Koj puas muaj ib tug pog lossis yawg nyob hauv tsev uas yws tias lawv lub qhov muag tsis meej thiab txhua yam tsis meej? Los yog koj tus kheej puas pom tias nws nyuaj rau nyeem ntawv xov xwm lossis saib koj lub xov tooj thaum koj laus zuj zus? Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau qhov no tuaj yeem yog "cataracts". Yog li hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib yam me me tab sis tseem ceeb heev uas tau ntxig rau hauv peb lub qhov muag thaum lub sijhawm phais. Ntawd yog lub lens intraocular, lossis raws li peb hu nws hauv kev kho mob, Intraocular Lenses, lossis IOLs luv.
Cov IOLs no yog dab tsi? Hais yooj yim xwb...
Xav txog koj lub qhov muag zoo li lub koob yees duab zoo. Lub koob yees duab no muaj lub lens ntuj. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub lens no yog tsom lub teeb los ntawm cov khoom peb pom thiab muab ib daim duab meej rau ntawm retina hauv lub qhov muag. Raws li lub sijhawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum peb laus zuj zus, lub lens ntuj no maj mam pib pos huab thiab dhau los ua mis nyuj. Qhov ntawd yog qhov peb hu ua "cataract."
Tam sim no xav txog seb yuav ua li cas yog tias lub koob yees duab lub lens qias neeg, muaj plua plav, khawb, thiab tsis meej? Cov duab koj thaij tsis meej, puas yog? Qhov ntawd yog qhov tshwm sim thaum koj muaj cataract. Yog li, qhov koj ua nrog kev phais yog tshem tawm lub lens ntuj uas tsis meej thiab hloov nws nrog lub lens cuav uas tuaj yeem nyob hauv lub qhov muag mus ib txhis . Lub lens cuav ntawd yog qhov peb hu ua IOL .
Cov iav IOL no tsis yog tsuas yog kho tau qhov muag cataracts xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj ntau lwm yam teeb meem pom kev uas koj tuaj yeem kho nrog tsom iav lossis iav sib cuag.
- Myopia: Pom tej yam ze meej, tab sis pom tej yam deb tsis meej.
- Pom kev ze (Hyperopia): Pom kev meej ntawm qhov deb, tab sis muaj teeb meem nyeem cov khoom ze, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov phau ntawv.
- Presbyopia: Ib qho mob uas cuam tshuam rau ntau tus neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 40 xyoo, xav tau tsom iav rau kev pom ze.
- Astigmatism: Ib qho mob uas lub teeb tsis tsom mus rau ib qho chaw, ua rau pom kev tsis meej, vim muaj kev hloov me ntsis ntawm cov duab ntawm lub qhov muag.
Thaum koj muaj cov iav IOL no hauv koj lub qhov muag lawm, lawv yuav siv tau mus ib txhis. Yog li ntawd, koj thiaj li txo tau koj txoj kev vam khom rau cov tsom iav.
Leej twg xav tau cov IOL lens no?
Ob pawg neeg tseem ceeb tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov IOL lenses no.
1. Rau cov neeg uas muaj cataracts: Yog tias cataract tau loj hlob mus txog qhov uas nws cuam tshuam rau koj qhov pom kev, nws yuav tsum tau phais tshem tawm. Tom qab tshem tawm, yuav luag yuav tsum tau cog lub lens IOL rau hauv lub qhov muag. Txwv tsis pub, qhov muag yuav tsis pom kev zoo. Qhov no yog vim li cas feem ntau IOL implants raug ua hauv Sri Lanka.
2. Rau cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem pom kev tab sis tsis haum rau kev phais xws li LASIK:Muaj ib txhia neeg muaj teeb meem pom kev uas yuav tsum tau siv tsom iav, tab sis lawv yuav tsis muaj peev xwm phais qhov muag siv laser (LASIK). Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, kev phais hloov lub lens refractive, uas yog tshem lub lens ntuj thiab cog lub IOL, ua tau.
Cov iav IOL muaj hom dab tsi? Hom twg yog qhov zoo rau koj?
Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem uas ntau tus neeg muaj. Muaj ntau hom IOLs. Txhua tus muaj nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Nrog rau qee lub lens, koj tseem yuav xav tau tsom iav rau tej yam xws li nyeem phau ntawv lossis ntawv xov xwm. Qee lub lens "premium" tuaj yeem txo koj qhov kev vam khom rau tsom iav, tab sis lawv kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv xws li lub teeb ci ntsa iab thiab halos nyob ib puag ncig lub teeb taub hau thaum tsav tsheb thaum hmo ntuj.
Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nrog koj tus kws kho qhov muag tham thiab xaiv lub lens uas haum rau koj txoj kev ua neej, kev xav tau, thiab kev nyiam.
Yuav kom yooj yim to taub, cia peb saib cov hom lens tseem ceeb hauv ib lub rooj.
| Hom Lens | Zoo nkauj tshaj plaws. | Cov yam tseem ceeb / qhov tsis zoo |
|---|---|---|
| Monofocal | Muab kev pom tseeb heev ntawm ib qho deb xwb (deb, nruab nrab, lossis ze). | Feem ntau kho kom pom kev deb. Tom qab ntawd, rau kev pom kev ze (nyeem ntawv, xov koob) , yuav tsum hnav ib khub tsom iav . Qhov no yog hom siv feem ntau, pheej yig tshaj plaws. |
| Ntau lub zeem muag | Muab kev pom kev zoo rau ob qho tib si deb thiab ze. | Txo kev vam khom tsom iav. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav pom cov halos lossis lub teeb ci ntsa iab nyob ib puag ncig lub teeb thaum hmo ntuj. Nws yuav siv sijhawm rau lub hlwb kom hloov kho rau qhov no. |
| EDOF (Kev Ncua Qhov Tob ntawm Kev Pom) | Muab kev pom kev zoo rau qhov deb thiab qhov nruab nrab (piv txwv li lub vijtsam computer). | Tej zaum koj tseem yuav tsum tau tsom iav kom pom kev ze (nyeem cov ntawv me me). Muaj qhov ci tsawg dua li cov iav ntau lub teeb. |
| Toric | Qhov no tsis yog ib hom sib cais. Nws yog ib lub lens tshwj xeeb uas siv los kho qhov astigmatism rau cov neeg uas muaj qhov tsis zoo no. | Kho qhov astigmatism, ua rau pom kev meej dua thiab pom tseeb dua. Qhov no ua tau nrog monofocal, multifocal, lossis EDOF lenses. |
| Pab tau yooj yim | Nws ua haujlwm nrog cov leeg ntawm lub qhov muag los sim kho kom pom deb thiab ze, ib yam li peb lub lens ntuj. | Txo kev vam khom tsom iav. Txawm li cas los xij, tej zaum yuav xav tau tsom iav thaum nyeem ntawv ntev. |
Lwm hom lens tshwj xeeb
- Cov tsom iav uas kho tau lub teeb (LALs): Cov no txawv me ntsis. Tom qab phais, koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem siv ntau yam kev kho mob ultraviolet (UV) tshwj xeeb los hloov lub zog ntawm cov tsom iav no kom muab qhov pom kev uas koj xav tau. Cov no kuj yog monofocal, yog li koj yuav tsum tau tsom iav rau qhov pom kev ze.
- Cov Lens Phakic: Cov no feem ntau yog siv rau cov tub ntxhais hluas. Lub lens ntuj tsis raug tshem tawm. Hloov chaw, lub lens no raug cog rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub lens ntuj. Lawv yog siv los kho qhov muag tsis pom kev ze rau cov neeg uas tsis haum rau kev kho mob laser.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog, tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi hu ua "lub lens zoo tshaj plaws." Tsuas muaj "lub lens uas haum rau koj zoo tshaj plaws." Nws nyob ntawm seb koj lub qhov muag noj qab haus huv li cas, koj tej dej num txhua hnub, thiab koj tej kev cia siab.
Xav ua ntej koj nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham.
Ua ntej koj mus ntsib koj tus kws phais qhov muag, nug koj tus kheej cov lus nug no. Ces koj yuav muaj lub tswv yim meej txog yam koj xav tau.
- Puas muaj tej lub sij hawm kuv nyiam hnav tsom iav? Yog tias muaj, rau lub hom phiaj dab tsi? (piv txwv li, tsuas yog nyeem phau ntawv xwb? Los yog txhua lub sijhawm?)
- Kuv txoj haujlwm xav tau kev pom kev zoo li cas? Kuv puas saib computer tas hnub? Yog li, puas zoo rau kuv hnav tsom iav rau txoj haujlwm ntawd?
- Kuv puas feem ntau tsav tsheb thaum hmo ntuj?Yog li, kuv puas tuaj yeem siv tau los pom cov nplhaib ci ntsa iab nyob ib puag ncig lub teeb?
- Kuv nyiam ua dab tsi? Kuv puas yog ib tug neeg ua tej hauj lwm me me xws li xaws khaub ncaws lossis kos duab? Los yog kuv puas yog ib tug neeg uas ua si kis las lossis nyiam nyob sab nraum zoov? Cov tsom iav yuav cuam tshuam rau cov dej num no npaum li cas?
- Kuv cov peev nyiaj rau kev phais mob yog dab tsi? Hauv tsev kho mob tsoomfwv, cov iav monofocal feem ntau muab pub dawb. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum tau them ntxiv rau cov iav tshwj xeeb xws li multifocals. Hauv tsev kho mob ntiag tug, tus nqi sib txawv heev nyob ntawm hom iav. Nco ntsoov paub txog qhov ntawd ua ntej.
Cov teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim nrog IOL implantation yog dab tsi?
Kev cog IOL feem ntau yog ib qho kev phais mob uas ua tau zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, ib yam li lwm yam kev phais mob, muaj qee qhov teeb meem tsis tshua muaj uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Cov no tsis yog ib yam dab tsi uas yuav tsum ntshai, tab sis nws yog ib qho zoo kom paub txog lawv.
- Kev Qhib Qhov Muag Tom Qab: Qhov no kuj hu ua "cataract thib ob." Ob peb lub hlis lossis ntau xyoo tom qab phais, ib txheej nyias nyias ntawm qhov tsis pom kev tshwm sim tom qab koj lub IOL. Qhov no yog ib qho tshwm sim ntau heev. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau koj qhov muag tsis meej me ntsis dua. Qhov no yooj yim heev rau kev kho. Feem ntau, txheej txheej no tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm hauv tsev kho mob hauv ob peb feeb siv lub teeb laser, ua rau koj pom kev meej dua.
- IOL dislocation: Lub lens uas muab tso rau hauv lub qhov muag txav mus rau qhov chaw tsis zoo. Qhov no yog ib qho tshwm sim tsawg heev. Qhov kev pheej hmoo siab dua me ntsis rau cov neeg uas muaj qee yam mob qhov muag lossis cov neeg uas tau raug mob hnyav rau lub qhov muag.
- UGH syndrome (Uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema syndrome): Ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim los ntawm IOL lens ntaus rau qee qhov ntawm lub qhov muag, xws li iris.
- IOL opacification: Ua rau lub lens cuav tsis khov. Qhov no tsis tshua muaj rau cov lens niaj hnub no.
- Kev Xav Tsis Thoob Txog Kev Pom Kev Tsis Zoo: Tom qab phais lawm, koj qhov muag yuav tsis pom kev zoo li koj thiab koj tus kws kho mob tau xav tseg. Hauv qhov no, koj tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia koj cov kev xaiv, xws li lees txais qhov muag raws li nws yog, lossis siv tsom iav, kho mob laser, lossis hloov IOL.
Yog koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog ib qho ntawm cov no, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham ua ntej phais. Nws yuav piav qhia txog cov kev pheej hmoo rau koj raws li koj keeb kwm kev kho mob thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm qhov muag.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Lub IOL (Intraocular Lens) yog ib lub lens cuav uas muab cog rau hauv koj lub qhov muag los hloov koj lub lens ntuj uas tsis pom tseeb thaum lub sijhawm phais mob cataract.
- Muaj ntau hom IOLs sib txawv, xws li monofocal (rau ib qho deb), multifocal (rau qhov deb thiab ze), EDOF, thiab toric (rau astigmatism).
- Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov xaiv "lub lens zoo tshaj plaws" yog xaiv "lub lens uas haum rau koj zoo tshaj plaws."
- Tham nrog koj tus kws phais qhov muag txog koj txoj kev ua neej (kev ua haujlwm, kev nyiam ua si, kev tsav tsheb) thiab kev cia siab rau qhov muag.
- To taub qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm txhua hom lens (piv txwv li, ci ntsa iab thaum hmo ntuj, xav tau tsom iav).
- Txawm hais tias tej yam teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog lawv thiab nug koj tus kws kho mob txhua yam lus nug uas koj muaj.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus