Koj tus me nyuam puas feem ntau mob khaub thuas , mob ntsws, lossis mob pob ntseg ? Koj puas muaj tej lub sij hawm koj xav tias koj tus menyuam mob dua li lwm tus menyuam? Tej lub sij hawm, txawm tias mob khaub thuas ib txwm hloov mus ua ib yam dab tsi loj npaum li mob ntsws , uas yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj ntau hnub? Koj yuav tsum txhawj xeeb heev txog tej yam zoo li no. Qhov tseeb, qhov no tej zaum yuav yog vim tus menyuam lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog. Peb tab tom tham txog qhov xwm txheej zoo li no hnub no.
Kab mob Primary Immunodeficiency Syndrome (PIDD) yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, ib tug me nyuam uas muaj tus kab mob Primary Immunodeficiency Disease (PIDD) muaj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Xav txog peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob zoo li ib pab tub rog uas tiv thaiv peb lub teb chaws. Nws tiv thaiv peb lub cev ntawm cov kab mob uas los ntawm sab nraud. Yog li thaum "pab tub rog" no tsis muaj zog, cov kab mob tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub cev thiab ua rau muaj kab mob tau yooj yim .
Thaum koj hnov qhov no, tej zaum koj yuav ntshai, "Auj, kuv tus menyuam puas yuav muaj tag nrho cov kab mob no?" Tab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog, tam sim no muaj cov kev kho mob zoo heev los tswj cov mob no. Nrog cov kev kho mob ntawd, tus menyuam tuaj yeem ua neej noj qab haus huv, ua ub ua no, thiab ib txwm zoo li lwm tus menyuam. Qhov no yog caj ces, txhais tau tias nws yog ib qho mob uas muaj thaum yug los, tsis yog ib qho mob uas tuaj yeem kis tau ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau lwm tus.
Cov kab mob no muaj hom kab mob dab tsi tseem ceeb?
Muaj ntau tshaj 550 hom kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob no. Qee hom yog cov uas pom ntau heev, qee hom tsis tshua muaj. Feem ntau ntawm lawv raug kuaj pom thaum yau, tab sis qee zaum cov tsos mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab hauv lub neej. Cia peb saib qee hom tseem ceeb.
| Lub Npe Kab Mob | Hauv lus yooj yim, qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim. |
|---|---|
| Kev tsis txaus ntawm Immunoglobulin A (IgA) | IgA yog ib yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tawm tsam cov kab mob hauv peb cov qaub ncaug, kua muag, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Cov neeg no muaj cov IgA qis hauv lawv lub cev. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob hawb pob thiab ua xua ntau dua. Qee tus neeg yuav tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi li. |
| Kev Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Sib Txawv (CVID) | Lawv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis ua haujlwm zoo txaus los tawm tsam cov kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas lawv tsim tawm tsam lawv cov hlwb. Lawv feem ntau muaj mob pob ntseg, mob ntsws, thiab mob ntsws. |
| X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (XLA) | Yug los tsis muaj cov qe ntshav B, uas tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Qhov no ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv loj hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Kev kis kab mob feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj cov ntaub so ntswg (pob ntseg, ntsws, plab). |
| Kev Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Hnyav (SCID) | Qhov no yog ib hom mob hnyav tshaj plaws. Tsis yog tsuas yog tsis muaj cov qe ntshav B xwb, tab sis kuj tsis muaj cov qe ntshav T uas ncaj qha tua cov kab mob. Qhov no ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog heev. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus, yog li kev kuaj mob thiab kho mob thaum ntxov yog qhov tseem ceeb. |
| DiGeorge Syndrome (DGS) | Cov menyuam no muaj cov qe ntshav T tsawg dua li ntawm 90% piv rau cov menyuam ib txwm. Tej zaum yuav muaj cov tsos mob xws li kev kis kab mob ntau zaus thiab kab mob plawv. |
| Kab mob Granulomatous ntev (CGD) | Cov neeg no tsis muaj cov hlwb (phagocytes) uas tsim cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas tua cov kab mob. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob sib sau ua ke thiab ua cov pob (granulomas). |
Koj yuav tsum ceev faj txog cov tsos mob twg?
Yog koj xav tias koj tus menyuam muaj tus mob no, saib xyuas seb puas muaj cov tsos mob no. Yog tias ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no tseem muaj, nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho mob.
- Tus me nyuam txoj kev loj hlob qeeb lossis tsis hnyav zuj zus.
- Kab mob ntau zaus. Piv txwv li, kab mob pob ntseg, kab mob sinus , lossis mob ntsws ob lossis peb zaug hauv ib hlis .
- Cov tshuaj tua kab mob feem ntauTus kab mob no hnyav heev ua rau nws xav tau cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov hlab ntshav (IV) , es tsis yog cov tshuaj ntsiav .
- raws plab tas li lossis lwm yam teeb meem ntawm lub plab zom mov.
- Cov qog ntshav o.
- Lub qhov zis loj dua.
- Kev tsis haum tshuaj loj heev rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia.
Yuav kuaj mob li cas kom meej?
Yog koj muaj lus nug dab tsi, thawj qhov koj yuav tsum ua yog mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob hauv tsev neeg. Nws yuav kuaj koj tus menyuam thiab nug koj cov lus nug xws li:
"Tus me nyuam puas feem ntau muaj mob hnyav? Lawv yuav kav ntev npaum li cas? Tus mob puas tsis zoo dua txawm tias noj tshuaj tua kab mob los xij? Puas muaj leej twg hauv tsev neeg muaj mob zoo li no ntau zaus?"
Tom qab ntawd, koj tuaj yeem xa mus rau cov kev xeem no kom paub ntau ntxiv:
- Kuaj ntshav: Yuav muab ib qho qauv ntshav ntawm tus menyuam thiab kuaj xyuas cov qib ntawm cov qe ntshav hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Kev kuaj noob caj noob ces: Qhov no tuaj yeem ntes tau ncaj qha seb puas muaj qhov tsis zoo hauv cov noob caj noob ces uas cuam tshuam rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Kev kuaj Flow Cytometry: Qhov no yog ib txoj thev naus laus zis niaj hnub uas siv cov teeb laser los kawm txog cov hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob kom tob.
Yuav kom tswj tau tus mob zoo li no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob immunologist .
Cov kev kho mob yog dab tsi?
Qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias tam sim no muaj kev kho mob zoo heev rau cov mob no. Kev kho mob muaj ob lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb: tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob thiab tswj hwm lawv kom zoo yog tias lawv tshwm sim.
1. Kev Kho Mob Rau Kab Mob: Yog tias koj tus menyuam tau kab mob, lawv yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj tua kab mob ntau dua thiab siv sijhawm ntev dua li qub. Thaum muaj kab mob hnyav, lawv yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob thiab muab tshuaj IV (intravenous).
2. Kev kho mob kom muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob:
- Kev kho mob hloov Immunoglobulin (Ig): Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov no suav nrog kev muab cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau tus menyuam los ntawm tus neeg noj qab haus huv los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj IV. Nws zoo li muab cov "tub rog" los ntawm sab nraud rau lawv. Qhov no ua tiav txhua lub lim tiam lossis txhua hli.
- Kev hloov noob hlwb: Qhov no yog kev kho mob rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj cov kab mob hnyav tshaj plaws. Cov noob hlwb uas tau los ntawm ib tus neeg noj qab haus huv (feem ntau yog ib tug tswv cuab hauv tsev neeg) raug hloov mus rau hauv tus menyuam. Cov noob hlwb no tuaj yeem ua rau cov noob hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob zoo.Qhov no yog kev kho mob uas tuaj yeem kho tau qee hom PIDD.
- Kev Kho Mob Gene: Qhov no yog ib txoj kev kho mob niaj hnub heev. Cov noob hlwb ntawm tus menyuam raug coj mus, cov noob hlwb uas puas lawm raug "kho" hauv chav kuaj mob, thiab cov noob hlwb raug coj rov qab rau hauv tus menyuam lub cev.
Ob peb lub tswv yim rau koj cov neeg uas tab tom saib xyuas koj tus menyuam
Thaum koj nyob nrog tus mob no, koj tuaj yeem pab koj tus menyuam kom zoo siab thiab nquag ib yam li lwm tus menyuam.
- Hais lus sawv cev rau koj tus menyuam: Yog tias koj tus menyuam kawm ntawv, nrog cov xib fwb tham thiab piav qhia txog qhov teeb meem ntawm koj tus menyuam. Qhia rau lawv tias lawv yuav tsis tuaj yeem mus kawm ntawv tau ib ntus.
- Ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev huv: Ntxuav koj txhais tes ntau zaus, tshwj xeeb yog ua ntej noj mov thiab tom qab siv chav dej. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm cov kab mob.
- Muab kev noj haus zoo: Kev muab cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, thiab cov nplej tag nrho yuav ua rau koj tus menyuam muaj zog.
- Pw tsaug zog txaus: Kev pw tsaug zog txaus yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Txo kev ntxhov siab: Cia koj tus menyuam ua si, koom nrog kev ua ub ua no, thiab tsim kom muaj ib puag ncig zoo siab.
Tej zaum koj yuav pom tias nws nyuaj rau koj daws qhov teeb meem no. Tab sis koj tsis yog tib leeg xwb. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob, tsev neeg, thiab cov phooj ywg txog qhov no. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem yog qhov chaw zoo rau koj los tham nrog lwm tus niam txiv uas muaj cov menyuam zoo li no.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob tsis zoo (Primary immunodeficiency syndrome - PIDD) yog ib yam mob uas muaj los ntawm noob caj noob ces, tsis yog ib yam kab mob uas kis tau ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau ib tus neeg.
- Yog koj tus menyuam mob ntau zaus, mob hnyav heev uas kho tsis tau sai, qhov no yog ib qho cim ceeb toom. Yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob.
- Muaj ntau hom kab mob no, xws li hom mob me me mus rau hom mob hnyav heev.
- Yog tias kuaj mob tau zoo thiab muaj kev kho mob niaj hnub xws li kev kho mob Immunoglobulin (Ig) thiab kev hloov pob txha, ntau tus menyuam yaus tuaj yeem ua neej nyob tau zoo thiab muaj zog.
- Kev tu cev huv si, kev noj zaub mov zoo, thiab ib puag ncig uas muaj kev hlub thiab kev txhawb nqa yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus menyuam.
Kev Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Tseem Ceeb, PIDD, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, kev kis kab mob ntau zaus, kev mob caj ces, SCID, CVID, kev kho mob immunoglobulin
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus