Cia peb kawm txog qhov kev kuaj mob immunophenotyping uas pab txheeb xyuas cov hlwb qog noj ntshav.

Tej zaum koj yuav tsis tau hnov ​​​​​​txog lo lus '(Immunophenotyping)' ua ntej. Tab sis qhov no yog ib qho kev kuaj mob tseem ceeb heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev kuaj mob qee yam kab mob, piv txwv li, leukemia, lymphoma, thiab lwm yam mob qog noj ntshav. Yog li, hnub no peb yuav tham txog qhov kev kuaj mob no hauv txoj kev yooj yim, kom koj nkag siab zoo.

Immunophenotyping yog dab tsi? Cia peb nkag siab yooj yim.

Zoo, tam sim no cia peb saib lo lus "(Immunophenotyping)" no txhais li cas. Txawm hais tias qhov no zoo li yog ib lo lus tshawb fawb me ntsis, zaj dab neeg yeej yooj yim heev.

Lo lus 'Immuno' txhais tau hais tias yog ib yam dab tsi uas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob . Hauv qhov kev xeem no, tus kws kho mob (tus kws kho mob uas tshwj xeeb hauv kev kuaj mob thiab kho cov kab mob) siv lwm hom protein hu ua 'antibodies' los ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los nrhiav cov protein tshwj xeeb hu ua 'antigens' hauv peb cov hlwb. Xav txog cov 'antibodies' no ua tus yuam sij, thiab 'antigens' ua lub xauv. Zoo li lub xauv uas haum rau txhua tus yuam sij, ib qho 'antibody' tshwj xeeb tsuas yog txuas rau ib qho 'antigen' tshwj xeeb xwb. Hauv lwm lo lus, muaj ib hom khub sib phim ntawm ob qho.

Lo lus 'phenotype' txhais tau hais txog cov yam ntxwv uas pom tau sab nraud . Yog li, thaum '(antibody)' ntawd khi rau '(antigen)' uas cuam tshuam, tus kws kho mob paub seb lub cell ntawd puas muaj '(antigen)' ntawd lossis tsis raws li cov cim uas nws qhia.

Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov kev xeem '(Immunophenotyping)' no saib cov cim '(antigens)' no ntawm qhov chaw ntawm peb cov hlwb thiab nrhiav seb cov hlwb ntawd puas yog cov hlwb noj qab haus huv lossis cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov '(antigens)' no tuaj yeem qhia tias nws yog hom hlwb mob qog noj ntshav dab tsi.

Qhov kev kuaj mob no (Immunophenotyping) yuav ua thaum twg?

Muaj ntau qhov xwm txheej uas koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom ua qhov kev kuaj no.

Xav txog koj tus phooj ywg, piv txwv li Nimal, tau nkees thiab qaug zog heev tau ob peb hnub. Thaum tus kws kho mob kuaj ntshav ("Complete Blood Count", lossis "CBC"), nws pom tias nws cov qe ntshav dawb siab dhau lawm. Tom qab ntawd tus kws kho mob yuav xav tias qhov no yuav yog mob qog ntshav. Thaum ntawd nws yuav pom zoo kom ua qhov kev kuaj "Immunophenotyping" no kom paub ntau ntxiv txog qhov tseeb uas tab tom tshwm sim.

Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias:

• Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev suav cov ntshav tag nrho ('(CBC)') qhia tias koj cov qe ntshav dawb siab dhau lawm.
• Yog tias muaj kev xav tias muaj qee hom mob qog ntshav, piv txwv li mob leukemia lossis lymphoma, qhov no tuaj yeem pab kom ze rau kev kuaj mob.

Ntxiv rau qhov ntawd, cov kws tshawb nrhiav kuj siv txoj kev no ntawm "Immunophenotyping" los kawm txog seb cov hlwb qog noj ntshav teb li cas rau cov cim "antigen" tshwj xeeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog "immunotherapy".

Qhov kev xeem no ua haujlwm li cas?

Feem ntau ntawm qhov kev kuaj '(Immunophenotyping)' no tshwm sim hauv chav kuaj mob, tom qab koj tau coj cov qauv ntaub so ntswg lossis cov kua dej los ntawm koj. Hais qhov tseeb, txhua yam koj yuav tsum ua yog muab cov qauv, thiab cov kws tshaj lij hauv chav kuaj mob ua tas li.

Feem ntau cov kws kho mob siv ib txoj kev kuaj mob hu ua "Flow Cytometry" los ua qhov kev kuaj no. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, qee zaum kuj siv ib txoj kev hu ua "Immunohistochemistry - IHC". Cia peb saib ob qho no.

Muaj ob txoj kev tseem ceeb ...

(Flow Cytometry) txoj kev (feem ntau siv txoj kev)

Siv txoj kev no, koj tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas cov qauv ntshav loj lossis cov qe ntshav uas tau los ntawm cov nqaij. Nov yog nws ua haujlwm li cas:

• Kev Sau Cov Qauv: Feem ntau qhov no yuav tsum tau coj cov qauv pob txha los ntawm kev kuaj cov pob txha, lossis me ntsis ntshav. Qee zaum, cov qauv yuav raug coj los ntawm cov kua dej hauv tus txha nqaj qaum lossis cov kua dej hauv lub plab.
• Khaws cov qauv kuaj: Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv chav kuaj npaj cov qauv kuaj rau qhov kev kuaj "Immunophenotyping". Lawv ntxiv qee yam tshuaj rau nws kom tiv thaiv cov cell kom tsis txhob tuag.
• Ntxiv (Antibody): Tom ntej no, lawv ntxiv cov "antibodies" uas lawv tau tsim los khi rau "antigen" uas lawv xav nrhiav. Cov "antibodies" no txuas nrog "fluorescent compound" lossis "immunofluorescence marker". Vim yog lub cim no, thaum "antibody" khi rau "antigen", cov cell tso tawm lub teeb.
• Kev Ua (Flow Cytometry): Tam sim no cov qauv uas tau npaj nrog cov '(antibodies)' raug muab tso rau hauv lub tshuab hu ua '(Flow Cytometer)'. Lub tshuab no muaj cov sensors tshwj xeeb ('detectors'), uas tuaj yeem ntes tau lub teeb los ntawm '(immunofluorescence marker)' ntawd. Yog li, '(Flow Cytometer)' no ntsuas seb muaj pes tsawg lub cell uas tau khi '(antigen-antibody)' (piv txwv li tso tawm lub teeb).

(Immunohistochemistry - IHC) txoj kev

Immunohistochemistry yog ib txoj kev uas tuaj yeem ntes tau qhov muaj cov antigens tshwj xeeb hauv cov qauv ntaub so ntswg. Cov kauj ruam koom nrog hauv chav kuaj mob zoo ib yam li cov hauv kev ntsuas ntshav ntws. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog tias hauv IHC, ib qho enzyme raug ntxiv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv es tsis yog cov tshuaj fluorescent. Cov enzyme no stains cov hlwb nrog ib xim tshwj xeeb yog tias muaj antigen. Yog tias tus kws kho mob pom ib qho stain hauv qab lub tshuab microscope, nws txhais tau tias cov hlwb muaj cov antigen.

Cov kev txwv ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob (Immunophenotyping) no yog dab tsi?

Qhov tsis zoo tshaj plaws yog tias tsis yog txhua lub chaw kuaj mob uas ua qhov kev xeem no muaj tib " cov txheej txheem txheem ." Yog li ntawd, qee zaum yuav muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm cov txiaj ntsig.

Tiam sis muaj ib yam koj yuav tsum nco ntsoovCov kws kho mob tsis kuaj mob raws li cov txiaj ntsig '(Immunophenotyping)' no xwb. Lawv piv rau ntau yam, xws li koj cov tsos mob thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lwm yam kev kuaj mob, kom txog thaum xaus. Qhov no txhais tau tias qhov kev kuaj mob no ib leeg tsis qhia koj tias koj muaj mob qog noj ntshav. Nws tsuas yog ib daim duab loj dua, tsuas yog ib qho chaw uas tuaj yeem pab koj kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv.

Cov txiaj ntsig zoo li cas? Lawv qhia peb li cas?

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia rau koj seb koj cov txiaj ntsig txhais li cas raws li kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj "Immunophenotyping" tsis yog "zoo" lossis "phem" xwb. Nws yuav tsum tau tus kws kho mob uas tau kawm tiav los nkag siab txog "cov ntaub ntawv" uas tsim los ntawm "Flow Cytometer" txog cov qauv thiab txhais tau raws li nws hais.

Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no, nws tshuaj xyuas cov yam xws li:

• Cov qe ntshav dawb yog hom dab tsi?
• Lawv nyob rau theem twg ntawm kev loj hlob?
• Muaj pes tsawg lub cell uas muaj cov antigen uas koj tab tom nrhiav?

Tus kws kho mob muab cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm koj cov qauv piv rau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov neeg noj qab nyob zoo uas tsis muaj mob qog noj ntshav, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov neeg uas muaj ib hom mob leukemia lossis lymphoma. Siv cov qauv no thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lwm yam kev kuaj, nws txiav txim siab seb koj yuav muaj mob qog noj ntshav npaum li cas.

Kuv yuav tsum hu rau kuv tus kws kho mob thaum twg?

Yog tias koj muaj lus nug lossis kev txhawj xeeb txog koj cov txiaj ntsig lossis lawv txhais li cas, nco ntsoov hu rau koj tus kws kho mob . Immunophenotyping yog kev kuaj mob hauv chaw kuaj mob uas saib cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cell. Tab sis koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem piav qhia tias nws cuam tshuam li cas rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv hauv cov lus yooj yim.

Tej zaum koj tsis hnov ​​mob dab tsi li, thiab koj xav tsis thoob thaum pom tias koj cov qe ntshav dawb siab heev thaum kuaj ntshav tas li ("CBC"). Los yog tej zaum koj tsis xis nyob tau ib ntus lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiaj ntsig "CBC" ntawd tsuas yog thawj kauj ruam hauv kev xam seb muaj dab tsi tshwm sim, yog li koj yuav tsum ua siab ntev.

Koj cov hlwb muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Kev kuaj mob Immunophenotyping yog ib qho kev kuaj uas saib koj cov hlwb thiab qhia koj txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Thaum lub sijhawm zoo li no, kev tos cov txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem ua rau ntshai thiab ntxhov siab heev. Yog tias koj xav tau kev txhawb nqa kev xav, tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj, tsis txhob yig nug.

Cov yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas peb yuav tsum kawm los ntawm qhov no

Zoo, yog li cia peb sau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov txog qhov kev xeem '(Immunophenotyping)' uas peb tau tham txog hnub no.

• Qhov no yog ib qho kev kuaj mob tshwj xeeb hauv chav kuaj. Nws feem ntau pab kuaj mob qog noj ntshav xws li mob ntshav dawb thiab mob qog ntshav qis.
• Qhov no ua tiav los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov protein tshwj xeeb hu ua "antigens" ntawm qhov chaw ntawm peb cov hlwb.
• Ob txoj kev siv ntau tshaj plaws yog "Flow cytometry" thiab "Immunohistochemistry - IHC".
• Cov txiaj ntsig nyuaj me ntsis, yog li tus kws kho mob pathologist thiaj li tshuaj xyuas lawv.
• Nco ntsoov qhov no: Tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem qhia koj tias koj muaj mob qog noj ntshav tsuas yog saib cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob no xwb. Nws tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem kuaj mob xwb.
• Yog koj muaj lus nug txog cov txiaj ntsig, tsis txhob ntshai nug koj tus kws kho mob. Lawv yeej npaj siab pab koj.

Kev kuaj mob immunophenotyping, mob qog noj ntshav, mob leukemia, lymphoma, kev kuaj ntshav, cov cell, cov antigens