Koj tus kws kho mob puas tau hais txog kev kuaj mob hu ua 'Tumor Markers'? Los yog koj puas tau hnov lo lus no qhov twg los? Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov ob lo lus no thaum tham txog mob qog noj ntshav. Thaum koj hnov lub npe no, koj yuav ntshai me ntsis, thiab tej zaum yuav muaj ib lo lus nug loj los rau hauv koj lub siab. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog ib yam dab tsi uas yuav tsum ntshai. Hnub no, peb yuav tham txog qhov no yooj yim heev, meej meej, thiab hauv txoj kev uas koj nkag siab tau. Vim tias qhov no yog ib yam dab tsi uas tseem ceeb heev rau ntau tus neeg uas tawm tsam mob qog noj ntshav thiab lawv tsev neeg.
Zoo, yog li cov cim qhia txog qog nqaij hlav no yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov cim qhia txog mob qog noj ntshav yog txhua yam khoom hauv koj lub cev uas muab qee cov ntaub ntawv lossis lub cim qhia txog mob qog noj ntshav rau peb. Feem ntau, cov no yog cov protein uas cov hlwb qog noj ntshav tsim tawm. Tab sis qee zaum, txawm tias cov hlwb ib txwm, tsis yog qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem tsim cov cim no los teb rau mob qog noj ntshav. Cov no qee zaum hu ua cov cim qhia txog mob qog noj ntshav, lossis cov cim qhia txog cov kab mob.
Xav txog nws li no. Ib yam li tub ceev xwm nrhiav pov thawj ntawm qhov chaw ua txhaum cai, thaum cov kws kho mob xav tias muaj mob qog noj ntshav, lawv siv hom "pov thawj" no hauv peb lub cev los nrhiav seb nws puas muaj tiag thiab nws yog hom twg.
Cov no tsis yog cov protein xwb. Qee zaum txawm tias kev hloov pauv hauv peb cov DNA (kev hloov pauv) tuaj yeem ua lub cim qhia txog qog nqaij hlav. Yog li qhov no yog ib qho kev kawm dav heev.
Peb kawm tau dab tsi los ntawm cov kev xeem no?
Cov cim qhia txog qog nqaij hlav tsis yog ib qho kev kuaj uas siv ib leeg xwb. Tus kws kho mob yuav muab lawv ua ke nrog lwm yam kev kuaj (piv txwv li, CT scans, MRI scans, thiab biopsy tests) kom txog thaum xaus lus. Cov kev kuaj no tuaj yeem qhia peb ntau yam tseem ceeb.
- Tau ib qho lus qhia txog mob qog noj ntshav: Cov qib siab ntawm qee cov cim qog nqaij hlav tuaj yeem qhia tias muaj ib hom mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no ib leeg tsis tuaj yeem lees paub tias muaj mob qog noj ntshav.
- Pab npaj kev kho mob: Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov cim no pab xaiv txoj kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws nyob ntawm hom mob qog noj ntshav uas koj muaj.
- Saib seb koj txoj kev kho mob tam sim no puas ua haujlwm: Xav txog koj tab tom kho mob qog noj ntshav. Tom qab ib pliag, koj tus kws kho mob yuav rov kuaj koj cov cim qog noj ntshav dua. Yog tias cov qib ntawm cov cim ntawd tau txo qis, nws txhais tau tias kev kho mob ua haujlwm thiab cov hlwb qog noj ntshav raug rhuav tshem.
- Tau ib lub tswv yim ntawm qhov yuav rov zoo: Raws li cov qib ntawm qee cov cim qhia, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem tau ib lub tswv yim ntawm qhov yuav rov zoo los ntawm tus kab mob.
- Saib xyuas qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rov qab mob qog noj ntshav:Tom qab tus mob qog noj ntshav tau zoo tag nrho tom qab kev kho mob, qhov kev kuaj no yuav ua tsis tu ncua. Yog tias cov qib ntawm cov cim no nce siab dua, nws yuav yog qhov ceeb toom ntxov ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rov qab mob qog noj ntshav.
Qee cov cim qhia txog qog nqaij hlav yog tshwj xeeb rau ib hom qog nqaij hlav, thaum lwm tus tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog ntau hom qog nqaij hlav.
Cov cim qhia txog qog nqaij hlav no nyob qhov twg hauv peb lub cev?
Muaj ob hom cim qhia txog qog nqaij hlav tseem ceeb, nyob ntawm seb lawv pom qhov twg.
1. Cov Cim Qhia Txog Kab Mob Qog: Cov no pom muaj nyob rau hauv peb cov kua dej hauv lub cev. Piv txwv li:
- Ntshav
- Cov zis
- Rooj zaum
- Cov pob txha pob txha
- Cov qaub ncaug
Feem ntau koj yuav tau coj cov ntshav los ntawm koj txhais caj npab. Yog tias nws yog cov zis, cov qaub ncaug, lossis cov quav, koj yuav tau txais cov lus qhia txog yuav ua li cas coj nws. Yuav kom tau txais cov pob txha, koj yuav tsum tau ua ib qho kev phais me me hu ua "Bone Marrow Biopsy".
2. Cov Cim Qhia Txog Cov Nqaij Mob: Cov no pom muaj nyob hauv cov qog.
- Yuav kuaj xyuas cov no, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum muab ib daim me me ntawm tus mob qog noj ntshav (kev kuaj nqaij) thiab xa mus rau chav kuaj mob, qhov chaw uas cov cim no raug tshuaj xyuas.
Ntau hom tshuaj cim qog nqaij hlav uas siv ntau
Muaj ntau hom tshuaj ntsuas qog nqaij hlav siv rau ntau hom mob qog nqaij hlav. Lub rooj hauv qab no piav qhia yooj yim txog qee yam uas siv ntau tshaj plaws.
| Lub Npe Cim | Cov hom mob qog noj ntshav uas raug kuaj | Tus qauv uas yuav tsum tau kuaj |
|---|---|---|
| AFP (Alpha-fetoprotein) | Txhawm rau kuaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv siab, qog noj ntshav noob qes, thiab lwm yam qog nqaij hlav ntawm cov noob qes thiab ntsuas kev vam meej ntawm kev kho mob. | Ib qho qauv ntshav |
| BRCA1 thiab BRCA2Kev hloov pauv caj ces | Txhawm rau ntsuam xyuas qhov kev pheej hmoo, kev kuaj mob, thiab kev npaj kho mob rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis thiab mob qog noj ntshav hauv zes qe menyuam. | Ib qho qauv ntawm cov ntshav, cov qaub ncaug, lossis cov nqaij mob qog noj ntshav |
| CA 19-9 | Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov ua tiav ntawm kev kho mob rau mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub txiav, lub zais zis, cov kua tsib, thiab lub plab. | Ib qho qauv ntshav |
| CEA (Carcinoembryonic antigen) | Yuav nrhiav seb puas kho tau mob qog noj ntshav hauv plab hnyuv loj, puas yog mob qog noj ntshav tau kis mus rau lwm qhov, lossis puas rov qab los. | Ib qho qauv ntshav |
| PSA (Prostate-specific antigen) | Yuav kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav prostate rau cov txiv neej, ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob, thiab saib seb qog nqaij hlav puas tau rov qab los. | Ib qho qauv ntshav |
| Thyroglobulin | Tom qab kho mob qog noj ntshav hauv thyroid, los xyuas seb kev kho mob zoo li cas, lossis seb qog noj ntshav puas tau rov qab los. | Ib qho qauv ntshav |
Yuav nkag siab daim ntawv qhia txog kev xeem li cas?
Qhov no yog lo lus nug loj tshaj plaws uas ntau tus neeg muaj. Nws nkag siab tau tias yuav ntshai, "Kuv muaj ntau tus cim rau ntawm kuv daim ntawv qhia, yuav ua li cas tam sim no?" Cia peb tham txog nws kom meej.
Nws txhais li cas yog tias cov cim qog nqaij hlav tau nce siab?
Cov cim qhia txog qog nqaij hlav ntau ntau qhia tias muaj qog nqaij hlav. Los yog, qog nqaij hlav uas twb muaj lawm tej zaum yuav loj hlob lossis kis mus rau lwm qhov chaw (metastasized).
Tiam sis, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias tsuas yog vim cov cim qhia txog qog nqaij hlav siab xwb, nws tsis tau txhais hais tias koj muaj qog nqaij hlav 100%. Qhov no tsis yog kev kuaj mob nws tus kheej.
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaus lus los ntawm kev saib daim ntawv qhia no, koj cov tsos mob, thiab tag nrho koj cov txiaj ntsig kuaj mob ua ke. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob ntshai tsuas yog saib cov lej ntawm daim ntawv qhia xwb. Nco ntsoov tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov ntawd.
Txhais li cas thaum cov cim qhia txog qog nqaij hlav txo qis?
Qhov no feem ntau yog xov xwm zoo. Kev txo qis ntawm cov cim qhia qog nqaij hlav thaum lub sijhawm kho mob txhais tau tias koj txoj kev kho mob ua haujlwm thiab cov hlwb qog nqaij hlav raug tswj hwm. Tab sis qee zaum cov qib no tuaj yeem hloov pauv thaum lub sijhawm kho mob. Yog vim li cas koj tus kws kho mob yuav saib xyuas cov qib no dhau sijhawm, es tsis txhob cia siab rau ib qho kev kuaj xwb.
Puas tuaj yeem ua rau cov cim qog nqaij hlav nce siab txawm tias tsis muaj mob qog noj ntshav?
Yog, nws yeej ua tau. Qhov no yog ib yam dab tsi uas ntau tus neeg tsis paub, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub. Cov qib ntawm cov cim qog kuj tseem tuaj yeem nce siab vim muaj ntau yam mob uas tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav. Yog vim li ntawd peb thiaj hais tias qhov kev kuaj no ib leeg tsis yog siv los lees paub mob qog noj ntshav.
Hauv qab no yog qee yam mob uas tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav.
| Mob | Cov Cim Qhia Uas Yuav Cuam Tshuam |
|---|---|
| Kab mob ntshav tsis txaus | Cov qib cim sib txawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam. |
| Kab mob thyroid | Cov cim xws li CEA yuav raug cuam tshuam. |
| Cov qog ntawm zes qe menyuam | CA-125 (ib qho cim qhia txog mob qog nqaij hlav zes qe menyuam) yuav nce siab. |
| Kab mob raum | Muaj ntau cov cim qhia tuaj yeem nce qib vim tias lawv tsis raug tshem tawm ntawm lub cev kom raug. |
| Kab mob siab (piv txwv li Kab mob siab) | Cov cim qhia xws li AFP thiab CEA yuav nce ntxiv. |
| Cev xeeb tub | Qee cov cim qhia, xws li AFP, nce ntxiv ntuj. |
Puas siv txoj kev no nrhiav tau txhua yam mob qog noj ntshav?
Tsis yog. Raws li peb paub, tsis muaj cov cim qhia txog qog nqaij hlav uas siv tau rau txhua hom qog nqaij hlav. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, tus kws kho mob tsuas yog siv lwm txoj hauv kev xws li 'CT' scans, 'MRI' scans, 'PET' scans thiab biopsies rau kev kuaj mob thiab kev saib xyuas kev kho mob.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov cim qhia txog qog nqaij hlav yog cov cim hauv peb lub cev uas muab cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov cim qhia txog qog nqaij hlav.
- Tsuas yog siv qhov kev kuaj no xwb yeej tsis muaj peev xwm txiav txim tau tias muaj mob qog noj ntshav. Yuav tsum muaj lwm yam kev kuaj rau qhov ntawd.
- Cov cim qhia txog qog nqaij hlav siab tuaj yeem yog los ntawm lwm yam mob uas tsis yog mob qog nqaij hlav (piv txwv li, kab mob raum, kab mob siab).
- Yog tias cov tshuaj no txo qis thaum lub sijhawm kho mob ces yuav qhia tau tias kev kho mob tau zoo. Ib yam li ntawd, yog tias cov tshuaj no nce ntxiv tom qab kho mob ces yuav qhia tau tias tus kab mob rov qab los dua.
- Yog koj muaj lus nug, kev tsis ntseeg, lossis kev txhawj xeeb txog koj cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj, qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab tib yam uas yuav tsum ua yog tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov ntawd. Tsis txhob txiav txim siab raws li cov ntaub ntawv pom hauv online.
💬 Comments (0)
Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus