus, tus mob feem ntau tsis hnyav heev. Cov neeg uas muaj sia nyob mus txog thaum laus feem ntau muaj tus mob tsis hnyav heev. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv kuj tuaj yeem muaj teeb meem xws li lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem (arrhythmia) thiab lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm raws sijhawm. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, yuav tsum tau phais mob los kho lossis hloov lub tricuspid valve, nrog rau kho lwm yam teeb meem plawv.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog mus kuaj mob tsis tu ncua kom paub txog tej kev hloov pauv hauv koj lub plawv ua haujlwm thiab tau txais kev kho mob zoo sai li sai tau yog tias tsim nyog. Tsis txhob txhawj, cov kws kho mob yeej npaj txhij pab koj.

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