Puas muaj tej lub sij hawm koj xav tias ua tsis taus pa me ntsis? Los yog koj puas hnoos uas tsis ploj mus? Tej zaum koj lub hauv siab nruj, ua pa nrov nrov, lossis lwm yam zoo sib xws. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob zoo li no, nws yuav yog ib qho cim qhia tias koj lub ntsws muaj teeb meem. Thaum ntawd peb yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob uas tshwj xeeb hauv cov kab mob ntsws, uas yog "Pulmonologist".
Tus kws kho mob ntsws no yog leej twg?
Hais yooj yim xwb, tus "kws kho mob ntsws" yog tus kws kho mob uas tshwj xeeb hauv cov kab mob ntsig txog lub ntsws. Yog hais kom meej, nws nkag siab zoo txog cov kab mob uas tshwm sim hauv peb "Lub cev ua pa" - uas yog, cov hlab cua (trachea, bronchi), cov hnab cua me me hauv lub ntsws "Alveoli", thiab cov hlab ntsha uas cuam tshuam nrog lawv.
Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov qee tus neeg hu cov kws kho mob no ua "kws kho mob ntsws," "kws kho mob ua pa," lossis "kws kho mob hauv siab." Txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho cov npe no hais txog tib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb.
Tus kws kho mob ntsws ua dab tsi?
Txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm tus kws kho mob ntsws yog kuaj mob thiab kho cov kab mob ntawm lub cev ua pa kom raug. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev kawm no kuj dav heev. Yog li ntawd, qee tus kws kho mob ntsws tshwj xeeb hauv lwm cov kev kawm me.
Piv txwv li:
- Kev Kho Mob Hnyav: Qee cov kws kho mob tau txais kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb los kho cov neeg mob uas muaj teeb meem ua pa hnyav heev.
- Mob hawb pob: Muaj cov neeg uas tau kawm ntxiv txog cov kev kho mob tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg mob hawb pob.
- Tshuaj Kho Mob Pw Tsaug Zog: Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov txog cov neeg pw tsaug zog thiab ua tsis taus pa thaum pw tsaug zog . Muaj cov kws kho mob uas tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho cov mob xws li "Pw Tsaug Zog Apnea".
- Cov Kws Kho Mob Plab Hnyuv Me Nyuam: Tshwj xeeb, cov kws kho mob uas tshwj xeeb hauv cov kab mob ntsws rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo.
- Cov Kws Kho Mob Hlwb Rau Cov Neeg Laus: Cov kws kho mob uas mob siab rau cov kab mob ntsws rau cov neeg laus, hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoo.
Cov kws kho mob ntsws kho cov mob dab tsi?
Cov kws kho mob ntsws kho ntau yam kab mob thiab tej yam mob uas ua rau ua pa nyuaj. Cia peb saib qee yam tseem ceeb:
- Asbestosis
- Kab mob Aspergillosis
- Mob hawb pob
- Kab mob ntsws
- Mob ntsws (bronchitis) - Qhov no kuj yog ib qho mob ntev uas yuav tsum tau xa mus rau ib tus kws tshwj xeeb.
- Kab Mob Berylliosis Ntev (Berylliosis)
- Kab mob ntsws ntev (COPD): Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb ntau.
- Kab mob ntsws dub rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv thee
- Mob Cystic Fibrosis
- Mob ntsws (Emphysema) - Qhov no kuj yog ib feem ntawm COPD.
- Kab Mob Ntsws Interstitial
- Kev ua pa nyuaj vim yog COVID ntev
- Mob qog nqaij hlav ntsws
- Mob ntshav siab hauv lub ntsws
- Kab mob Sarcoidosis
- Silicosis
- Kev pw tsaug zog tsis taus pa
- Kab mob ntsws
Daim ntawv teev npe no tsis tiav, tab sis cov no yog qee qhov mob uas tshwm sim ntau tshaj plaws.
Vim li cas koj thiaj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob ntsws?
Koj tus kws kho mob feem ntau yuav xa koj mus rau tus kws kho mob ntsws yog tias lawv xav tias koj muaj mob ua pa uas yuav tsum tau kuaj tshwj xeeb. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom koj mus ntsib tus kws kho mob ntsws yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no:
- Hnoos Ntev: Kev hnoos uas kav ntev tshaj ob peb lub lis piam yuav tsum yog qhov ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb.
- Ua tsis taus pa: Txawm hais tias nws yog ib txwm ua tsis taus pa nrog me ntsis kev siv zog, nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav yog tias koj ua tsis taus pa txawm tias koj tsuas sawv ntsug xwb.
- Kev mob hawb pob hnyav zuj zus (Kev mob hawb pob tawm tsam): Yog tias koj tus mob hawb pob tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau thiab ua ntau zaus dua.
- Mob hauv siab los yog nruj: Qhov no tuaj yeem yog ib qho tsos mob ntawm kab mob plawv, tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem yog vim muaj teeb meem ntsws.
- Lub suab nrov nrov yog lub suab hu nkauj los ntawm hauv siab.
- Cov tsos mob ntawm kev pw tsaug zog apnea: Piv txwv li, tsaug zog ntau dhau thaum nruab hnub thiab ua snoring nrov.
Xav txog seb, koj ib tug phooj ywg tau hnoos tau ntau lub hlis lawm, thiab txawm tias noj tshuaj los, nws zoo li tsis zoo dua. Nws tsev neeg tus kws kho mob tau xa nws mus rau tus kws kho mob ntsws. Thaum ntawd peb xav tau kev pab tshwj xeeb no.
Yuav ua li cas thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob ntsws thawj zaug?
Yog tias qhov no yog thawj zaug koj mus ntsib kws kho mob ntsws, nws yuav nug koj txog koj keeb kwm kev mob thiab tom qab ntawd kuaj lub cev. Lub sijhawm no, koj tuaj yeem tham txog koj cov laj thawj rau kev mus ntsib thiab koj cov tsos mob nrog kws kho mob.
Xav txog seb, yuav zoo npaum li cas yog tias koj npaj tau me ntsis ua ntej koj mus ntsib kws kho mob, ib yam li koj tab tom kawm rau kev xeem. Nov yog qee yam uas koj tuaj yeem sau cia:
Tej yam koj tuaj yeem npaj ua ntej lub rooj sib tham:
- Koj muaj cov tsos mob ntev npaum li cas lawm?
- Koj puas tau pom muaj tej yam tshwj xeeb uas ua rau koj cov tsos mob hnyav zuj zus ? (piv txwv li, qee yam kab mob ua pa,kev ntxhov siab, qee qhov kev hloov pauv huab cua).
- Puas muaj tej yam uas ua rau koj cov tsos mob hnyav dua lossis hnyav dua ?
- Koj puas haus luam yeeb? Koj puas haus luam yeeb hluav taws xob? Los yog koj puas tau ua li ntawd yav dhau los?
- Koj puas raug cov tshuaj ua xua lossis cov tshuaj ua rau lub ntsws khaus los ntawm koj txoj haujlwm, kev nyiam ua si, lossis ib puag ncig nyob ? (piv txwv li, pa luam yeeb, tshuaj lom neeg, nplej, tsiaj txhu, noog).
- Puas muaj leej twg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj kab mob ua pa?
- Koj puas muaj lus nug dab tsi uas koj xav nug tus kws kho mob ? (Nws yog ib lub tswv yim zoo kom sau cov no ua ntej, txwv tsis pub koj yuav hnov qab lawv qee zaum.)
Yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim thaum kawg ntawm lub rooj sib tham?
Tom qab koj saib xyuas koj cov tsos mob thiab kuaj koj, koj tus kws kho mob yuav:
- Muaj kev txiav txim kom muaj ntau qhov kev xeem ntxiv.
- Teem sijhawm mus ntsib tom qab.
- Pom zoo kom kho mob los yog sau tshuaj rau.
- Xa mus rau lwm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li, yog tias koj qhov teeb meem raug xav tias muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kab mob plawv).
Tus kws kho mob ntsws ua cov kev kuaj twg?
Tus kws kho mob ntsws yuav xaj ntau yam kev kuaj mob los pab kuaj koj tus mob thiab xaiv txoj kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws. Qee qhov ntawm cov no suav nrog:
- Kev Kuaj Ntshav: Cov no tuaj yeem nrhiav tau tej yam xws li kev kis kab mob hauv lub cev thiab cov cim ntawm qee yam kab mob ntsws.
- Kev kuaj duab xws li kev thaij duab X-ray hauv siab lossis CT scans (Computed Tomography Scans): Cov no tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas qhov mob ntawm lub ntsws, thiab seb puas muaj qog lossis lwm yam tsis zoo.
- Kev Ntsuas Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Lub Ntsws (Pulmonary Function Tests - PFTs): Cov no yog cov kev ntsuam xyuas uas ntsuas seb koj lub ntsws ua haujlwm zoo npaum li cas thiab koj tuaj yeem nqus cua ntau npaum li cas rau hauv thiab tawm.
- Spirometry: Qhov no kuj yog PFT. Nws ntsuas seb koj ua pa sai npaum li cas thiab ua pa ntau npaum li cas. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev rau kev kuaj mob xws li mob hawb pob thiab COPD.
- Kev kuaj mob ntsws (Bronchoscopy): Ib qho kev kuaj uas siv ib lub raj me me uas muaj lub koob yees duab xa mus rau hauv lub raj cua kom saib sab hauv lub ntsws. Yog tias tsim nyog, kuj tuaj yeem coj cov qauv nqaij (biopsies) nrog rau txoj kev kuaj no.
- Kev Kawm Txog Kev Pw Tsaug Zog: Qhov kev xeem no yog ua los txiav txim seb puas muaj tej yam mob xws li Kev Pw Tsaug Zog Apnea.
Qee zaum yuav tsum tau ua cov kev kuaj no dua lossis yuav tsum tau ua ntxiv kom paub tseeb tias cov txiaj ntsig zoo li cas. Tsis txhob txhawj txog qhov ntawd, nws yog txhua yam hais txog kev muab kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau koj.
Qhov txawv ntawm tus kws kho mob ua pa thiab tus kws kho mob ntsws yog dab tsi?
Feem ntau hais lus, ob tug no yog tib tug kws tshwj xeeb. Ntawd yog, ib tug 'Pulmonologist'. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum thaum peb hais tias 'Kws Kho Mob Ua Pa', nws kuj txhais tau tias ib tug neeg zoo li 'Kws Kho Mob Ua Pa', 'Kws Kho Mob Ua Xua', lossis 'Kws Phais Mob Hauv Siab'. Tag nrho cov no yog cov neeg uas pab tswj ntau yam ntawm cov kab mob ntsws thiab ua pa.
Qhov txawv ntawm tus kws kho mob plawv thiab tus kws kho mob ntsws yog dab tsi?
Qhov txawv nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev tshwj xeeb. Tus kws kho mob plawv yog tus kws tshwj xeeb hauv cov kab mob ntawm lub plawv thiab lub plawv. Ntawm qhov tod tes, tus kws kho mob ntsws yog tus kws tshwj xeeb hauv cov kab mob ntawm lub ntsws thiab lub cev ua pa.
Tiam sis xav txog nws, peb lub plawv thiab lub ntsws yog ob lub cev uas ua haujlwm ze heev ua ke. Yog li, yog tias koj muaj mob zoo li '(Pulmonary Hypertension)' (pulmonary hypertension), koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob plawv thiab kws kho mob ntsws. Vim tias nyob rau hauv qhov mob zoo li no, ob lub plawv thiab lub ntsws raug cuam tshuam.
Koj ua li cas los ua tus kws kho mob ntsws?
Ua ib tug kws kho mob ntsws tsis yog ib txoj haujlwm yooj yim. Nws yuav tsum tau ntau xyoo ntawm kev kawm thiab kev cob qhia ua haujlwm . Tom qab ua tiav koj daim MBBS, koj yuav tsum tau ua kev cob qhia tom qab kawm tiav qib siab hauv Kev Kho Mob Sab Hauv. Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau ua ib qho kev sib raug zoo hauv Kev Kho Mob Ntsws. Qee tus neeg kuj cob qhia hauv lwm yam kev tshwj xeeb, xws li kev kho mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev. Qhov no yog ib txoj kev taug kev ntev thiab xav tau kev mob siab ntau.
Thaum kawg, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws!
Feem ntau peb tsis xav txog kev ua pa, puas yog? Tiam sis, tsuas yog thaum peb muaj teeb meem me me xwb peb thiaj li paub txog nws qhov tseem ceeb. Yog tias koj hnoos tas li, lossis yog tias koj xav tias koj ua tsis taus pa zoo li yav tas los, cov kab mob ua pa tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau peb lub neej. Qee zaum cov mob no tuaj yeem loj heev thiab kav ntev mus ib txhis. Txawm li cas los xij, qee yam mob tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo yog tias lawv raug kuaj pom thiab kho kom zoo.
Qhov ntawd yog qhov uas tus kws kho mob ntsws tuaj koom. Lawv muaj kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb kom nkag siab txog koj lub cev ua pa ua haujlwm li cas thiab dab tsi ua rau muaj cov tsos mob xws li hnoos thiab ua tsis taus pa. Lawv tuaj yeem pab koj tswj koj cov mob mus sij hawm ntev thiab ua rau koj lub neej yooj yim dua me ntsis.
Yog tias koj tsis paub tseeb tias koj puas yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob ntsws, nug koj tus kws kho mob tsev neeg lossis lwm tus kws kho mob uas koj ntseeg siab kom tau lus qhia. Lawv yuav qhia tau koj tias yuav tsum ua li cas. Nco ntsoov tias, lub ntsws noj qab haus huv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub neej noj qab haus huv!
`Kws kho mob ntsws, kws kho mob ntsws, kab mob ua pa, hnoos, ua pa luv luv, mob hawb pob, COPD
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus