Puas yog qhov muag pom kev puas zuj zus thaum peb laus zuj zus? Cia peb tham txog Macular Degeneration (AMD)!

Koj puas tau muaj ib qho kev paub txawv txawv thaum koj nyeem ntawv xov xwm lossis saib ib tug neeg lub ntsej muag, qhov uas koj tsuas pom cov npoo xwb, tsis pom qhov nruab nrab? Tej zaum cov kab ncaj uas koj pom, zoo li cov thav qhov rais, zoo li ncab thiab ntsws? Cov no tsis yog tej yam uas tsis tau xav txog. Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob qhov muag uas ntau tus neeg muaj tom qab hnub nyoog 50-60 xyoo. Qhov ntawd yog qhov peb tab tom tham txog hnub no.

Hais yooj yim xwb, Macular Degeneration yog dab tsi?

Macular degeneration yog ib yam kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau qhov pom kev hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub qhov muag, uas yog, yam peb pom thaum peb saib ncaj qha mus rau pem hauv ntej. Feem ntau nws tshwm sim ntau dua thaum peb laus zuj zus. Yog li ntawd, nws tseem hu ua age-related macular degeneration lossis "Age-Related Macular Degeneration" lossis "(AMD)".

Xav txog peb lub qhov muag zoo li lub koob yees duab. Sab hauv lub qhov muag, tom qab, muaj ib feem hu ua 'retina'. Qhov ntawd yog qhov ua haujlwm zoo li 'sensor' ntawm lub koob yees duab. Nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm 'retina' no, qhov chaw me me tseem ceeb uas ntes tau cov ntsiab lus zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov duab meej tshaj plaws ntawm qhov peb pom hu ua 'macula'. Peb nyeem ib phau ntawv, paub ib tug neeg, tsav tsheb, thiab qhov no hu ua 'macula' pab peb nrog txhua yam no.

Hauv qhov mob macular degeneration, qhov chaw hu ua 'macula' raug puas tsuaj. Tom qab ntawd, peb qhov kev pom kev hauv nruab nrab yuav tsis muaj zog. Tab sis hauv qhov no, peb tsis dig muag tag nrho. Kev pom kev sab nraud tseem zoo. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias txawm tias qhov peb saib ncaj qha zoo li tsis meej, cov khoom nyob ib puag ncig peb tuaj yeem pom tau li qub.

Tus mob no tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau ib lub qhov muag xwb, lossis nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ob lub qhov muag. Qee zaum qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob hauv ob lub qhov muag kuj tuaj yeem sib txawv.

Leej twg yuav muaj tus mob no ntau dua? (Cov yam ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo)

Raws li lub npe qhia, kev laus yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo. Qhov kev pheej hmoo no nce ntxiv tom qab muaj hnub nyoog 50-60 xyoo. Tab sis muaj ntau lwm yam ntxiv rau qhov ntawd.

• Keeb kwm tsev neeg: Yog tias koj niam, txiv, lossis kwv tij neej tsa tau muaj tus kab mob no, koj yuav muaj feem yuav mob thiab.
• Haus Luam Yeeb: Cov neeg uas haus luam yeeb muaj feem yuav mob no ntau dua.
• Rog dhau: Nws tseem ceeb heev kom tswj tau qhov hnyav ntawm lub cev kom noj qab nyob zoo.
• Ntshav Siab (Hypertension): Yog tias koj muaj ntshav siab, kev tswj nws kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau koj lub qhov muag.
• Cov Khoom Noj Tsis Zoo Rau Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv: Nws kuj tsis zoo rau kev noj cov khoom noj uas muaj roj ntau, xws li roj, cov khoom noj kib, thiab cov khoom noj ceev ceev.
• Cov Neeg Dawb: Kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias cov neeg dawb muaj feem yuav mob no ntau dua li lwm tus.

Muaj ob hom mob macular degeneration tseem ceeb:

Tus mob no muaj ob hom loj: qhuav thiab ntub.

Cia peb kawm txog cov theem ntawm tus kab mob.

Muaj peb theem tseem ceeb ntawm qhov muag qhuav. Cov tsos mob feem ntau tshwm sim rau theem tom qab, tab sis tus kws kho qhov muag tuaj yeem pom cov kev hloov pauv no thaum ntxov thaum kuaj xyuas.

1. Theem Thaum Ntxov: Kev hloov pauv hauv macula tau pib lawm, tab sis qhov muag tsis pom kev.

2. Theem nruab nrab: Pom kev tsis meej me ntsis, cov kab wrinkles pib tshwm sim.

3. Lig/Tshaj Lawm: Pom kev nruab nrab yuav luag ploj tag.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no yog dab tsi?

Muaj coob tus neeg tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi thaum pib mob. Cov tsos mob no tsuas yog pib tshwm sim thaum tus kab mob hnyav dua. Saib seb koj puas muaj cov tsos mob no.

• Pom kev tsis zoo thaum muaj teeb tsawg: Pom kev tsis zoo thaum hmo ntuj thaum tsis muaj teeb ntau hauv tsev.
• Pom kev tsis meej: Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias tsis meej pem hauv nruab nrab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nyeem ntawv lossis saib lub ntsej muag.
• Kev hloov pauv ntawm kev pom xim: Cov xim yuav zoo li tsaus dua thiab tsis sib xws.
• Cov kab ncaj: Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev . Yog tias cov khoom ncaj xws li cov thav qhov rais, cov thav qhov rooj, thiab cov kab vuas zoo li raug ntswj thiab ncab, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej nws.
• Pom cov xim dub lossis qhov chaw khoob hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov pom kev: Pom ib qho xim dub lossis qhov chaw khoob hauv nruab nrab ntawm ib yam dab tsi uas koj tab tom saib.

Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho qhov muag tam sim ntawd .

Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj pom qhov no li cas?

Vim tias macular degeneration feem ntau tsis muaj tsos mob thaum ntxov, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas koj ob lub qhov muag txhua xyoo , tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 50 xyoo. Qhov no tso cai rau koj tus kws kho mob kuaj pom tus kab mob thaum ntxov thiab pib kho sai.

Thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob, nws yuav kuaj koj lub retina thiab macula seb puas muaj kev hloov pauv. Nws yuav ua ib lossis ntau qhov kev kuaj hauv qab no.

• Kev kuaj Amsler grid: Qhov no yog ib daim grid uas muaj ib daim grid rau ntawm nws. Muaj ib lub cim loj nyob hauv nruab nrab. Tus kws kho mob yuav hais kom koj saib daim grid thiab saib seb puas muaj cov kab uas ncab, tawg, lossis tsis meej. Qhov no tuaj yeem muab lub tswv yim rau koj seb koj puas muaj tus kab mob lossis nws puas hnyav. Koj kuj tseem siv tau qhov no los saib xyuas koj qhov kev pom kev hauv tsev.
• Kev kuaj qhov muag kom dav: Tus kws kho mob yuav siv cov tshuaj qhov muag los ua kom koj lub qhov muag dav thiab lub lens tshwj xeeb los saib sab hauv koj lub qhov muag.
• Kev kuaj mob fluorescein angiography: Ib qho xim daj raug txhaj rau hauv cov leeg ntshav hauv caj npab, thiab lub koob yees duab tshwj xeeb thaij duab ntawm cov xim thaum nws mus ncig los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub qhov muag. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab txiav txim siab seb puas muaj ntshav lossis kua dej ntws hauv qab macula.
• Optical coherence tomography (OCT): Qhov no zoo li thaij duab sab hauv koj lub qhov muag. Nws tsis mob. Thaum koj saib rau hauv lub lens ntawm lub tshuab, nws thaij tau cov duab peb-seem (3D) meej heev ntawm qhov seem ntawm retina thiab macula hauv koj lub qhov muag.

Cov kev kho mob yog dab tsi?

Kev kho mob nyob ntawm seb koj muaj hom twg.

Kev kho mob rau hom qhuav

Tsis muaj kev kho mob tshwj xeeb rau hom mob qhuav no. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb loj hu ua "AREDS" thiab "AREDS2" tau pom tias kev noj cov vitamins thiab minerals tshwj xeeb ua ke tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb qeeb ntawm tus kab mob. Cov tshuaj noj haus no feem ntau muaj:

• Vitamin C
• Vitamin E
• Lutein
• Zeaxanthin
• Zinc
• Tooj liab

Koj yuav tsum nrog koj tus kws kho qhov muag tham seb koj puas yuav tsum noj cov no thiab noj ntau npaum li cas. Tsis txhob noj cov vitamins koj tus kheej xwb.

Kev Kho Mob Rau Hom Ntub Dej

Vim tias hom ntub dej no hnyav heev, nws yuav tsum tau kho sai sai.

• Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv VEGF: Qhov no yog txoj kev kho mob tseem ceeb thiab zoo tshaj plaws uas muaj. Qhov no yog ib yam tshuaj uas thaiv ib qho protein hu ua VEGF, uas ua rau cov hlab ntsha tshiab tsis muaj zog loj hlob hauv lub qhov muag. Tus kws kho mob yuav ua rau lub qhov muag tsis muaj zog thiab txhaj tshuaj yam tsis mob . Cov tshuaj no qee zaum tuaj yeem kho qee qhov kev pom kev uas tau ploj mus.
• Kev kho mob Photodynamic (PDT): Qhov no suav nrog kev txhaj tshuaj uas rhiab rau lub teeb rau hauv cov leeg ntshav thiab tom qab ntawd xa ib lub teeb laser tshwj xeeb mus rau hauv lub qhov muag kom rhuav tshem cov hlab ntsha tshiab uas tsis xav tau.
• Laser photocoagulation: Ib lub teeb laser muaj zog heev siv los kaw/rhuav tshem cov hlab ntsha uas los ntshav. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv cov txheej txheem no tau txo qis ntau txij li thaum muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshiab 'Anti-VEGF'.

Peb yuav tiv thaiv peb tus kheej li cas ntawm qhov xwm txheej no?

Txawm hais tias nws tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau tag nrho los xij, muaj ntau yam uas peb tuaj yeem ua tau los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo.

• Yog koj haus luam yeeb, tsum tam sim ntawd. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas koj ua tau.
• Tswj koj qhov hnyav kom noj qab nyob zoo.
• Ua si nawv tsis tu ncua.
• Tswj koj cov ntshav siab thiab cov roj cholesterol kom zoo.
• Noj zaub mov kom zoo. Noj zaub ntsuab, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab ntses ntau dua (tshwj xeeb yog ntses uas muaj roj ntau xws li ntses salmon thiab ntses mackerel).
• Hnav cov tsom iav uas tiv thaiv tau UV zoo thaum mus sab nraum zoov.

Kev tsis pom kev zoo hauv nruab nrab tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau cov dej num niaj hnub. Nws tuaj yeem nyuaj rau nyeem phau ntawv, paub lub ntsej muag, thiab tsav tsheb. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab thiab ntxhov siab. Nyob rau lub sijhawm zoo li no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nrhiav kev txhawb nqa los ntawm tsev neeg thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, nrhiav kev kho mob.