Koj tus me nyuam puas muaj teeb meem hnov ​​lus? Cia peb kawm txog kev hnov ​​lus tsis zoo.

Qee zaum koj yuav xav tias koj tus me nyuam tsis mloog zoo thaum koj tham, lossis tsis teb zoo rau cov suab. Txawm hais tias qhov no yog ib qho uas tshwm sim ntau heev, qee zaum ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj rau qhov no tuaj yeem yog kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo. Peb puas yuav tham txog qhov mob no hu ua '(Kev Hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo)', uas yog, kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo, hauv txoj kev yooj yim uas koj tuaj yeem nkag siab? Tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tsum ntshai, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kom paub.

Txhais li cas yog tias muaj teeb meem hnov ​​​​lus?

Hais yooj yim xwb, ib tug menyuam yaus uas muaj teeb meem hnov ​​lus tsis zoo, lossis peb hu ua "Luag Hnov Lus Tsis Zoo," muaj teeb meem hnov ​​thiab nkag siab qee lossis tag nrho cov suab. Lawv xav tias lub suab ntawm xov tooj cua raug txo qis. Muaj peb qho laj thawj tseem ceeb uas ua rau qhov no tshwm sim:

• Teeb meem nrog rau ntau qhov ntawm pob ntseg: Peb pob ntseg yog ib lub cev uas nyuaj heev. Nws muaj cov qhov hu ua pob ntseg sab nraud, pob ntseg nruab nrab, thiab pob ntseg sab hauv. Yog tias muaj qhov tsis zoo lossis thaiv hauv ib lossis ntau qhov ntawm cov qhov no, lub suab yuav tsis hnov ​​​​​​zoo.
• Teeb meem nrog cov hlab ntsha uas nqa suab mus rau lub hlwb: To taub tias tom qab tau txais suab los ntawm pob ntseg, nws yuav tsum tau nqa mus rau lub hlwb. Yog tias muaj qhov tsis muaj zog hauv cov hlab ntsha no uas nqa suab, lub suab tsis mus rau lub hlwb kom raug.
• Muaj teeb meem nrog rau qhov ntawm lub hlwb uas nkag siab txog lub suab: Txawm tias tom qab lub suab mus txog lub hlwb lawm los, muaj ib feem tshwj xeeb ntawm lub hlwb uas nkag siab nws li "qhov no yog niam lub suab," "qhov no yog ib zaj nkauj." Yog tias muaj qhov tsis muaj zog hauv qhov ntawd, txawm tias koj hnov ​​lub suab los xij, koj yuav tsis nkag siab tias nws yog dab tsi.

Cov hom kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo yog dab tsi?

Kev hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo muaj ntau hom. Cia peb saib qee hom tseem ceeb.

Kev hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo

Qhov uas tshwm sim rau hauv rooj plaub no yog tias muaj ib yam dab tsi thaiv lub suab kom tsis txhob mus txog pob ntseg. Xav txog, yog tias muaj ib yam dab tsi daig rau hauv cov kav dej hauv koj lub tsev, cov dej yuav tsis tawm los.

• Muaj qee yam tsis raug nrog cov pob txha me me hauv pob ntseg nruab nrab (cov no yog cov uas ua rau lub suab co thiab xa nws mus rau hauv).
• Lub pob ntseg puv nrog ntau yam khoom zoo li quav ciab (peb hu ua quav ciab pob ntseg).
• Los yog, tej yam xws li kev kis kab mob pob ntseg ntau zaus tuaj yeem ua rau hom suab nrov no tsis txhob nrov lawm.

Qhov no hu ua "Kev hnov ​​lus tsis zoo." Hom kev hnov ​​lus tsis zoo no qee zaum kho tau los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lossis phais me me.

Kev hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo (SNHL)

Qhov no txawv me ntsis. Qhov uas tshwm sim ntawm no yog tias muaj kev puas tsuaj rau ib feem ntawm lub pob ntseg sab hauv uas rhiab heev hu ua cochlea (qhov no yog ib feem zoo li lub plhaub nab), lossis rau cov hlab ntsha uas nqa suab mus rau lub hlwb.

• Qhov "(Sensorineural hearing loss)" lossis "(SNHL)" no tej zaum yuav yog los ntawm noob caj noob ces (txhais tau tias koj niam, txiv, pog, lossis yawg koob tau muaj qhov no).
• Los yog nws yuav yog ib feem ntawm qee yam kev mob caj ces.
• Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, qee yam kev kis kab mob (piv txwv li, qee yam kab mob uas leej niam muaj thaum cev xeeb tub) thiab qee yam tshuaj muaj zog tuaj yeem ua rau lub pob ntseg sab hauv lossis cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj. Hom kev qaug zog no feem ntau yuav nyob mus ib txhis.

Kev hnov ​​​​lus tsis sib xws

Hauv qhov no, ob qho tib si "Conductive" thiab "Sensorineural" uas tau hais ua ntej tuaj yeem tshwm sim ua ke. Qhov no txhais tau tias muaj kev thaiv rau lub suab nkag mus rau hauv pob ntseg, thiab kuj muaj teeb meem nrog pob ntseg sab hauv lossis cov hlab ntsha.

Kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo hauv nruab nrab

Hauv qhov no, qhov teeb meem tsis yog nyob rau hauv pob ntseg, tab sis ncaj qha nyob rau hauv lub hlwb. Uas yog, "Kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo" tshwm sim thaum muaj qee yam puas tsuaj rau hauv lub hlwb uas tswj thiab nkag siab lub suab. Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim tsawg heev.

Kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm kev hnov ​​​​lus (APD)

Qhov no kuj tshwj xeeb heev. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj '(Auditory Processing Disorder)' lossis '(APD)' muaj lawv pob ntseg thiab lub hlwb tsis ua haujlwm ua ke zoo. Lawv tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​​​lus zoo li qub (txhais tau tias lawv tsis qhia teeb meem dab tsi ntawm kev kuaj hnov ​​​​​​lus), tab sis lawv lub hlwb muaj teeb meem lees paub thiab nkag siab cov suab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev hais lus. Nws zoo li lub teeb liab xov tooj cua raug cuam tshuam thiab lub suab raug tawg, lossis cov lus hauv lub suab tsis meej.

Dab tsi yog cov ua rau pob ntseg tsis hnov ​​lus?

Muaj ntau yam ua rau pob ntseg tsis hnov ​​lus. Tiam sis qee zaum tsis paub tseeb tias yog vim li cas. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj cov yam no, tus menyuam yaus yuav muaj pob ntseg tsis hnov ​​lus ntau dua:

• Yug los muaj teeb meem hnov ​​lus, lossis muaj ib tug neeg hauv tsev neeg (niam, txiv, kwv tij neej tsa) uas muaj teeb meem hnov ​​lus thaum tseem hluas.
• Tus me nyuam yug ua ntej lub sijhawm (peb hu ua preterm) thiab/lossis tau txais kev kho mob hauv Chav Saib Xyuas Me Nyuam Mos (NICU) .
• Mob daj ntseg tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm yug menyuam tshiab, thiab qib bilirubin hauv cov ntshav nce ntxiv mus txog qhov uas xav tau kev hloov ntshav.
• Mob pob ntseg ntau zaus, pob ntseg tawg, lossis raug suab nrov nrov. Piv txwv li, qee tus niam txiv cia lawv cov menyuam yaus mloog suab nrov nrog lub mloog pob ntseg lossis muab cov khoom ua si nrov nrov rau lawv. Cov no tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam pob ntseg puas tsuaj.
• Cov kab mob xws li mob meningitis (ib hom kab mob hauv lub hlwb) lossis cytomegalovirus (ib hom kab mob viral) tau tshwm sim.
• Qee cov tshuaj uas ua rau pob ntseg puas (cov no hu ua 'ototoxic drugs') muaj kev nyab xeeb rau leej niam noj thaum cev xeeb tub, thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau tus menyuam noj. (Cov kws kho mob feem ntau ceev faj heev thaum muab cov no, tab sis qee zaum tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau muab).

Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov no yog dab tsi? Koj paub nws li cas?

Qee zaum nws yuav nyuaj rau qhia seb tus menyuam puas muaj teeb meem pob ntseg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov menyuam yaus me. Lawv yuav tsis hais tau tias, "Kuv hnov ​​tsis tau." Cov menyuam uas muaj hom teeb meem pob ntseg no yuav tsis teb tau zoo rau cov suab lossis kev hais lus. Lawv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev hais lus (kev loj hlob lus) yuav qeeb. Yog tias koj tus menyuam tsis teb tau zoo rau cov no thaum lub xyoo thawj zaug ntawm lub neej, koj yuav tsum nrog kws kho mob tham:

Cov menyuam mos tshiab (0-3 lub hlis):

• Qhov kev xav ua kom koj ceeb (peb hu qhov no ua 'kev xav ua kom koj ceeb') thaum koj hnov ​​​​​​lub suab nrov nrov.
• Ua siab tus thiab tsis quaj thaum hnov ​​niam thiab txiv lub suab (kwv yees li 3 lub hlis).

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog li ntawm 4-6 lub hlis:

• Tig koj ob lub qhov muag los yog lub taub hau mus rau qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub suab tshiab.
• Qhia tias nws nyiam cov khoom ua si uas ua suab nrov.
• Rov hais dua suab zoo li "Uh...", "Ah...", "Guh...", zoo li tham nrog koj tus kheej.

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 7-12 lub hlis (ib xyoos):

• Ua ntau yam suab uas tsis muaj lub ntsiab lus (peb hu cov no ua 'suab hais lus tsis meej', xws li "kuv tus kheej", "bababa").
• Teb rau nws lub npe (tig rov qab thaum hais nws lub npe).
• Sim nkag siab cov lus qhia yooj yim xws li "ta ta" thiab "saib seb niam puas tuaj."
• Ua raws li cov lus.
• Hais ob peb lo lus yooj yim xws li "Niam", "Txiv", thiab "Nyob zoo".

Thaum tus me nyuam loj hlob tuaj (tom qab 1 xyoos), cov cim qhia tias hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo yuav muaj xws li:

• Hais lus tsawg, hais lus tsis meej, lossis hais lus tsis tau raws li lub hnub nyoog.
• Zoo li tsis mloog lus, tsis ua raws li cov lus qhia (qee zaum peb xav tias tus menyuam ua qhov no "vim yog kev ntxub ntxaug", tab sis qhov tseeb nws yuav yog vim nws tsis mloog).
• Tsis teb thaum raug hais lus nrog lub suab ib txwm, lossis nug tas li "Huh?" "Dab tsi?", lossis teb tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam.
• Thaum muaj suab nrov ntau nyob ib puag ncig koj (piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw muaj neeg coob coob, qhib TV), nws yooj yim ua rau koj tsis xis nyob, tsis xis nyob, thiab nyuaj rau nkag siab txog yam uas lawv hais.
• Yuav tsum tau qhib lub suab ntawm TV lossis xov tooj cua kom nrov dua thiaj li saib/mloog tau.
• Muaj teeb meem nrog kev ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab kev kawm.
• Tsuas teb rau qee lub suab xwb (piv txwv li, hnov ​​​​​​lub suab siab tab sis tsis hnov ​​​​​​lub suab qis).

Tseem Ceeb: Qee qhov teeb meem hnov ​​​​lus tuaj yeem maj mam tshwm sim tom qab yug los, lossis lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab hauv lub neej (piv txwv li tom qab muaj mob lossis raug mob taub hau). Yog tias koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev hnov ​​​​lus ntawm koj tus menyuam, nco ntsoov tham nrog kws kho mob. Koj tus menyuam kuj tseem yuav tsum tau xa mus rau tus kws kho mob hnov ​​​​lus , tus kws kho mob uas tshwj xeeb hauv kev hnov ​​​​lus.

Koj kuaj mob pob ntseg li cas?

Zoo tshaj plaws kom paub txog cov teeb meem hnov ​​lus sai li sai tau. Vim tias kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws thaum pib ua ntej tus menyuam muaj 6 lub hlis. Thaum ntawd tus menyuam lub hlwb tab tom loj hlob sai sai los kawm lus.

• Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Pob Ntseg Rau Cov Menyuam Mos Tshiab: Yog vim li ntawd txhua tus menyuam mos tshiab thiaj li raug kuaj pob ntseg ua ntej tawm hauv tsev kho mob. Qhov no yog kev kuaj mob uas tsis mob rau tus menyuam thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv ob peb feeb xwb.
• Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem kuaj koj tus menyuam ua ntej mus tsev, lossis yog tias koj tus menyuam yug hauv tsev lossis hauv chaw yug menyuam, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj koj tus menyuam lub pob ntseg hauv 3 lub lis piam thawj zaug ntawm kev yug los.
• Yog tias "tsis ua tiav/xa mus" rau qhov kev kuaj pob ntseg no tsis tas txhais tau tias tus menyuam lag ntseg. Txawm li cas los xij, nws txhais tau tias yuav tsum tau ua qhov kev kuaj mob pob ntseg ntxiv sai li sai tau, feem ntau yog hauv ib lossis ob hlis tom qab yug los. Yog tias pom muaj kev tsis hnov ​​​​lus, kev kho mob tuaj yeem pib tam sim ntawd.
• Txawm tias cov menyuam yaus uas hnov ​​lus zoo li qub los xij, lawv yuav tsum tau mus kuaj xyuas lawv lub pob ntseg tsis tu ncua thaum lawv mus kuaj mob (hauv tsev kho mob). Feem ntau cov kev kuaj pob ntseg no yuav ua thaum muaj hnub nyoog 4, 5, 6, 8, thiab 10 xyoo, thiab thaum lawv tseem hluas thiab hluas. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kev kuaj pob ntseg tuaj yeem ua tau txhua lub sijhawm yog tias tus kws kho mob xav tias muaj teeb meem.

Qhov no kho li cas?

Kev kho mob nyob ntawm seb hom kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo li cas, nws ua rau muaj teeb meem, thiab nws hnyav npaum li cas. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo mus tas li yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Pab neeg no yuav suav nrog tus kws kho mob pob ntseg (kws kho mob hnov ​​​​​​lus zoo), tus kws kho mob pob ntseg, qhov ntswg, thiab caj pas (kws kho mob ENT), tus kws kho kev hais lus, thiab tej zaum tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv kev kawm.

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj qee hom kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo tuaj yeem tau txais kev pab los ntawm kev kho mob (piv txwv li, tshuaj rau kev kis kab mob pob ntseg), kev kho mob, thiab kev phais (piv txwv li, ntxig ib lub raj me me los ntws cov kua dej ntawm pob ntseg). Muaj ntau txoj kev kho mob tseem ceeb rau kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo mus tas li:

• Cov khoom pab hnov ​​lus: Cov no ua kom cov suab nrov dua thiab meej dua kom koj tus menyuam hnov ​​lus tau. Lawv zoo li cov microphones me me, rhiab heev uas haum rau hauv koj lub pob ntseg. Yog tias tus menyuam mos uas tsis hnov ​​lus tas mus li pib siv cov khoom pab hnov ​​lus ua ntej hnub nyoog 6 lub hlis, lawv cov lus hais thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb yuav zoo dua. Tsis muaj ib hom lossis chaw tsim khoom uas haum rau txhua tus menyuam. Koj tus kws kho mob hnov ​​lus tuaj yeem pab koj xaiv cov khoom pab hnov ​​lus zoo tshaj plaws rau koj tus menyuam cov kev xav tau thiab qhov loj ntawm pob ntseg. Ntau tus menyuam uas tsis hnov ​​lus hauv ob lub pob ntseg siv ob lub khoom pab hnov ​​lus.

• Cov txheej txheem hloov kho zaus (FM):Lub "(FM) system" no txo ​​cov suab nrov tom qab nyob ib puag ncig tus menyuam, cia tus menyuam hnov ​​​​​​lub suab ntawm tus neeg hais lus (piv txwv li tus xib fwb, niam) kom meej thiab nrov nrov. Xav txog chav kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Tus xib fwb hnav lub microphone me me thiab "transmitter". Lub transmitter no xa lub teeb liab hluav taws xob mus rau "wireless receiver" uas tus menyuam hnav hauv lawv pob ntseg lossis txuas ncaj qha rau lub cuab yeej pab hnov ​​​​​​lus. Vim tias nws tuaj yeem nqa mus ncig, nws tuaj yeem siv hauv tsev, hauv tsev kawm ntawv, lossis hauv qhov chaw uas muaj suab nrov ntau nyob ib puag ncig.

• Cov khoom siv Cochlear implants: Cov khoom siv Cochlear implants tuaj yeem pab tau zoo rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo heev uas tsis tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov khoom siv pab hnov ​​​​​​lus. Cov no yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo heev uas tau phais cog rau hauv pob ntseg. Lawv hla cov qhov ntawm pob ntseg uas tsis ua haujlwm zoo thiab ncaj qha txhawb cov hlab ntsha hnov ​​​​​​lus. Thaum cog rau hauv, nrog rau kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb thiab kev kho mob hais lus, cov menyuam yaus uas muaj cochlear implant tuaj yeem kawm hnov ​​​​​​zoo dua thiab hais lus meej.

• Kev kho kom rov qab hnov ​​lus zoo/kev kho kom rov qab hnov ​​lus zoo: Qhov no yog txoj kev qhia cov menyuam yaus uas yug los muaj teeb meem hnov ​​lus kom mloog thiab sib txuas lus. Qhov no yuav suav nrog tej yam xws li Kev Kho Mob Mloog Lus (AVT) , kev kho kom rov qab hais lus, kev nyeem ntawv hais lus/daim di ncauj, lossis, yog tias tsim nyog, kawm lus piav tes (xws li Lus Qhia Txog Neeg Asmeskas (ASL) lossis lus piav tes hauv zos). Koj tus kws kho mob hnov ​​lus thiab kws kho mob yuav ua haujlwm nrog koj los pab koj tus menyuam nrhiav txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los sib txuas lus. Cov menyuam loj dua uas poob lawv txoj kev hnov ​​lus kawm cov txuj ci sib txuas lus no los ntawm txoj kev hu ua kev kho kom rov qab hnov ​​lus zoo.

Kuv yuav tsum paub dab tsi ntxiv?

Txawm tias qhov me me heev, uas yog, qhov tsis hnov ​​lus me me, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem nrog tus menyuam txoj kev hais lus, lus, kev kawm, thiab kev sib raug zoo. Yog vim li ntawd thiaj li hais tias cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam yaus uas tsis hnov ​​lus yuav tsum raug xa mus rau qhov kev pabcuam hu ua "kev pabcuam thaum ntxov." Qhov no yog ib qho kev pabcuam uas muab kev pabcuam kho mob dawb lossis pheej yig rau cov menyuam yaus tsim nyog. Hauv Sri Lanka, cov kev pabcuam zoo li no kuj tau siv los ntawm Ministry of Health thiab ntau lub koom haum tsis yog tsoomfwv. Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav paub txog nws los ntawm kev nug koj tus neeg saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv hauv tsev neeg lossis kws kho mob hauv zos. Cov menyuam loj dua kuj tseem yuav tsim nyog rau "kev pabcuam kev kawm tshwj xeeb" thaum lawv mus kawm ntawv.

Nco ntsoov tias, koj tsis nyob ib leeg xwb.Muaj cov chaw uas koj tuaj yeem tau txais kev pab thiab cov ntaub ntawv thaum koj ntsib teeb meem zoo li no. Nug koj tus kws kho mob, kws kho qhov hnov, lossis lwm tus neeg txog qhov no. Koj kuj tuaj yeem tau txais ntau lub zog thiab kev paub los ntawm kev koom nrog cov pab pawg txhawb nqa uas tau tsim los ntawm lwm cov niam txiv ntawm cov menyuam uas muaj tus mob no.

Thaum kawg, tej yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov

Zoo, yog li kuv vam tias koj tuaj yeem nco qab qee cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los ntawm qhov peb tau tham txog hnub no.

• Kev kuaj pom thaum ntxov yog qhov tseem ceeb heev: Tsis txhob ncua qhov kev kuaj pob ntseg uas koj tus menyuam tau txais tom qab yug los. Yog tias koj muaj kev tsis ntseeg, txawm tias lawv me me, mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau. Tsis txhob ncua sijhawm.
• Tsis yog txhua qhov kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo ib yam: muaj ntau hom thiab ntau yam ua rau. Kev nrhiav kom paub meej tias qhov teeb meem yog dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho mob.
• Muaj kev kho mob: Niaj hnub nim no thev naus laus zis tau nce qib heev. Muaj ntau yam uas tuaj yeem pab tau ib tug menyuam, xws li cov khoom siv pab hnov ​​lus, cov khoom cog rau hauv lub pob ntseg, thiab kev kho mob tshwj xeeb.
• Kev pab thaum ntxov yuav ua tau qhov sib txawv loj heev: nws pab tus menyuam hais lus, kawm, thiab sib raug zoo nrog lwm tus. Nws yog txoj kev qhib kev rau tus menyuam kom ua neej nyob li qub zoo li lwm tus menyuam.
• Koj tsis nyob ib leeg xwb: muaj cov kws kho mob, cov kws tshwj xeeb, thiab cov pab pawg txhawb nqa los pab thiab coj koj mus rau txoj kev no. Nrhiav lawv txoj kev pab.

Kev saib xyuas koj tus menyuam lub pob ntseg yog ib qho kev nqis peev loj rau lawv lub neej yav tom ntej. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog qhov no thiab ua cov kauj ruam tsim nyog. Yog tias koj muaj lus nug ntxiv txog qhov no, tsis txhob ntshai nug koj tus kws kho mob.

Kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo, kev hnov ​​​​​​lus, cov menyuam yaus, kev kuaj mob pob ntseg rau cov menyuam mos, cov khoom siv pab hnov ​​​​​​lus, kev cog cov cochlear, kev kho kev hais lus