Peb ua haujlwm hnyav heev txhua hnub, puas yog? Tiamsis koj puas paub tias thaum koj ua tej yam no, muaj ob lub raum zoo kawg nkaus hauv koj lub cev uas ua haujlwm ntsiag to, 24 teev hauv ib hnub, tsis nres ib pliag? Cov ntawd yog peb lub raum. Hais yooj yim, cov no yog lub 'lim dej' muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv peb lub cev. Yog tias cov no nres, peb lub cev tag nrho yuav ua qias neeg. Yog li, cia peb tham txog cov raum zoo nkauj no hnub no.
Hais yooj yim xwb, lub raum yog dab tsi?
Cov raum yog ob lub cev zoo li taum pauv, loj li peb xib teg. Lawv nyob rau ob sab ntawm peb tus txha nqaj qaum, hauv qab nraub qaum, hauv qab lub tav. Lawv yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm peb txoj kev tso zis.
Xav txog seb, koj lub raum lim dej li ntawm 180-190 liv dej txhua hnub . Qhov ntawd txaus kom puv ib lub dab da dej loj! Thaum lub sijhawm lim dej no, cov khoom pov tseg thiab cov tshuaj lom raug cais thiab tso tawm ntawm lub cev ua zis (peb hu ua ' zis '). Feem ntau peb tso tawm li ntawm 1.5 - 2 liv dej txhua hnub. Thiab cov kua dej uas tau lim lawm ne? Peb lub cev siv nws dua. Nws puas zoo kawg nkaus?
Ntxiv rau qhov ntawd, lub raum kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj kom muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov kua dej thiab cov zaub mov tseem ceeb hu ua electrolytes (xws li sodium thiab potassium) hauv peb lub cev.
Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub raum yog dab tsi?
Lub raum tsis yog tsuas yog lub tshuab lim ntshav xwb. Muaj ntau yam ntxiv rau ob lub cev me me no dua li ntawd. Cia peb saib cov yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
| Kev Ua Haujlwm | Ib qho lus piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Kev lim dej khib nyiab | Nws tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg thiab cov kua qaub uas tsis zoo ntawm cov ntshav, xws li urea thiab creatinine, thiab tso tawm ua zis. Kwv yees li ib nrab khob ntshav raug ntxuav ua li no ib feeb. |
| Tswj cov ntshav siab | Nws tsim cov protein hu ua renin, uas pab tswj cov ntshav siab kom nyob rau theem uas xav tau. |
| Kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones | Cov raum tsim cov vitamin D (calcitriol), uas pab lub cev nqus calcium. Lawv kuj tsim cov tshuaj hormones hu ua erythropoietin, uas ua rau cov pob txha ua cov qe ntshav liab. |
| Kev sib npaug ntawm cov kua qaub thiab cov hauv paus (pH) hauv lub cev | Nws pab tswj kom muaj qib acidity hauv peb cov ntshav, tiv thaiv nws kom tsis txhob nce ntxiv. |
| Kev tsim cov suab thaj | Yog tias lub cev cov piam thaj poob qis dhau, lub raum tuaj yeem tsim qee cov piam thaj (glucose) yog tias xav tau. |
Cov txheej txheem 'lim ntshav' no tshwm sim li cas?
Qhov no yog ib qho txheej txheem nyuaj heev, tab sis zoo kawg nkaus. Hauv txhua lub raum, muaj ntau tshaj ib lab lub tshuab lim dej me me hu ua nephrons . Nws zoo li lub lim tshuaj yej uas lim cov nplooj tshuaj yej. Muaj ob feem tseem ceeb rau txhua lub nephron:
- Glomerulus: Qhov no yog thawj 'lim'. Thaum cov ntshav hla dhau lub network ntawm cov hlab ntsha me me no, cov khoom xws li dej, cov khib nyiab, thiab cov ntsev raug lim tawm.
- Cov raj xa dej raum: Thaum cov kua dej uas lub glomerulus lim dhau los ntawm cov raj no, lub cev rov nqus cov dej, cov as-ham, thiab cov zaub mov uas nws xav tau . Tsuas yog cov khoom pov tseg, dej ntxiv, thiab cov kua qaub xwb thiaj li raug tso tawm ua zis.
Cov mob dab tsi uas feem ntau cuam tshuam rau lub raum?
Tu siab kawg li, muaj ntau yam mob uas ua rau peb cov kab mob no puas tsuaj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub txog qee yam ntawm cov no.
- Kab Mob Raum Ntev (CKD): Qhov no yog ib qho mob uas lub raum maj mam poob lawv txoj haujlwm raws sijhawm. Feem ntau, cov ua rau mob yog ntshav qab zib tsis tswj tau thiab ntshav siab .
- Kev Ua Tsis Taus Mob Raum: Kev ua tsis tau haujlwm ntawm lub raum tam sim ntawd (mob hnyav) lossis ntev (mob ntev). Qhov no yog ib qho mob hnyav heev.
- Pob Zeb Raum: Cov ntsev ntxhia hauv cov zis sib sau ua tej daim me me zoo li pob zeb. Yog tias cov no nyob hauv txoj hlab zis, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau mob heev.
- Kab mob raum:Tus mob no tshwm sim thaum cov kab mob mus rau hauv txoj hlab zis thiab nkag mus rau hauv lub raum.
- Kab mob raum polycystic (PKD): Qhov no yog ib qho mob uas los ntawm noob caj noob ces. Muaj ntau lub cysts uas muaj kua dej (cysts) tshwm sim hauv lub raum. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.
- Mob Cancer Raum: Mob cancer tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum cov hlwb raum loj hlob tsis zoo.
Cov tsos mob dab tsi uas ua rau muaj kev xav tias muaj kab mob raum?
Qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws nrog ntau yam kab mob raum yog tias lawv tsis qhia cov tsos mob pom tseeb thaum ntxov . Rau ntau tus neeg, cov tsos mob no tsuas yog tshwm sim thaum tus kab mob hnyav dua me ntsis. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ceev faj me ntsis txog cov no.
- O ntawm ob txhais ceg, pob luj taws, thiab lub ntsej muag: Thaum lub raum tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kua dej thiab sodium ntau dhau, dej yuav sib sau ua ke hauv lub cev thiab ua rau o. Yuav tsum txhawj xeeb tshwj xeeb yog tias koj pom o nyob ib ncig ntawm koj lub qhov muag thaum koj sawv thaum sawv ntxov.
- Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov zis:
- Tso zis ntau zaus (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum hmo ntuj).
- Ntshav nyob rau hauv cov zis (cov zis yuav zoo li xim liab los yog xim av tsaus).
- Cov zis ua npuas ncauj (qhov no yuav qhia tau tias muaj protein ntau dhau raug tso tawm hauv cov zis).
- Tawv nqaij khaus thiab qhuav: Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum cov khoom pov tseg sib sau ua ke hauv cov ntshav thiab cuam tshuam rau daim tawv nqaij.
- Qaug zog thiab tsis muaj zog tas li: Thaum cov tshuaj hormones tsim cov qe ntshav liab (erythropoietin) txo qis, ntshav tsis txaus tuaj yeem tshwm sim thiab ua rau qaug zog.
- Tsis qab los noj mov, xeev siab, thiab ntuav: Cov tsos mob no tshwm sim thaum cov khoom pov tseg xws li urea nce ntxiv hauv cov ntshav.
- Mob nqaij thiab mob nqaij: Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum electrolyte sib npaug raug cuam tshuam.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias yog koj muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no, tsis txhob ntshai thiab mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd kom tau txais lus qhia . Tsis txhob tsuas yog kwv yees xwb.
Yuav kuaj dab tsi los xyuas seb kuv ob lub raum puas noj qab nyob zoo?
Muaj ob peb yam kev kuaj yooj yim uas koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem ua tau los xyuas seb koj lub raum noj qab haus huv li cas.
| Kev Ntsuas | Koj pom dab tsi hauv qhov no? |
|---|---|
| Kev kuaj zis | Cov zis raug kuaj seb puas muaj cov protein, ntshav, thiab qab zib. Feem ntau cov no tsis zoo kom muaj nyob hauv cov zis. |
| Kev Ntsuas Ntshav | Tshwj xeeb, qib ntawm cov creatinine hauv cov ntshav raug ntsuas. Creatinine yog cov khoom pov tseg. Yog tias nws siab hauv cov ntshav, nws txhais tau tias lub raum tsis tau lim nws kom zoo. |
| Kev Ntsuas Ultrasound | Qhov no pab kom pom qhov loj me, cov duab, thiab qhov muaj pob zeb lossis qog hauv lub raum. |
| Kev kuaj mob raum | Tsuas yog thaum tsim nyog xwb, tus kws kho mob yuav muab ib daim nqaij me me ntawm lub raum thiab kuaj xyuas nws hauv qab lub tshuab kuaj mob. |
Tej yam peb ua tau kom peb ob lub raum noj qab nyob zoo
Zoo dua los tiv thaiv kab mob raum dua li raug mob thaum nws loj hlob tuaj. Siv cov cwj pwm yooj yim no rau hauv koj lub neej.
- Haus dej txaus: Haus tsawg kawg 8-10 khob dej ib hnub. Qhov no pab cov raum lim cov khib nyiab tau yooj yim.
- Tswj koj cov ntshav siab thiab ntshav qab zib: Yog tias koj muaj cov mob no, noj cov tshuaj uas koj tus kws kho mob sau ntawv kom raug. Ob yam no yog cov yeeb ncuab loj tshaj plaws ntawm lub raum.
- Txo kev noj ntsev: Txo cov ntsev uas koj ntxiv rau hauv koj cov zaub mov. Cov zaub mov ntim thiab cov zaub mov ceev ceev muaj ntsev ntau.
- Tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntau zaus: Kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob tas li, tshwj xeeb yog cov NSAIDs (piv txwv li, Ibuprofen, Diclofenac), yam tsis tau txais kev qhia los ntawm kws kho mob, tuaj yeem ua rau lub raum puas tsuaj.
- Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb: Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau cov hlab ntsha uas xa ntshav mus rau lub raum puas tsuaj.
- Tswj koj lub cev kom muaj qhov hnyav zoo: Ua si nawv tsis tu ncua. Noj zaub mov kom zoo.
- Tau txais kev kuaj mob:Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj kab mob raum, lossis yog tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib lossis ntshav siab, mus kuaj koj lub raum ua haujlwm tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Koj lub raum yog ob lub cev loj uas lim cov khib nyiab tawm ntawm lub cev, tswj cov ntshav siab, thiab ua ntau lwm yam haujlwm tseem ceeb.
- Kab mob ntshav qab zib thiab ntshav siab yog ob yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau lub raum puas. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tswj cov no kom zoo.
- Yuav tsum paub txog cov tsos mob xws li ob txhais ceg o, cov zis hloov pauv, thiab qaug zog heev. Yog tias koj tsis paub meej, nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.
- Haus dej txaus, txo kev noj ntsev, thiab tsis txhob noj tshuaj tua kab mob ntxiv yam tsis tau kev qhia los ntawm kws kho mob yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub raum.
- Nws yog ib qho kev coj ua zoo los xyuas kom koj lub raum noj qab haus huv tas li, tshwj xeeb yog tias koj muaj cov yam ntxwv uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus