Yog tias koj tau saib daim ntawv qhia txog kev kuaj ntshav, tej zaum koj tau pom ntau lub npe. Ntawm lawv, qhov uas koj nyiam yog 'Monocytes'. Tej zaum koj tus kws kho mob hais ib yam dab tsi txog nws, lossis koj yuav xav tsis thoob tias nws yog dab tsi. Yog li, cov monocytes no yog dab tsi? Lawv tseem ceeb npaum li cas rau peb lub cev? Hnub no, peb yuav tham txog lawv hauv txoj kev yooj yim uas koj tuaj yeem nkag siab.
Cov monocytes no yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov monocytes yog ib hom qe ntshav dawb (leukocyte) hauv peb cov ntshav. Xav txog tias koj lub cev yog ib lub tebchaws loj. Muaj ib pab tub rog uas muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv lub tebchaws no ntawm cov yeeb ncuab (piv txwv li cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kab mob) los ntawm sab nraud. Cov tub rog ntawd yog peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob . Yog li, cov monocytes no zoo li ib pab tub rog tseem ceeb heev, tau kawm tshwj xeeb hauv pab tub rog ntawd.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog no yog nrhiav thiab rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab xws li cov kab mob, cov kab mob me me, cov pwm, thiab cov protozoa uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Tsis yog li ntawd xwb, tab sis lawv kuj ua haujlwm los txheeb xyuas thiab tshem tawm cov hlwb hauv peb lub cev uas twb muaj kab mob lawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum nws nyuaj rau kev sib ntaus sib tua ib leeg, cov tub rog monocyte no xa cov lus mus rau lwm cov tub rog hauv pab tub rog (piv txwv li lwm cov qe ntshav dawb) hais tias, "Muaj ib tug yeeb ncuab nyob ntawm no, los pab."
Koj puas piav qhia me ntsis txog lawv txoj haujlwm li cas?
Cov tub rog monocyte no pib lawv lub neej hauv peb cov pob txha. Nws zoo li lub tsev kawm ntawv cob qhia tub rog. Nws nyob ntawd uas lawv tau kawm zoo thiab npaj txhij rau kev sib ntaus sib tua. Thaum lawv loj hlob zoo, lawv pib mus ncig thoob plaws lub cev los ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Nws zoo li mus ua tub rog.
Xav txog tias muaj ib tug kab mob tau nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev. Nws zoo li ib tug yeeb ncuab nkag mus rau hauv ib lub teb chaws. Los yog hluav taws kub tau tawg hauv ib lub nroog. Lub sijhawm no, ib lub teeb liab ceeb toom tau tawm los. Thaum hnov lub teeb liab no, cov tub rog monocyte nyob ze tam sim ntawd pib ua haujlwm. Tab sis thaum lawv mus rau qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua no, lawv hloov lawv cov tsos thiab faib ua ob hom hlwb uas ua ob txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb.
1. Cov hlwb Dendritic - cov neeg xa xov thiab cov neeg soj xyuas
2. Macrophages - Cov Neeg Sib Ntaus Hauv Ntej
Tam sim no cia peb saib seb txhua tus neeg no txoj haujlwm yog dab tsi.
Cov hlwb Dendritic - chaw sib txuas lus
Cov hlwb no zoo li lub caj npab sib txuas lus ntawm ib pab tub rog, lossis lub chaw hu xov tooj ntawm ib lub chaw tua hluav taws. Lawv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yog paub tus yeeb ncuab thaum nws tuaj txog, ceeb toom rau lwm cov tub rog muaj zog hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab thov kev pab.
Cov hlwb dendritic no feem ntau pom nyob hauv qab peb daim tawv nqaij, nyob rau hauv cov txheej sab hauv ntawm peb lub qhov ntswg, lub ntsws, lub plab, thiab cov hnyuv, vim tias cov no yog cov chaw uas cov kab mob feem ntau yuav nkag mus rau hauv lub cev.
Thaum ib tug kab mob nkag mus rau hauv, cov hlwb no mus thiab sau ib qho antigen rau ntawm tus kab mob ntawd. Ib qho antigen, hais yooj yim xwb, zoo li "daim npav cim" rau tus kab mob ntawd. Nws yog qhov uas tso cai rau peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom paub tias "tus no tsis yog ib tus neeg uas nyob hauv peb lub cev." Siv daim npav ID no, cov hlwb dendritic tso tawm cov lus tshuaj tshwj xeeb (cytokines) uas qhia rau lwm cov hlwb ntshav dawb, "Nov yog ib tug yeeb ncuab nrog daim npav ID no, tuaj thiab tawm tsam sai sai."
Macrophages - Cov Neeg Sib Ntaus Hauv Ntej
Cov no yog cov tub rog tiag tiag uas mus rau pem hauv ntej thiab tawm tsam. Tom qab tau txais cov lus los ntawm cov hlwb dendritic, cov macrophages mus ncaj qha mus rau qhov chaw uas tus yeeb ncuab nyob.
Cov macrophages no ua yog puag ncig cov kab mob yeeb ncuab thiab nqos nws tag nrho. Tom qab nqos nws, lawv siv cov enzymes lom muaj zog hauv lawv lub cev kom yaj thiab rhuav tshem cov kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, "ntxuav" thiab tshem tawm cov hlwb tuag thiab cov nqaij puas tsuaj tom qab sib ntaus yog lwm txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlwb macrophage no.
Cov monocytes no zoo li cas?
Monocytes yog hom qe ntshav dawb loj tshaj plaws hauv peb cov ntshav. Lawv loj li ob npaug ntawm cov qe ntshav liab ib txwm. Thaum saib hauv lub tshuab microscope, lawv loj thiab yooj yim txheeb xyuas.
Lub nucleus nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov cell no yog qhov tshwj xeeb heev. Nws muaj ntau yam duab sib txawv. Thaum lub cell txav mus thoob plaws lub cev, cov duab ntawm lub nucleus tuaj yeem hloov pauv. Qee cov duab tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem pom yog:
- Cov duab ntawm taum pauv zoo li lub raum
- Zoo li tus nees ko taw
- Cov duab ntawm lub voj voog me ntsis elongated
Kuv yuav tsum muaj pes tsawg monocytes hauv kuv cov ntshav? (Qib ib txwm)
Hauv ib tug neeg laus uas noj qab nyob zoo, cov monocytes suav tias yog ib txwm muaj yog tias lawv muaj li ntawm 2% thiab 8% ntawm tag nrho cov qe ntshav dawb. Hauv cov lej, qhov no yog ntawm 200 thiab 800 monocytes ib microliter ntawm cov ntshav.
Tiam sis ntawm no yog ib yam uas koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov. Qhov "normal range" no yuav txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm lub chaw kuaj ntshav uas koj kuaj ntshav. Yog li thaum koj saib koj daim ntawv qhia ntshav, tsis yog koj tus nqi xwb, tab sis kuj yog tus nqi normal range rau lub chaw kuaj ntshav ntawd rau tib sab. Saib seb koj tus nqi puas nyob hauv qhov ntawd. Yog tias koj cov monocyte suav qis dua lossis siab dua li qub, koj tus kws kho mob yuav nrhiav seb yog vim li cas thiab muab qhov piav qhia zoo tshaj plaws rau koj.
Cov mob dab tsi uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov monocyte suav?
Feem ntau, tus naj npawb ntawm cov monocytes txo qis lossis nce ntxiv thaum peb lub cev tab tom tawm tsam kev kis kab mob lossis kab mob. Qhov no txhais tau tias qhov kev hloov pauv no ntawm tus nqi yuav tsis yog kab mob, tab sis yog cov tsos mob ntawm lwm yam kab mob. Qee zaum, cov nqi no kuj tseem yuav hloov pauv ua ib qho kev phiv ntawm cov tshuaj.
Muaj cov monocytes ntau ntxiv (Monocytosis)
Thaum tus naj npawb ntawm cov monocytes hauv cov ntshav siab dua li qub, peb hu nws ua monocytosis . Qhov no tuaj yeem yog ib qho tsos mob ntawm ntau yam mob. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem yog ib qho mob sib kis xws li mononucleosis lossis kab mob autoimmune xws li lupus. Qee qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev nce hauv monocytes yog:
- Cov kab mob autoimmune
- Cov teeb meem ntshav
- Mob qog noj ntshav
- Kab mob plawv
- Kev ntxhov siab ntev
- Kev kis kab mob luv luv thiab ntev
- Cov kab mob o
- Cev xeeb tub
Kab mob Monocytopenia
Tus lej monocytes tsawg dua li qub hauv cov ntshav hu ua monocytopenia . Txhua yam uas txo tag nrho cov qe ntshav dawb kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov monocytes txo qis. Muaj ntau yam laj thawj rau qhov no:
- Aplastic anemia
- Kev kis kab mob hauv cov ntshav
- Kev raug mob kub hnyiab
- Kev kis tus kab mob HIV
- Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav
Cov kev kuaj twg kuaj xyuas kuv cov monocyte?
Siv kev kuaj ntshav yooj yim heev los txiav txim seb koj cov monocyte suav li cas. Muaj ob hom kev kuaj tseem ceeb uas siv rau qhov no.
| Lub npe ntawm qhov kev xeem | Qhov no qhia tau dab tsi |
|---|---|
| Kev suav ntshav tag nrho (CBC) | Qhov no muab cov lus piav qhia txog txhua hom cell hauv koj cov ntshav: cov qe ntshav liab, cov qe ntshav dawb, thiab cov platelets. Ntu 'differential' suav 5 hom qe ntshav dawb (suav nrog monocytes) sib cais thiab qhia seb lawv cov feem pua yog ib txwm, qis, lossis siab. |
| Tus lej Monocyte kiag li | Qhov no muab tus nqi tseeb ntawm pes tsawg lub hlwb monocyte nyob hauv koj cov ntshav kuaj, es tsis yog ua feem pua. |
Puas muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim vim muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov lej monocyte?
Nov yog qhov uas ntau tus neeg ua yuam kev. Koj yuav tsis pom muaj cov tsos mob tsuas yog vim koj cov monocyte tsawg lossis siab. Hloov chaw, txhua yam tsos mob uas koj ntsib yog los ntawm tus mob uas ua rau koj cov monocyte hloov pauv.
Piv txwv li, koj cov monocyte suav yuav nce siab vim yog qee yam zoo li kub taub hau lossis mob lub cev. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav kub taub hau thiab mob lub cev, tsis yog cov tsos mob ntawm cov monocytes nce. Yog li ntawd, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov monocyte suav tsis yog kab mob, tab sis yog ib qho cim ntawm lwm yam kab mob lossis mob.
Kuv yuav ua li cas kom kuv cov monocyte rov qab mus rau qhov qub?
Cov kev xaiv kho mob nyob ntawm seb ua rau koj cov monocyte ntau npaum li cas. Qhov no txhais tau tias yuav tsum kuaj mob thiab kho qhov mob hauv qab ua ntej. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav yog tus neeg zoo tshaj plaws los qhia koj txog qhov no. Tsis txhob sim kho koj tus kheej.
Feem ntau, ntawm no yog qee yam uas tus kws kho mob yuav qhia kom tswj tau cov monocyte:
| Yuav kom txo tau cov monocyte suav (thaum siab dua) | Yuav kom nce cov monocyte suav (thaum qis) |
|---|---|
| Tsis txhob noj cov khoom noj uas ua rau lub cev o (piv txwv li, cov khoom noj uas muaj suab thaj ntau, cov khoom noj uas muaj roj ntau). | Raws li cov lus qhia kho mob, hloov qhov ntau npaum li cas lossis lub sijhawm ntawm cov tshuaj uas koj tab tom noj. |
| Ua si nawv tsis tu ncua. | Kev tswj hwm cov mob uas tseem ceeb kom zoo. |
| Txwv kev haus cawv. | Kev kho mob kom zoo rau cov kab mob uas twb muaj lawm. |
| Kev kho mob kom zoo rau cov mob uas tseem ceeb. | Yog koj tsis muaj vitamin txaus, noj cov tshuaj ntxiv xws li vitamin B12, C, thiab D raws li koj tus kws kho mob qhia. |
Kuv yuav ua li cas kom kuv cov hlwb monocyte noj qab nyob zoo?
Koj cov qe ntshav monocyte yog ib feem ntawm koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog li, qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum ua yog ua kom koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog. Nov yog qee yam uas yuav pab koj ua li ntawd:
- Tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm kev raug mob thiab kev kis kab mob ntau li ntau tau: Tsis txhob raug cov kab mob tsis tsim nyog.
- Noj zaub mov kom sib npaug thiab ua kom lub cev muaj zog: Kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab kev tawm dag zog yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Kev coj ua kom huv si: Tej yam yooj yim xws li ntxuav koj txhais tes tsis tu ncua nrog xab npum tuaj yeem ua qhov sib txawv loj.
- Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb: Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog.
- Txo kev ntxhov siab: Kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis zoo.
- Pw tsaug zog txaus: Kev pw tsaug zog yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub cev kom rov zoo thiab kho cov hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob.
Thaum kawg, monocytes yog cov neeg tiv thaiv ntsiag to ntawm peb lub cev. Lawv niaj hnub ua haujlwm los tiv thaiv peb ntawm kab mob. Yog li ua raws li kev ua neej zoo kom lawv noj qab haus huv yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom loj tshaj plaws uas peb tuaj yeem ua rau peb lub cev.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Monocytes yog ib hom qe ntshav dawb tseem ceeb hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas tawm tsam cov kab mob.
- Yog tias koj cov ntshav kuaj pom tias muaj monocytes ntau lossis tsawg, nws yuav tsis yog kab mob hauv nws tus kheej, tab sis nws yog ib qho cim ntawm lwm yam mob lossis kev kis kab mob.
- Kev suav cov ntshav tiav (CBC) yooj yim tuaj yeem txiav txim siab koj cov monocyte theem.
- Tsis txhob ntshai cov nqi hauv koj daim ntawv qhia ntawm koj tus kheej. Ib txwm tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob thiab tau txais cov lus qhia zoo.
- Kev noj zaub mov kom sib npaug, pw tsaug zog txaus, tawm dag zog, thiab txo kev ntxhov siab tuaj yeem ua rau koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus