Thaum peb hnov txog mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis, peb xav tsis thoob heev. Thiab thaum peb hnov tias nws yog theem plaub, uas yog, mob qog noj ntshav tau kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev, nws tseem txaus ntshai thiab ua rau lub nra hnyav dua. Qhov no yog qhov xwm txheej loj heev. Tab sis nrog rau kev tshawb fawb kho mob siab heev no, muaj ntau yam kev kho mob uas tuaj yeem ua tau ntawm theem no, uas tuaj yeem pab tswj tus kab mob thiab ua kom lub neej ntev. Yog li cia peb tham txog qhov no hnub no, kom nrhiav tau cov lus teb yooj yim rau cov lus nug uas koj muaj hauv siab.
Theem IV yog dab tsi tiag?
Hais yooj yim xwb, theem 4 txhais tau tias cov qog nqaij hlav uas pib hauv lub mis tau kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev los ntawm cov ntshav lossis cov hlab ntsha lymph. Qhov kev kis no hu ua 'Metastasis'. Cov chaw feem ntau uas qog nqaij hlav tuaj yeem kis tau li no yog cov pob txha, lub hlwb, lub ntsws, lossis lub siab .
Qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nkag siab ntawm no yog tias lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob ntawm theem no tsis yog kho tus kab mob kom zoo tag nrho, tab sis yog tswj kev loj hlob ntawm tus mob qog noj ntshav, txo cov tsos mob, thiab muab lub neej zoo rau koj ntev li ntev tau. Qee tus neeg mob nyob tau ntau xyoo nrog kev kho mob no. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tsis txhob ntshai thaum koj hnov txog qhov ua tau no, tab sis yuav tsum tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob kom zoo txog cov kev xaiv kho mob uas muaj.
Cov kev kho mob tseem ceeb muaj dab tsi?
Nyob rau theem 4, vim tias tus mob qog nqaij hlav tau kis mus rau ntau qhov chaw, nws nyuaj rau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo nrog kev kho mob uas tsuas yog tsom rau ib qho chaw, xws li phais lossis kev kho mob hluav taws xob. Yog li ntawd, kev kho mob thoob plaws lub cev uas cuam tshuam rau tag nrho lub cev feem ntau yog siv.
Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav
Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav feem ntau yog kev kho mob tseem ceeb rau theem no. Nws ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tua cov hlwb qog noj ntshav uas faib sai sai. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb qeeb kev loj hlob ntawm qog noj ntshav. Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav muaj ntau txoj hauv kev sib txawv. Qee zaum nws yog muab ua cov tshuaj, tab sis feem ntau nws yog muab rau hauv cov hlab ntsha (los ntawm cov leeg ntshav) .
Kev kho mob no tsis yog muab tas mus li. Feem ntau nws muab ua ntau lub voj voog . Tom qab ib lub voj voog tiav lawm, lub cev tau so ib ntus kom rov zoo. Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd lub voj voog tom ntej thiaj li pib.
Kev Kho Mob Hormone
Txoj kev kho mob no tsis haum rau txhua tus. Nws zoo tshaj plaws rau cov poj niam uas muaj ib hom mob qog noj ntshav hu ua hormone receptor-positive . Qhov no txhais tau tias cov tshuaj hormones xws li estrogen hauv lawv lub cev ua rau cov hlwb qog noj ntshav loj hlob. Xav txog nws li no: cov tshuaj hormones zoo li tus yuam sij, thiab tus receptor ntawm lub hlwb qog noj ntshav zoo li lub xauv. Thaum koj muab tus yuam sij tso rau hauv, lub xauv yuav qhib thiab mob qog noj ntshav loj hlob.
Yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj hormones no ua yog txwv tsis pub tsim cov yuam sij (hormone), lossis thaiv nws kom tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv lub xauv. Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb uas muab rau qhov no yog:
- "Tamoxifen"
- Cov tshuaj Aromatase inhibitors (rau cov poj niam postmenopausal) - Piv txwv li: Anastrozole (Arimidex), Exemestane (Aromasin)
- Cov tshuaj xws li 'Fulvestrant (Faslodex)' uas thaiv cov receptors hormone.
Qee zaum, kev phais tshem cov zes qe menyuam yog qhov pom zoo rau cov poj niam uas tseem tsis tau txog hnub nyoog tas li, vim nws yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los tiv thaiv kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones uas pab kom mob qog noj ntshav loj hlob.
Kev Kho Mob Rau Lub Hom Phiaj
Qhov no yog ib txoj kev kho mob tshiab thiab zoo heev. Es tsis txhob ua rau cov hlwb noj qab haus huv puas tsuaj xws li kev kho mob chemotherapy, nws tsom thiab tawm tsam cov protein lossis cov noob caj noob ces tshwj xeeb uas pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav xwb . Qhov no ua rau muaj tsawg tsawg qhov tshwm sim.
Kwv yees li ntawm 20% ntawm cov poj niam uas muaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis muaj cov protein hu ua 'HER2' ntau dhau. Qhov no ua rau mob qog noj ntshav kis tau sai. Rau cov mob qog noj ntshav 'HER2-positive' no, cov tshuaj xws li 'Trastuzumab (Herceptin)' raug muab. Nws tiv thaiv cov protein 'HER2' kom tsis txhob ua haujlwm thiab tswj kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlwb qog noj ntshav.
Nco ntsoov tias, theem plaub tsis tau txhais hais tias kev kho mob tas. Lub sijhawm no yog lub sijhawm los tsom mus rau kev kho mob uas pab tswj tus kab mob thiab ua kom lub neej zoo.
Cia peb saib qee hom kev kho mob uas tsom mus rau lwm tus hauv lub rooj hauv qab no.
| Hom kev kho mob uas tsom mus rau | Lub hom phiaj thiab kev ua haujlwm | Siv cov ntaub ntawv |
|---|---|---|
| Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv CDK4/6 | Thaiv cov protein hu ua CDK thiab tswj kev faib cov cell mob qog noj ntshav. Piv txwv li: Palbociclib (Ibrance), Ribociclib (Kisqali) | Rau cov qog nqaij hlav hormone receptor-positive thiab HER2-negative. |
| Cov tshuaj PARP inhibitors | Lub hom phiaj yog cov protein PARP, uas pab cov hlwb qog noj ntshav loj hlob. Piv txwv li: Olaparib (Lynparza) | Rau cov mob qog noj ntshav uas yog HER2-negative thiab muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm BRCA gene. |
| Cov tshuaj mTOR inhibitors | Thaiv cov protein mTOR thiab tiv thaiv cov qog nqaij hlav loj hlob thiab kis mus rau lwm qhov. Piv txwv li: Everolimus (Afinitor) | Nrog kev kho mob hormone rau cov hom mob qog noj ntshav tshwj xeeb. |
| Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib xyaw ua ke | Ib yam tshuaj chemo txuas nrog ib yam tshuaj antibody, uas xa cov tshuaj ncaj qha mus rau lub cell mob qog noj ntshav thiab rhuav tshem nws. Piv txwv li: Sacituzumab govitecan (Trodelvy) | Rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis uas mob heev. |
Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob
Qhov no kuj yog ib txoj kev kho mob siab heev. Es tsis txhob muab tshuaj los ntawm sab nraud los tua tus mob qog noj ntshav, nws ua rau koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob nrhiav thiab rhuav tshem cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Qee cov hlwb qog noj ntshav paub yuav ua li cas nkaum ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog li cov tshuaj no ua rau cov txheej txheem zais ntawd tsis ua haujlwm thiab tso cai rau cov hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob paub txog tus mob qog noj ntshav.
Kev phais thiab kev siv hluav taws xob
Raws li peb tau hais ua ntej lawm, cov no tsis yog siv ua kev kho mob tseem ceeb rau theem no. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj mob hnyav rau qhov chaw uas mob qog noj ntshav tau kis mus, piv txwv li hauv pob txha, kev kho mob hluav taws xob raug muab los tswj qhov mob thiab lwm yam tsos mob . Tsis tas li ntawd, kev phais tsuas yog ua tau yog tias tsim nyog los tswj cov teeb meem.
Lwm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb
- Kev tswj cov teeb meem sab nraud: Tag nrho cov kev kho mob no tuaj yeem muaj cov teeb meem sab nraud, xws li xeev siab, ntuav, thiab qaug zog. Tab sis muaj cov tshuaj siv los tswj lawv. Yog li qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txog txhua yam kev tsis xis nyob uas koj xav.
- Kev Sim Tshuaj: Tej zaum koj yuav koom nrog "Kev Sim Tshuaj", uas sim cov kev kho mob tshiab uas tseem tsis tau siv dav. Cov no yuav muab sijhawm rau koj tau txais cov kev kho mob tshiab. Nug koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no thiab.
Txoj kev taug kev no tsis yog ib qho uas koj yuav dhau mus ib leeg xwb. Koj tsev neeg, cov phooj ywg, cov kws kho mob, cov kws tu mob, thiab tag nrho pab pawg kho mob nrog koj. Nrhiav kev txhawb nqa los ntawm lawv. Qhia koj txoj kev xav. Nws yuav yog lub zog loj heev rau kev dhau lub sijhawm nyuaj no.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis theem IV txhais tau hais tias mob qog noj ntshav tau kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.
- Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob ntawm theem no tsis yog kom kho tau tus kab mob kom tag nrho, tab sis kom tswj tau tus mob qog noj ntshav, txo cov tsos mob, thiab ua kom lub neej ntev dua nrog lub neej zoo.
- Kev kho mob chemotherapy, kev kho mob hormonal, kev kho mob targeted, thiab kev kho mob immunotherapy yog cov kev kho mob tseem ceeb.
- Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab seb yuav kho qhov twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj raws li koj tus mob qog nqaij hlav (piv txwv li, HER2-positive lossis hormone receptor-positive).
- Kuj tseem muaj cov tshuaj los tswj cov kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev kho mob, yog li nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog txhua yam kev tsis xis nyob uas koj yuav ntsib.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum muaj lub siab tawv thiab nrhiav kev txhawb nqa los ntawm tsev neeg thiab pab pawg kho mob.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus