Lɛ wi lan bɔt di FISH tɛst (Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization) we de sho di sikrit dɛm fɔ yu jin dɛm!

Yu dɔn ɛva yɛri bɔt dis ‘FISH tɛst’ (Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization Test)? Sɔntɛm yu dɔktɔ dɔn tɛl yu ɔ pɔsin we yu sabi fɔ du dis tɛst. Pan ɔl we i kin tan lɛk se i kɔmplikt smɔl, na tɛst we rili impɔtant we kin no bɔku tin dɛn insay wi bɔdi. So tide, lɛ wi tɔk bɔt wetin na dis FISH tɛst, wetin i de du, ɛn aw dɛn de du am na simpul we we yu go ɔndastand.

Wetin na dis FISH tɛst (Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization)?

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, FISH na tɛst we dɛn kin du fɔ tɛst pɔsin in jɛnɛtiks. Pathologists, we na dɔktɔ dɛn we spɛshal fɔ no bɔt sik dɛn , kin yuz dis we fɔ no di sik dɛn we kin kam bikɔs di smɔl smɔl tin dɛn we dɛn kɔl kromosomes na wi bɔdi chenj. Sɔmtɛm, dis tɛst kin ɛp bak fɔ no di chenj dɛn we de apin na di jɛnɛtiks we dɛn kin trit fɔ sik dɛn lɛk kansa.

Tink bɔt dis we: wi jin dɛn tan lɛk buk we de tich wi bɔdi. Dis instrɔkshɔn buk de tɛl wi aw ɔltin na wi bɔdi de wok. dis jin dεm de insay strכkchכ dεm we dεn kכl kromozom, we lεk strכng. So, wetin kin apin if dɛn pul sɔm pan di wɔd dɛn we de na dis instrɔkshɔn buk, we na wi DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) , ɔ if wɔd dɛn bɔku pasmak, ɔ if dɛn transpɔz sɔm wɔd dɛn? Wi sɛl dɛn kin gɛt di rɔng instrɔkshɔn dɛn. Dis we ya, di infɔmeshɔn kin lɔs (dilit), kɔpi pas aw i nid (amplifyeshɔn), ɔ muv (translocation). Dɛn chenj ya kin chenj di we aw wi bɔdi de wok ɛn mek wi gɛt sik dɛn lɛk kansa.

so, wetin dis FISH tεst de du na, i lεk fכ yuz kכla pen fכ "kכla" spεsifi k pat dεm na di kromozom כ jin dεm. Dɔn, dɛn spɛshal dɔktɔ dɛn de kin izi fɔ fɛn di pat dɛn we dɛn nid fɔ no if dɛn gɛt sik dɛn bay we dɛn de luk dɛn ɔnda maykroskɔp. We yu luk dis kɔlɔ ɔnda maykroskɔp, i tan lɛk layt dɛn we gɛt kɔlɔ.

Wetin dɛn kin no bay di FISH tɛst?

Dɔn yu go de wɔnda, wetin rili yu kin fɛn wit dis FISH tɛst? Di men tin dɛn na:

• Identify big-big jin mutations in kansa. We dɔktɔ dɛn yuz dis infɔmeshɔn, dɛn kin ebul fɔ no di kayn kansa kɔrɛkt wan ɛn pik di bɛst tritmɛnt fɔ am.
• chεk fכ eni kromozom abnכmaliti bifo dεn bכn di pikin (prenatal) כ afta dεn bכn am. Dis kin ɛp fɔ no sɔm jenɛtik kɔndishɔn dɛn kwik kwik wan.
• in vitro fεtilayzεshכn (IVF) involv fכ tεst di εmbriyo fכ di kromozom abnכmaliti bifo dεn implant am na di mama in uterus (preimplantation genetic testing).

Aw dis FISH tɛst de wok?

Okay, naw mek wi si wetin di likl sikrit bi abaut hau dis FISH test de wok.

A don tok bifo se wi DNA tan lek big instrakshon buk. So dis FISH tɛst tan lɛk fɔ aylayt di impɔtant pat dɛn na da instrɔkshɔn buk de wit spɛshal fluorescent peint. sayɛnsman dεm de mek dis "kכla pent," כ "probe," bay we dεn de ataya fכrosεnt lεbul dεm to di DNA insεf.

Wi DNA gɛt tu strɛch dɛn we fit togɛda, lɛk di tit dɛn we de na zip. Wetin sayɛnsman dɛn kin du na, dɛn kin fɔs separet dɛn tu strɛch ya bay we dɛn de yuz wan prob we dɛn dɔn mek, ɛn di DNA we de na di sampul we dɛn want fɔ tɛst. dεn de mek dis prob fכ mach di DNA sikεns we dεn de luk fכ, dat na di εksakεt sεntεns we dεn de luk fכ na di instrכkshכn mεnyual.

afta dat, dεn miks dεn prεparashכn prob dεm ya wit DNA sεmpl we dεn tek frכm wan bכdi tisu כ fluid (dεn kכl dis di tכgεt). afta dat, if da prob de go fכn wan pat pan DNA we gεt di frεz we i de luk fכ, i go stik to am (hybridize). Bikɔs ɔf dɛn lɛbl dɛn de we de shayn, da pat pan DNA de go shayn wit fayn fayn kɔlɔ. We di dɔktɔ we de mɛn sik dɛn luk am wit spɛshal maykroskɔp, dɛn say dɛn ya we de shayn go fayn fɔ si. Dɔn i kin ɔndastand if di tin dɛn we gɛt fɔ du wit am de ɛn ɔmɔs pan dɛn de de. Yu nɔ tink se i wɔndaful?

jεnεtik chenj dεm we dεn kin no bay FISH tεst

di patכlayz dεm kin yuz dis FISH tεst fכ chεk di sεl dεm fכ jin mכtεshכn we dεn no se de mek sik lεk kεnsar. Sɔntɛnde i kin ɛp fɔ kɔnfɔm ɔ klarify di rizɔlt fɔ wan karyotayping tɛst, we na tɛst fɔ di kromozom dɛn . Na sɔm pan di patikyula chenj dɛm we FISH tɛst kin fɛn:

• Amplifyushכn: Dis na we mכr kכpi dεm de fכ wan jin pas aw dεn bin de εkspεkt. I tan lɛk se yu de mek fotokɔpi usay yu want fɔ mek fotokɔpi. Sayɛnsman dɛn kin yuz FISH fɔ si ɔmɔs kɔpi dɛn de fɔ wan jin pas aw dɛn bin de tink.
• translokeshכn/riarenjmεnt: Dis na we dεn muv wan pat pan wan jin כ kromozom to difrεn ples pas aw i fכ bi. Sayɛnsman dɛn kin yuz tu tin dɛn we gɛt kɔlɔ fɔ no dis. insay nכmal jin, di tu kכla dεm fכ dεn prob dεm ya fכ sho klos togeda. Bɔt if di ples dɔn chenj, di tu kɔlɔ dɛn go apia fa fawe.
• Dilit: Lɛk translokeshɔn, sayɛnsman dɛn kin yuz mɔ pas wan prob fɔ fɛn ples usay infɔmeshɔn nɔ de na DNA. Sɔm prob dɛn go stik to di DNA we de na di sampul, bɔt ɔda wan dɛn nɔ go stik usay dɛn fɔ stik. Na da tɛm de dɛn no se sɔm infɔmeshɔn dɔn lɔs (dilit) na da say de.

Sik dɛm wae dɛn kin no wit di FISH tɛst

Dɔktɔ dɛn kin yuz di FISH tɛst fɔ no di chenj dɛn we de apin na di jɛnɛtiks we kin ɛp fɔ no di sik dɛn lɛk:

• Limfoma we dɛn kɔl Limfoma
• Akyu mayloid lukimiya, kronik mayloid lukimiya, ɛn ɔda kayn lukimiya
• Bɔku bɔku mayloma
• Blada kansa
• Glioma (wan kayn kansa na yu bren) .
• Mɛsotelioma (kansa na di lɔng) .
• HER2 amplifyushכn (dεn kin si dis mכst pan brεst kεnsar, bכt dεn kin si am bak pan bεlε εn lכng kεnsar) .
• MET amplifyushכn (dεn kin si dis mכst pan lכng, bεlε, εn εsophageal kεnsar) .
• MYCN amplifyeshɔn (insay wan kayn kansa we dɛn kɔl Nyuroblastoma) .
• insay nכn-sכm sεl lכng kεnsar , riarenjmεnt/fyushכn fכ di jin dεm ALK, RET, εn ROS1 de apin. dis jin dεm ALK, RET, כ ROS1 kin kam togεda wit כda jin fכ mek kεnsar.

Aw a go pripia fɔ FISH tɛst?

Aw yu de pripia fɔ FISH tɛst de dipen pan di kayn sampul we yu dɔktɔ tek frɔm yu.

• Fɔ tɛst bifo yu bɔn: Yu dɔktɔ go du spɛshal tɛst we dɛn kɔl amniocentesis .
• fכ prεimplant jεnεtik tεst (PGD כ PGS): dεn tek sכm sכm sεmpl sεl dεm frכm sεvεra εmbriyo dεm fכ tεst. Dɛn kin du dis sɔm dez afta dɛn dɔn pul di ovuleshɔn.
• If yu dɔktɔ tink se yu ɔ yu pikin gɛt sik we dɛn kɔl kromozom abnormality ɔ gene mutation: Yu kin chɛk dis wit simpul blɔd tɛst .
• Fɔ no di kansa ɔ di jɛnɛtik muteshon na di kansa sɛl (mɔlikul tɛst): Yu go nid fɔ gɛt bayɔpsi (tumor ɔ bon marrow biopsy) , we na sampul fɔ tisu ɔ bon mɛro.
• Fɔ no ɔ fɔ wach blad kansa: Sɔntɛnde dɛn kin du FISH tɛst pan urine sampul .

Fɔ dɛn tɛst ya, na bayɔpsi nɔmɔ dɛn kin nid fɔ pripia spɛshal wan. Bikɔs dɛn kin du bɔku pan di biopsies dɛn ɔnda anestezi, yu fɔ fala wetin yu dɔktɔ tɛl yu bɔt aw fɔ pripia.

Aw patɔlɔjis dɛn kin du dis FISH tɛst?

Fɔ FISH tɛst, di patɔlɔjis ɔ di lɛbɔraytri tɛknishian de fala dɛn step ya:

1. fכ mek prob(dεm): insay dis, dεn de pik DNA fragmεnt dεm we de mach di DNA sikεns we dεn de luk fכ. Dɔn, dɛn kin kɔt smɔl smɔl tin dɛn na da DNA de ɛn ad lɛbl dɛn we gɛt fluorescent.

2. Denatureshכn fכ di prob εn di tכgεt: dis de tכk bכt di separeshכn fכ di dכbl bכnd dεm bitwin di prob εn di DNA sεmpl we dεn de tεst.

3. Haybridayzεshכn: we dεn miks di prob dεm wit DNA sεmpl we dεn tek frכm bכdi tisu כ fluid, di prob dεm de atak di DNA sikεns dεm we dεn de luk fכ.

4. 4. .Fɔ chɛk di rizɔlt: Dɛn kin yuz spɛshal fluorescent maykroskɔp fɔ si usay di lɛbl dɛn de shayn na di sampul.

Dɔn di dɔktɔ we de mɛn sik dɛn go ripɔt dɛn tin ya to yu dɔktɔ .

Wetin na di rizɔlt fɔ FISH tɛst?

Di kayn rizɔlt we yu kin gɛt frɔm FISH tɛst kin dipen pan di kayn tɛst we yu gɛt. positifu FISH tεst min se kromozom כ jεnεtik abnכmaliti de na di sεl dεm na di sεmpl. I bɛtɛ fɔ tɔk to yu dɔktɔ bɔt aw di rizɔlt go tan lɛk ɛn wetin dɛn min.

Wetin kin apin if FISH tɛst pɔsitiv?

If yu FISH tɛst pɔsitiv, yu dɔktɔ go ɛksplen wetin i min ɛn wetin yu go ebul fɔ du. If dɛn bin du di tɛst fɔ fɛn di jɛnɛtik muteshɔn dɛn na wan kansa, dɛn kin gɛt tritmɛnt dɛn we dɛn kin tɔk bɔt we kin tɔch da patikyula muteshɔn de. So i impɔtant fɔ tɔk to yu dɔktɔ we yu nɔ fɔ panik.

Aw lɔŋ i kin tek fɔ gɛt di rizɔlt fɔ FISH tɛst?

I kin tek ɛnisay frɔm wan to 4 wik fɔ gɛt di rizɔlt fɔ FISH tɛst. Yu dɔktɔ go tɛl yu ustɛm fɔ ɛkspɛkt di rizɔlt ɛn aw fɔ no.

Ustɛm a fɔ kɔntak mi dɔktɔ?

If yu gɛt ɛni kwɛstyɔn bɔt di tɛst ɔ di rizɔlt we yu gɛt, nɔ shek fɔ tɔk to yu dɔktɔ. Dɛn go ɛksplen ɔltin to yu.

Fɔ dɔn, di mɛsej we impɔtant pas ɔl

Fɔ wet fɔ di rizɔlt fɔ di jenɛtik tɛst kin mek yu fred, wɔri, ɛn sɔntɛnde i kin ivin mek yu at pwɛl smɔl. Sɔntɛm yu de wet fɔ ansa. Dis FISH tɛst na teknɔlɔji we de ɛp yu fɔ fɛn dɛn ansa dɛn de, lɛk "highlighter" we de fɛn ɛn kɔlɔ di infɔmeshɔn we yu nid .

Sɔntɛm di ansa dɛn we yu go gɛt nɔ go bi wetin yu bin de op fɔ, bɔt dɛn go ɛp yu fɔ ɔndastand wetin de apin to yu ɛn wetin yu go ebul fɔ du. Frɔm de, yu ɛn yu dɔktɔ kin wok togɛda fɔ mek di bɛst plan fɔ go bifo.

Mɛmba se i rili impɔtant fɔ aks yu dɔktɔ fɔ mek i klarify ɛnitin we yu tink bɔt di tɛst, wetin mek dɛn de du am, ɛn wetin di rizɔlt min.

` FISH tεst, jεnεtik tεst, kromozom, DNA, kεnsar, jεnεtik mכtεshכn, prεnatal tεst