Tom qab koj tus me nyuam yug los, lossis tom qab tus me nyuam loj hlob me ntsis, koj yuav tsum coj nws mus rau 'chaw kho mob' tsis tu ncua, puas yog? Ib txhia neeg kuj hu qhov no tias 'chaw kho mob zoo'. Vim li cas qhov no thiaj tseem ceeb? Tus me nyuam puas yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob txawm tias nws tsis mob? Yog lawm, nws yeej yuav tsum mus. Qhov no yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los xyuas kom meej tias tus me nyuam noj qab nyob zoo thiab loj hlob zoo. Cia peb tham txog txhua yam hauv cov lus yooj yim.
Qhov 'Kev Mus Xyuas Menyuam Zoo' no yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, 'kev kuaj xyuas qhov zoo' yog thaum koj tus menyuam mus ntsib kws kho mob kom kuaj xyuas lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev loj hlob thaum lawv tsis mob. Nws zoo li muaj kev kho lub tsheb qee zaum. Nws yog hais txog kev kuaj xyuas seb txhua yam puas zoo ua ntej muaj teeb meem tshwm sim.
Cov kev kuaj no pib yuav luag tam sim ntawd tom qab yug los thiab txuas ntxiv mus txog thaum tus menyuam muaj 18-20 xyoo. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua los ntawm kws kho mob menyuam yaus lossis koj tus kws kho mob hauv tsev neeg. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov no yog los tiv thaiv cov kab mob (Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Tiv Thaiv) thiab kom ntseeg tau tias tus menyuam loj hlob zoo.
Tus kws kho mob ua dab tsi ntawm lub tsev kho mob no?
Thaum txhua zaus kuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv, tus kws kho mob yuav tsom mus rau peb yam tseem ceeb: kev kuaj lub cev, kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam, thiab kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
1. Kev Kuaj Mob Lub Cev
Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas ua nyob rau hauv tsev kho mob. Cia peb saib qee yam uas tus kws kho mob ua ntawm no.
| Kev Tshuaj Xyuas | Hais yooj yim xwb... |
|---|---|
| Kev ntsuas qhov hnyav thiab qhov siab | Tus menyuam qhov hnyav thiab qhov siab raug ntsuas thiab sau tseg rau ntawm Daim Ntawv Qhia Kev Loj Hlob hauv koj Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Menyuam (CHBR). Qhov no pab txiav txim siab seb tus menyuam puas loj hlob zoo rau lawv lub hnub nyoog. Lub Cev Qhov Ntsuas Qhov Hnyav (BMI) kuj raug suav los txiav txim siab seb tus menyuam qhov hnyav puas tsim nyog rau lawv qhov siab. |
| Lub plawv dhia thiab lub ntsws | Siv lub stethoscope, mloog tus menyuam lub plawv dhia thiab lub ntsws ua haujlwm. |
| Qhov muag, pob ntseg thiab caj pas | Yuav kuaj xyuas ob lub qhov muag, pob ntseg, thiab caj pas seb puas muaj kev kis kab mob lossis lwm yam teeb meem. |
| Lub plab thiab lwm yam kabmob | Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj lub plab kom paub seb puas muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov kabmob sab hauv xws li lub siab thiab lub zais zis. Lawv kuj tseem yuav xyuas seb tus menyuam lub duav thiab ob txhais ceg puas txav tau zoo. |
| Kev kuaj tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam mos | Rau ib tug me nyuam mos, lawv nug txog pes tsawg daim ntaub qhwv menyuam uas ntub thiab quav hauv ib hnub, pes tsawg zaus uas tus me nyuam tau noj niam mis, thiab lwm yam. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab kom tus me nyuam tau txais cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo. |
2. Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb ntawm Kev Loj Hlob thiab Kev Txhim Kho ntawm Tus Menyuam (Developmental Milestones)
Thaum ib tug me nyuam loj hlob tuaj, lawv pib ua tej yam thaum lawv muaj hnub nyoog li cas. Piv txwv li, tej yam xws li dov, nkag, taug kev, thiab tham lus. Cov no yog yam peb hu ua 'kev loj hlob ntawm cov cim qhia' .
Tus kws kho mob yuav nug koj tias, "Tus me nyuam puas dov nws tus kheej tam sim no?", "Nws puas tuav lub rooj zaum?", "Nws puas hais ob lossis peb lo lus?" Cov lus nug no yog nug kom paub seb tus me nyuam lub hlwb thiab lub cev puas loj hlob raws li qhov xav tau. Yog tias muaj kev ncua sijhawm, qhov no tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau sai thiab cov kauj ruam tsim nyog tuaj yeem ua tau.
3. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev kho mob kom noj qab haus huv yog kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob . Vim yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no, koj tus menyuam thiaj li tiv thaiv tau ntau yam kab mob loj thiab txaus ntshai, xws li mob qhua pias, mob hnoos qeev, thiab mob polio. Cov chaw kho mob no muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas xav tau raws li txoj kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv tebchaws, nyob ntawm tus menyuam lub hnub nyoog.
Kuv yuav tsum coj kuv tus menyuam mus rau lub tsev kho mob no ntau npaum li cas?
Ib tug menyuam txoj kev loj hlob sai heev thaum ob xyoos thawj zaug ntawm lub neej. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob ntau zaus thaum lub sijhawm no. Cov sijhawm ib txwm ua raws li hauv Sri Lanka yog raws li nram no:
| Cov sijhawm teem sijhawm kho mob ib txwm rau cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam yaus | |
|---|---|
| Nruab nrab ntawm 3-5 hnub tom qab yug me nyuam | Nruab nrab ntawm 2-4 lub lis piam |
| 2 lub hlis | 4 lub hlis |
| 6 lub hlis | 9 lub hlis |
| 1 xyoos (12 lub hlis) | 1 1/2 xyoos (18 lub hlis) |
| 2 xyoos | 3 xyoos |
| Tom qab ntawd ib xyoos ib zaug txog thaum muaj hnub nyoog 21 xyoos | |
Thaum koj tus menyuam loj hlob tuaj, qhov zaus ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yuav txo qis. Tab sis tsis txhob ntshai hais tias, "Tam sim no tsis muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob." Txawm tias koj tus menyuam zoo li noj qab nyob zoo los xij, qhov kev kuaj xyuas txhua xyoo no tseem ceeb heev. Lub sijhawm no, tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas koj tus menyuam qhov muag kom zoo, suav nrog:
Lub tsev kho mob no tseem ceeb dua thaum koj tus menyuam nkag mus rau hauv lub hnub nyoog hluas . Nws pab koj tus menyuam lav ris rau lawv tus kheej txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab tsim kom muaj tus cwj pwm zoo. Nws tseem yog lub sijhawm zoo los tham nrog tus kws kho mob txog cov ncauj lus tseem ceeb xws li kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kev sib deev thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hlwb.
Qhov no puas raug nqi dab tsi? Qhov xwm txheej hauv Sri Lanka yog dab tsi?
Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem uas ntau tus niam txiv muaj. Hauv Sri Lanka, muaj ob txoj hauv kev los daws qhov no.
1. Cov Tsev Kho Mob Tsoom Fwv thiab Cov Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv (MOH): Cov Chaw Kho Mob Saib Xyuas Menyuam Yaus ntawm no yog pub dawb kiag li . Kev kuaj mob, kev sab laj thiab txhua yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas cuam tshuam nrog National Immunization Program tuaj yeem tau txais dawb.
2. Cov tsev kho mob ntiag tug: Yog tias koj nyiam, koj tuaj yeem mus ntsib kws kho mob menyuam yaus ntawm tsev kho mob ntiag tug. Ntawm no, koj yuav tsum tau them ib qho nqi rau cov nqi kho mob thiab kev kuaj mob.
Tseem Ceeb: Yog tias koj mus kuaj mob ntiag tug thiab sim mus nrhiav tshuaj rau koj tus menyuam lwm yam mob (piv txwv li hnoos, mob khaub thuas) tib lub sijhawm, koj yuav raug them tus nqi sib cais. Qhov no yog vim tias kev kuaj mob yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj muaj ob lo lus nug, nws yog qhov zoo dua los teem sijhawm sib cais lossis tham nrog kws kho mob ua ntej.
Ua ntej koj mus rau lub tsev kho mob, koj yuav tsum npaj li cas?
Yuav kom siv sijhawm luv luv uas koj siv mus ntsib kws kho mob tau zoo tshaj plaws, kev npaj me ntsis yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
- Sau cov lus nug: Sau cov lus nug uas koj xav nug tus kws kho mob thiab tej yam koj txhawj xeeb (txog koj tus menyuam txoj kev noj mov, kev pw tsaug zog, thiab tus cwj pwm) rau hauv phau ntawv sau ua ntej. Yog tsis ua li ntawd, tej zaum koj yuav hnov qab lawv thaum koj mus txog.
- Paub txog kev hloov pauv ntawm koj tus menyuam: Yog tias muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv koj tus menyuam txoj kev noj qab haus huv, tus cwj pwm, lossis kev loj hlob txij li thaum mus ntsib kws kho mob zaum kawg, qhia rau tus kws kho mob txog lawv.
- Tsis txhob hnov qab phau ntawv CHBR: Nco ntsoov nqa Daim Ntawv Teev Kev Loj Hlob ntawm Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv ntawm Menyuam (CHBR) , uas tseem hu ua 'daim npav kho mob' . Txhua yam hais txog kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam thiab kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau sau tseg rau hauv.
- Lwm cov ntaub ntawv: Yog tias tus menyuam mus rau chaw zov menyuam lossis tsev kawm ntawv, thiab muaj ib yam dab tsi tseem ceeb uas cov xib fwb tau hais, qhia rau tus kws kho mob txog qhov ntawd thiab.
Mloog tus kws kho mob hais kom zoo zoo. Tsis txhob txaj muag nug dua yog tias koj tsis nkag siab. Yog tias tsim nyog, sau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau hauv koj phau ntawv sau.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Kev Mus Xyuas Menyuam Yaus Zoo tsis yog ib yam dab tsi uas koj ua thaum koj tus menyuam mob. Nws yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los saib xyuas koj tus menyuam txoj kev loj hlob, kev txhim kho, thiab kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho, thiab tiv thaiv kev mob.
- Txhua qhov kev kuaj mob suav nrog kev kuaj lub cev, kev sib tham txog cov theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev loj hlob, thiab kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsim nyog.
- Nco ntsoov ua raws li lub sijhawm teem tseg ntawm chaw kho mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ob xyoos thawj zaug ntawm koj tus menyuam lub neej. Txawm tias koj tus menyuam loj hlob tuaj, kev kuaj mob txhua xyoo tseem ceeb heev.
- Ua ntej mus rau lub tsev kho mob, sau cov lus nug uas koj xav nug, coj koj tus menyuam phau ntawv CHBR (daim npav kho mob), thiab npaj mus.
- Tsis txhob ntshai tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog tej yam tsis ntseeg lossis lus nug uas koj muaj txog koj tus menyuam txoj kev noj qab haus huv.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus