Yu gɛt dɛn prɔblɛm ya wit yu yay? (Eye Diseases) Mek wi no!

Yu dɔn ɛva fil sɔntin we strenj ɔ we nɔ fayn smɔl na yu yay? Sɔntɛm yu yay kin at, ɔ yu kin fil lɛk se yu nɔ ebul fɔ si klia wan lɛk aw yu bin de si bifo, ɔ sɔntɛm yu yay jɔs rɛd ɛn wata. Fɔ tru, dɛn tin ya kin kam bikɔs ɔf difrɛn kayn sik dɛn we de mek pɔsin in yay. So tide, lɛ wi tɔk bɔt wetin na dɛn yay sik ya, ɔ insay mɛrɛsin, ``Ay Sik'', ɛn aw fɔ tek kia ɔf dɛn. Natin nɔ de fɔ fred, di tin we impɔtant pas ɔl na fɔ no bɔt dis.

Wetin na di sik dɛn we pɔsin kin gɛt na di yay?

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, yay sik na ɛni kayn tin we kin afɛkt yu yay ɔ di pat dɛn we de rawnd am. sכm pan dεn kin rili sכdεn εn kin bεtε kwik kwik wan (`acute` kכndishכn). Fɔ ɛgzampul, wan infekshɔn na di yay. Bɔt sɔm sik dɛn de we kin bigin kwik kwik wan, bɔt kin te fɔ lɔng tɛm (`chronic` conditions).

Bɔku pan di sik dɛn we kin apin na di yay kin apin na di aybɔl. Bɔt, nɔto dat nɔmɔ. Dɛn sik ya kin afɛkt bak di mɔsul dɛm we de muv yu yay, di yay sɔkɛt, di yaylid dɛm, ɔr di skin ɛn mɔsul dɛm we de rawnd yu yay. Imajin, sɔntɛnde ivin if yu gɛt tumbu na yu yaylid, dɛn kin tek am se na yay sik.

Aw kɔmɔn sik dɛn na di yay?

Infakt, sik dɛn we pɔsin kin gɛt na in yay ɛn we pɔsin nɔ kin si fayn kin bɔku . Di Wɔl Ɛlth Ɔganayzeshɔn se i pas 2.2 bilyɔn pipul dɛn ɔlsay na di wɔl we gɛt sɔm kayn we we dɛn nɔ de si fayn ɔ we dɛn blaynd.

Wan rizin we mek yay sik kin bɔku na bikɔs wi yay nɔ de fa frɔm di ɔda pat dɛn na wi bɔdi. Infakt, yay sik kin gɛt fɔ du wit sik dɛn we de afɛkt ɔda sistɛm dɛn na wi bɔdi. Dis min se prɔblɛm dɛn we de ɔdasay na yu bɔdi kin afɛkt yu yay bak. Fɔ ɛgzampul, pɔrsin wae gɛt shuga (`Diabetes Mellitus`) kin gɛt prɔblɛm wit in yay. Na dat mek bɔku bɔku sik dɛn de we kin afɛkt di yay.

Wetin na di sik dɛn we kin kam pan pɔsin in yay?

Bɔku kɔmɔn yay sik dɛn de we dɛn kin si ɔlsay na di wɔl:

• Katarakt: Yu go dɔn yɛri bɔt dis. Katarakt na we di lens we de insay di yay kin gɛt klawd. Dis kin mek yu nɔ de si bɛtɛ smɔl smɔl.
• Refractive errors: Dis na we di yay nɔ ebul fɔ fos layt fayn fayn wan.
• `Astigmatism`: insay dis kes, di shep fכ di lens כ kכnia na di yay de difrεn sכmtεm, we kin mek yu si blכr.
• Mayopia: Nɔ de si nia: Tin dɛn we de nia de kin tan lɛk klia, bɔt tin dɛn we de fa kin tan lɛk se dɛn nɔ klia.
• Nasightedness (Hyperopia): Insay dis kɔndishɔn, pan ɔl we yu kin si tin dɛn we de fa, tin dɛn we de nia, lɛk buk ɔ nyuspepa, nɔ kin klia so.
• Presbyopia (nearsightedness) kin apin pan bɔrku pipul dɛm afta dɛn dɔn ol 40. E kin tranga fɔ si tin dɛm wae de nia.
• Glɔkoma: .dis na kכndyushכn we di prεshכn insay di yay de inkrεs, we de pwεl di optik nεv. Dis na sik wae kin mek yu nɔr de si fayn, so i impɔtant fɔ no am kwik.
• Makula dijeneshɔn (AMD) we gɛt fɔ du wit di ej: Dis na sik we di sɛntral pat pan di yay in retina kin pwɛl, we kin mek di yay nɔ de si fayn ɛn i kin chenj we yu si am stret.
• Retinopathy we gɛt fɔ du wit dayabitis: Na pipul dɛn we gɛt dayabitis, if dɛn nɔ kɔntrol di blɔd shuga, di blɔd vesel dɛn na di yay kin pwɛl, ɛn dis kin afɛkt di we aw dɛn de si.

Apat frɔm dat, di bad bad tin dɛn we kin apin to pɔsin in yay na di men tin we kin mek i nɔ ebul fɔ si fayn igen. Na dat mek masta sabi pipul dɛn kin stɔdi dɛn injury ya as sik, fɔ fɛn bɛtɛ we fɔ mek dɛn nɔ gɛt ɛn trit dɛn.

Ay kansa ɛn tumbu nɔ kin bɔku. Bɔt sɔntɛnde, dɛn kin de divɛlɔp. We yu de chɛk yu yay ɔltɛm, dat kin ɛp fɔ no dɛn kwik kwik wan. Laki, bɔku pan dɛn tumbu ya nɔto kansa (benign). Dat min se dɛn nɔ denja. Bɔt ivin dɛn kayn tumbu dɛn de sɔntɛnde dɛn kin nid fɔ pul dɛn fɔ mek dɛn nɔ pwɛl di tisu we de rawnd.

Aw dɛn kin sheb di sik dɛn we de na di yay?

Bɔku we dɛn de fɔ sheb di sik dɛn we pɔsin kin gɛt na di yay. Lɛ wi luk sɔm pan di men wan dɛn:

1. Akɔdin to di pat pan di yay we de afɛkt: Dat min se if di sik afɛkt di lens, di retina, ɔ di optik nɛv.

2. bay di כndalayn kכz: sכm sik dεm kin stat na di yay insεf (`Primary eye diseases`). כda sik dεm de we de afekt di yay leta bikoz fכ wan sik we de כda say na di bכdi (`Secondary eye diseases`). fכ egzampl, hεy bכdi prεshכn (`haypertεnshכn`) kin afekt di yay dεm.

3. Bay di sayn dɛm ɛn di ifɛkt dɛm: Dat min se, us kayn simptom dis sik de kɔz ɛn us prɔses dɛm na di yay de ambɔg.

4. Bay aw i tek am: Sɔm tin lɛk ay infɛkshɔn kin bɛtɛ insay sɔm dez (`acute`). Bɔt sɔm sik dɛn lɛk glaukoma kin las fɔ mɔnt, ia, ɔ ivin fɔ ɔl dɛn layf (`chronic`).

We wi de tɔk bɔt yay sik, smɔl difrɛns de bitwin di wɔd dɛm "say" ɛn "vishɔn."

• Sayt: Dis kin bigin we layt go insay di yay tru di kɔnia ɛn dɔn we i fɔdɔm pan di retina. Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, na di we aw di yay ebul fɔ mek wan imej.
• Vishɔn: Dis wan brayt pas dat fa fawe. I inklud ɔl di step dɛn we pɔsin kin du fɔ si. I inklud bak aw wi nervɔs sistɛm de prosɛs dɛn vishɔnal signal ya ɛn tɔn dɛn to wetin wi de si.

Pan ɔl we bɔku pipul dɛn, ivin masta sabi bukman dɛn, kin yuz dɛn tu wɔd ya fɔ chenj, nɔto di sem tin ɔltɛm. Sik dɛm wae gɛt fɔ du wit "Sight" na spɛshal wan fɔ di yay. כltu, sik dεm we de fכ "Vision" kin involv di bren εn optik nεv dεm bak. Na dat mek sɔm sik dɛn kin mek pɔsin nɔ ebul fɔ si fayn ilɛksɛf in yay fayn.

Wetin na di sayn dɛm wae de sho se yu gɛt sik na yu yay?

Ay sik kin gɛt bɔku sayn dɛm. Dɛn tin ya kin kam mɔ insay difrɛn we dɛn:

• Tin dɛn we yu de fil:
• Ay pen
• Bɔn, it, ɛn sting na di yay
• Ay strɛyn
• Di chenj dɛn we de apin na di we aw di yay de wok:
• We yu yay kin te bɔku tɛm (epiphora) .
• I nɔ izi fɔ kɔntrol di we aw yu de blink
• Di chenj dɛn we de apin na di we aw di yay dɛn de luk:
• di wayt dεm na di yay dεm we de yכlכ (scleral icterus) - Dis kin bi sayn fכ wan sik lεk janda.
• Di yay dɛn we de rɛd
• blak sεkכl dεm na di yay, we min se di pupil dεm rili sכm (miosis) .
• Di chenj dɛn we de apin na di yay muvmɛnt ɔ pozishɔn:
• di yay dεm nכ de pכynt na di sem dairekshכn, wan yay de tכn na do כ insay (`exotropia` כ `esotropia`) - wi kin kכl dis bak divεlכpmεnt.
• Chenj dɛn na di we aw yu de si:
• Fɔ si tu tin dɛn wan tɛm (diplopia) .
• Di vishɔn we nɔ klia
• Lɛk fɔ luk tru tiub, fɔ si di sɛnt nɔmɔ we yu nɔ si di tin dɛn we de rawnd (`tunnel vision`)
• Di layt sɛnsitiviti we de go ɔp
• Ridyus vishɔn na nɛt

Impɔtant: If yu kɔntinyu fɔ gɛt wan ɔ mɔ pan dɛn sayn ya, mek shɔ se yu go to dɔktɔ fɔ yu yay. Nɔ ignore am.

Wetin na di tin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin gɛt sik na di yay?

Bɔku bɔku tin dɛn de we kin mek pɔsin gɛt sik dɛn na di yay. Sɔm na tin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin gɛt dis sik, ɛn ɔda wan dɛn na tin dɛn we kin mek i gɛt mɔ prɔblɛm.

• Jεnεtiks: na wi `DNA` de sho aw wi yay dεm de divεlכp εn fכ wok. So, plεnti yay sik kin divεlכp bikoz fכ chenj dεm (`mכtεshכn`) na `DNA`. Fɔ ɛgzampul, dɛn kin bɔn sɔm pipul dɛn wit `kɔlɔ blayndnɛs`.
• di chenj dεm we di yay dεm de divεlכp εn gro: dεn chenj dεm ya kin bigin we yu stil de na yu mama in bεlε as pikin, כ i kin ivin apin we yu sכm pikin.
• Di tin dɛn we de apin na di envayrɔmɛnt: Na tin dɛn we de arawnd wi kin gɛt sik dɛn bak na di yay. Bɔku tin kin afɛkt dis, lɛk we pɔsin de pan ɔltra vayolɛt layt we pasmak, dɔst we de na di ays, di ples we di ples kin wam, ɛn di ples we di ples kin wam.
• Sik dɛm wae kin kam pan pɔrsin: Ay sik kin kam wit difrɛn kayn patɔjɛns dɛm - vayrɔs, baktri dɛm, fɛns, ɛn parasayt dɛm. Dɛn tin ya kin infɛkt di yay dairekt ɔ i kin spre to di yay frɔm ɔdasay na di bɔdi.
• Ɔda tin dɛn we kin apin to pɔsin we nɔ de mɛn: Bɔku sik dɛn we kin afɛkt di wan ol bɔdi kin mek prɔblɛm wit di yay bak. Sɔm ɛgzampul dɛn na ay blɔd prɛshɔn (haypa prɛshɔn), tayp 2 dayabitis, ɛn sɔm tayroyd sik dɛn.
• Di bad bad tin dɛn we bin dɔn apin na di yay bifo:Sɔmtɛm, wae yu yay pwɛl, dat kin mek yu gɛt mɔr sik na yu yay leta na yu layf.
• Idiopathic kɔz dɛm: "Idiopathic" min se dɛn nɔ no di kɔz. Dis min se ivin masta sabi pipul dɛn nɔ kin ebul fɔ fɛn di rayt rizin (pan ɔl we dis kin chenj as tɛm de go).

Aw fɔ no if pɔsin gɛt ay sik?

Wan dɔktɔ we de mɛn yu yay (ɔ dɔktɔ we de mɛn yu yay) ɔ ɔda pɔsin we de kia fɔ yu wɛlbɔdi biznɛs kin yuz bɔku we dɛn fɔ no if pɔsin gɛt sik dɛn na di yay. Di impɔtant ɛn men tin fɔ no bɔt dɛn sik ya na fɔ chɛk yu yay . Bɔrku pipul kin tink se dis na jɔs tɛst fɔ si aw yu kin si fayn (visual acuity), bɔt nɔto so.

I fayn fɔ mek yu du ay ɛgzam wan tɛm insay di ia, jɔs lɛk aw wi kin du jenɛral wɛlbɔdi chɛk. If yu gɛt sayn dɛn fɔ yu yay, yu dɔktɔ kin du mɔ spɛshal tɛst dɛn bak. Sɔm pan di tin dɛm we dɛn kin du we dɛn de ɛgzamin yu yay, lɛk fɔ mek yu yay big ɛn fɔ slit lamp ɛgzam (spɛshal magnifying glas we de mek yu si di fɔs pat pan yu yay), kin rili ɛp fɔ no if yu gɛt wan sik.

Yu ay spɛshal dɔktɔ kin tɛl yu fɔ du ɔda spɛshal ay tɛst dɛn. Sɔm pan dɛn na:

• Fluorescein angiography: Dis na fɔ injekt spɛshal wata insay wan vein na di an ɛn tek pikchɔ fɔ di blɔd vesel dɛn we de insay di yay.
• Tonometry: Dis de mekɔp di prɛshɔn we de insay di yay. Dis impɔtant fɔ no bɔt sik dɛn lɛk glaukoma.
• di rεtina imej: dεn de tek imej dεm fכ di rεtina we de na di bak pat pan di yay.
• di tכpכgrafi fכ di kכnia: dεn tek di kכnia sεf, di transparent pat pan di fכnt pat pan di yay, lεk map.
• Optical coherence tomography (OCT): Dis tan lɛk ɔltra saund skan fɔ di yay. i kin tek kכros-sekshכnal imej dεm fכ di layεr dεm na di yay.

Ɔda tɛst dɛn de we nɔto fɔ di yay nɔmɔ, bɔt dɛn kin ɛp:

• Blɔd tɛst: Dɛn tin ya kin chɛk fɔ si if pɔsin gɛt prɔblɛm wit di imyun sistɛm, if i gɛt infɛkshɔn, ɔ if i gɛt DNA ɛn di jenɛtik tɛst.
• `Imaging` test: Tin dεm lεk `Ultrasound`, `CT scans` (Kכmpyuta Tomografi), εn `MRI` (Magnetic Resonance Imaging).
• nyurolכjik tεst dεm: tεst dεm we de analכz di bren aktiviti, lεk wan `Ilektroεnεsεfalogram (EEG).`

If yu dɔktɔ we de mɛn yu yay ɔ ɔda dɔktɔ tɛl yu fɔ du ɔda tɛst lɛk dɛn wan ya, dɛn go tɛl yu mɔ bɔt wetin dɛn bi ɛn aw dɛn go ɛp yu.

Aw dɛn kin trit ay sik?

Di tritmɛnt fɔ ay sik kin difrɛn lɛk aw di kayn sik dɛn kin gɛt. Sɔm tritmɛnt dɛn kin ɛp fɔ gɛt bɔku bɔku sik dɛn. Ɔda wan dɛn kin rili spɛshal, we min se dɛn mek dɛn fɔ wan patikyula kɔndishɔn nɔmɔ.

Rifraktiv mistek na rili kɔmɔn ay kɔndishɔn. Bɔku tɛm, dɛn kin izi fɔ trit. Yu kin mek yu si fayn fayn wan wit ayglas ɔ kɔntakt lens .

Ɔda tritmɛnt dɛn we dɛn kin yuz na:

• Vishɔn kɔrɛkshɔn ɔpreshɔn: Ɛspɛshali ɔpreshɔn dɛn we de yuz lɛsa tɛknɔlɔji, fɔ ɛgzampul LASIK ɔpreshɔn.
• Ɔpreshɔn fɔ yu yay: lɛk ɔpreshɔn fɔ mek yu gɛt katarakt ɛn ɔpreshɔn fɔ mek yu gɛt glaukoma.
• Mɛrɛsin: Dɛn tin ya kin bi ay drɔp, pils, ɔ injɛkshɔn.

Bikɔs bɔku difrɛn tritmɛnt dɛn de ɛn ɛnibɔdi kin ansa difrɛn we, yu yay spɛshal dɔktɔ na di bɛst pɔsin fɔ tɛl yu bɔt di tritmɛnt we rayt fɔ yu. I go tɛl yu bak bɔt di sayd ɛfɛkt ɛn prɔblɛm dɛn we di tritmɛnt dɛn kin gɛt.

Yu tink se dɛn go ebul fɔ avɔyd sik dɛn we de na di yay?

Sɔm sik dɛn we kin apin na di yay kin kɔmɔt kpatakpata . Ɔda wan dɛn kin ridyus di risk . Bɔt bɔku pan di sik dɛn we dɛn kin gɛt na di yay kin kam pan di we aw dɛn nɔ bin de tink, so i nɔ kin pɔsibul fɔ mek dɛn nɔ gɛt am ɔ fɔ mek dɛn nɔ gɛt bɔku prɔblɛm.

Bɔku jɛnɛral tin dɛn de we yu kin du fɔ mek yu yay gɛt wɛlbɔdi:

• Tek yu yay ɛgzam ɔltɛm: Ilɛksɛf yu nɔ wɛr glas, yu fɔ du yu yay ɛgzam wan ɔ tu tɛm insay di ia. If yu gɛt ɔda tin dɛn we de mek yu gɛt mɔ sik na yu yay (lɛk dayabitis), yu go nid fɔ mek dɛn chɛk yu yay bɔku tɛm.
• Wear ai protɛkshɔn: If yu wund yu yay, yu fes, ɛn yu ed, dat kin mek yu gɛt prɔblɛm wit yu yay fɔ lɔng tɛm ɛn yu kin pwɛl yu yay. Wear sef glas we fit yu kayn wok ɔ ple. Glas we dɛn kin yuz ɔltɛm nɔ kin gi da prɔtɛkshɔn de.
• Nɔ yuz nikotin: Fɔ smok, fɔ vap, ɛn fɔ yuz tabak we nɔ gɛt smok, ɔl dis kin afɛkt di we aw yu blɔd de rɔn, mɔ di blɔd vesel dɛn we de gi blɔd to yu yay.
• Nɔ ignore ay infɛkshɔn: If yu gɛt ay infekshɔn we de las pas sɔm dez, go to dɔktɔ. If dɛn nɔ trit dɛn tin ya, dɛn kin bi siriɔs prɔblɛm ɛn mek dɛn pwɛl fɔ ɔltɛm ɔ ɔda prɔblɛm dɛn.
• Nɔ ignore di ay simptom dɛm: If yu notis se yu de si chenj smɔl smɔl, na sayn fɔ se yu nid fɔ go to ay spɛshal dɔktɔ fɔ mek yu ay ɛgzam. If yu vishɔn chenj wantɛm wantɛm ɛn we yu nɔ bin de ɛkspɛkt - mɔ if yu lɔs yu vishɔn - na mɛdikal imejensi.
• Mek di rayt it bi di fɔs tin we yu fɔ du:Yu yay nid sɔm patikyula vaytamɛn ɛn minral dɛn fɔ mek i wok fayn. Put grɛn vɛjitebul, frut, ɛn fish insay yu it.
• Rich ɛn kip yu wet we fayn fɔ yu: Yu ɔl wɛl bɔdi gɛt big impak pan yu yay wɛlbɔdi. Yu ay spɛshal ɔr famili dɔktɔ kin gayd yu fɔ di bɛst we fɔ mɛn yu ɔl yu wɛlbɔdi fɔ di bɛnifit fɔ yu yay.

Wetin na de sik wae kin kam pan pikin dɛm wae gɛt yay?

Bɔrku ay sik wae kin ambɔg big pipul kin afɛkt pikin dɛm bak. Sɔm pan di wan dɛn we bɔku pipul dɛn kin gɛt na:

• di yay dεm we nכ de pכynt na di sem dεyshכn (strabismus): dεn kכl dis bak squint. Wan yay kin tɔn insay, na do, ɔp, ɔ dɔŋ.
• Les yay (amblyopia): Dis na we di vishɔn na wan yay nɔ de divɛlɔp fayn. di bren kin tεnd fכ fכvכr di כda yay mכr, we kin mek di yay we wik kin bi "les."
• `Retinoblastoma`: Dis na wan kayn kansa we nɔ kin apin so ɔltɛm we kin apin na di retina na di yay we i smɔl.
• Koloboma: Dis na kכndyushכn we pat pan di yay nכ de we dεn bכn am.
• Prɔblɛm dɛn we gɛt fɔ du wit di wata we de na di wata: Fɔ ɛgzampul, di dak we de blok ɔ we gɛt di sik (dacryocystitis).

Wan pan di impɔtant tin dɛn bɔt bɔku tin dɛn we kin apin we dɛn smɔl, lɛk strabismus (ay yay we krɔs) ɛn amblyopia (ay les), na dat bɔku tɛm i kin izi ɛn i kin wok fayn fɔ trit dɛn we dɛn yɔŋ. If yu tink se yɔŋ pikin we yu de kia fɔ gɛt wan pan dɛn yay sik ya, tɔk to di pikin in dɔktɔ we de mɛn pikin dɛn ɔ ɔda dɔktɔ. De dɔktɔ kin ɛp yu fɔ no if de sik de ɛn if yu nid fɔ du ɔda tɛst ɔr tritmɛnt, i kin advays yu bɔt wetin fɔ du nɛks.

Fɔ dɔn, tin dɛn we wi fɔ mɛmba

Pan ɔl we bɔku pipul dɛn kin gɛt sik dɛn na yu yay, i nɔmal fɔ lɛ yu fil bad ɛn nɔ fil fayn we yu kam fɔ no se yu gɛt am. Dɛn kayn sik ya ɛn aw dɛn kin tranga kin difrɛn bad bad wan. Bɔt, dɛn kin trit bɔku pan dɛn, ɛn sɔm kin ivin wɛl kpatakpata.

I rili impɔtant fɔ mek dɛn de chɛk yu yay ɔltɛm. Dis kin ɛp fɔ no dɛn kayn sik ya kwik, we kin mek bɔku tɛm di tritmɛnt izi.

If yu gɛt ɛnitin fɔ wɔri bɔt ɔr kwɛstyɔn bɔt yu vishɔn, nɔr shem fɔ go to ay spɛshal dɔktɔ. Dɛn kin gi yu di gayd, sɔpɔt, ɛn kɔmfɔt we yu nid fɔ manej ɛni prɔblɛm we yu go gɛt. Fɔ protɛkt yu yay de na yu an.

` Ay sik, we yu nɔ de si fayn, katarakt, glaukoma, dayabitik retinopathy, ay ɛgzamin, ay protɛkshɔn, pikin dɛn yay sik