Udat na Jɛnɛral Sɔjɔn? Lɛ wi tɔk bɔt dis simpul wan!

Yu go dɔn yɛri bɔt wan ‘Jɛnɛral Sɔjɔn’. Ɔ sɔntɛm yu dɔn mit wan pan yu famili ɔ padi dɛn. Udat rili na Jɛnɛral Sɔjɔn? Wetin i de du? Aw dɛn difrɛn frɔm ɔda dɔktɔ dɛn? Lɛ wi tɔk bɔt ɔl dis insay simpul, Sinhala langwej we yu go ɔndastand.

Udat rili na Jɛnɛral Sɔjɔn?

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, jenɛral ɔspitul na dɔktɔ ɛn i na dɔktɔ bak. Dat min se i kin ebul fɔ no if i gɛt sik dɛn, trit am, ɛn if nid de, i kin du ɔpreshɔn pan am. Di spɛshal tin na dat, dɛn pipul ya nɔ jɔs de na wan pat pan di bɔdi. Jɔs lɛk wi famili dɔktɔ, bɔt dɛn kin du ɔpreshɔn bak.

fכ egzampl, sכm dכkta dεm spεshal pan di at (a `Cardiologist`) כ di bren (a `Neurologist`). Bɔt wan jenɛral ɔspitul dɔktɔ de wok na say we bɔku pasmak. fכ egzampl, dεn kin trit yu bכdi כgan dεm (`abdominal organs`), tכmכro dεm na כda pat dεm na yu bכdi, כ bכku injuri dεm frכm aksidεnt כl wan tεm. na dεn wan dεm we de ple imכtant rol fכ kia fכ di sikman bifo dεn du di כpεrayshכn (`preoperative`), we dεn de du di כpεrayshכn (`operative`), εn afta dεn du di כpεrayshכn (`postoperative`). Bɔku tɛm, na dɛn kin wok as tim wit ɔda dɔktɔ ɛn nɔs dɛn.

Jɛnɛral ɔpreshɔn na wan pan di 14 spɛshal ɔpreshɔn dɛn we di American College of Surgeons dɔn gri wit.

Wetin dɔktɔ we de mɛn pipul dɛn kin trit?

a don se bifo se jenerol sajin lek "famili dokta we kin du oparehshon tu." So dɛn kin trit difrɛn difrɛn sik dɛn. Ɛn, dɛn tritmɛnt dɛn de inklud difrɛn ɔpreshɔn ɛn prosidur dɛm. Bɔt if dɔktɔ we de mɛn pipul dɛn fil se dɛn nɔ gɛt kɔnfidɛns fɔ trit wan patikyula sik, dɛn go mɔs sɛn yu to spɛshal pɔsin. Dat na dɛn wok bak.

Wetin na di kɔmɔn sik dɛn we dɛn kin trit?

Na sɔm pan di tin dɛn we dɔktɔ we de mɛn pipul dɛn kin trit bɔku tɛm:

• Traumatik injury: Imajin se dɛn de trit siriɔs injury we aksidɛnt ɔ fɔdɔm we dɛn de waka na rod.
• Di tin dɛn we nɔ de apin na di bɔdi: Dɛn tin ya kin bi di tin dɛn we pɔsin kin bɔn wit ɔ di tumbu we kin kam leta we i day.
• Brest kansa: Dɛn kin trit bɔdi kansa, we kin apin to man ɛn uman, wit ɔpreshɔn.
• Di sik dɛn we de na di ɔpa GI trakt:Dat min sik dɛn we gɛt fɔ du wit wi ɛsophagus, bɛlɛ, ɛn smɔl intestinal. Fɔ ɛgzampul, if tin lɛk gastritis de wɔs, yu kin nid fɔ du ɛndoskopi ɔ ivin ɔpreshɔn.
• biliary tract: Dis inklud di gal blad, di bayl dakt, pankrias, ɛn liva. Bɔku tɛm, na wan jenɛral ɔspitul kin pul di gal ston dɛn bay we dɛn de du ɔpreshɔn.
• di tin dεm we de apin na di εndokrin: fכ egzampl, dεn kin du כpεrayshכn fכ trit di tכmכro dεm na di tayroyd gland כ di adrenal gland dεm.
• Vaskul kondishɔn: Dɛn kin intavyu bak pan sɔm vaskul prɔblɛm dɛn.
• Krio sik ɛn sik wae de mɛk dɛn nɔr de mɛn: Sɔntɛnde, dɛn kin involv pan ɔpreshɔn wae de sik pipul dɛm wae de na intensiv kia yunit nid, ɔr pan sɔm tin dɛm wae dɛn kin du fɔ ridyus de pen wae de sik pipul dɛm kin gɛt wae dɛn dɔn day.

Aw yu go bi Sɔjɔn Jɛnɛral?

Fɔ bi jenɛral ɔspitul dɔktɔ nɔto izi waka. Fɔs, dɛn fɔ bi dɔktɔ. Dat min se dɛn fɔ stɔdi fɔ 4 ia na mɛdikal skul ɛn gɛt ``mɛdikal digri``. Na da tɛm de nɔmɔ dɛn kin bigin fɔ tren fɔ bi dɔktɔ we de du ɔpreshɔn.

Fɔ du dis, dɛn fɔ dɔn wan ɔspitul rɛzidɛns program fɔ at le fayv ia . Dɛn kin du dis trenin di we aw dɛn kin du am smɔl smɔl. Dat min se, na afta dɛn dɔn dɔn wan ia fayn fayn wan, na in dɛn fit fɔ di nɛks ia.

Ivin afta dɛn dɔn dɔn dis trenin, dɛn stil gɛt fɔ pas tu bɔd ɛgzam fɔ bi sɛtifiket jenɛral sajin.

1. Di fɔs wan na di ɛgzam fɔ kwalifay . Dis na tɛst we dɛn rayt wit bɔku kwɛstyɔn dɛn we yu kin pik.

2. Na afta yu pas dis yu go fit sidon fo di ``certifying exam`` . Dis na tɛst we dɛn kin du wit mɔt.

Na afta i pas ɔl tu dɛn ɛgzam ya, dɛn kin no am as "Certified General Surgeon." So imajin aw dis nid fɔ gi yu layf to Jiova ɛn wok tranga wan!

Wetin wan dɔktɔ we de mɛn pipul dɛn we de du ɔpreshɔn kin stɔdi?

Wan jenɛral ɔspitul kin lan dip wan bɔt di nayn men tin dɛn we de insay jenɛral ɔpreshɔn we i de tren. Dɛn na:

• di gastrointestinal tract: Dis de tכk bכt כlmost כl di pat dεm na wi dijestiv sistεm.
• di כgan dεm na di bכdi εn di bכdi: Na di כgan dεm we de insay di bכdi, lεk di liva, di kidni dεm, εn di pankrias.
• di brεst, di skin εn di sכft tisu dεm: dεn kin lan bak bכt di tin dεm we de na di bכdi.
• Ɛd ɛn nɛk:Dɛn kin trit sɔm tin dɛn bak we kin apin na dɛn say ya.
• Di at ɛn di blɔd sistɛm: Di bɛsis tin dɛn we pɔsin no bɔt di at ɛn di blɔd vesel dɛn.
• εndokrin sistεm: Na di gland dεm we de mek כmon dεm.
• Surgical oncology: Dis min se fɔ trit kansa tru ɔpreshɔn.
• Trauma: Dis inklud injury na di musculoskeletal system, injury na ed, ɛn injury na an.
• Kritikal kia ɛn imejensi ɔpreshɔn: Tin dɛn lɛk ɔpreshɔn we go sev pɔsin in layf we nid fɔ du wantɛm wantɛm.

We dɛn de tren, dɛn fɔ spɛn at le 4 ɛn af ia pan fayv ia fɔ wok wit di wan dɛn we sik. Ɛn fɔ lɛk tri ia so fɔ wok na di nayn men tin dɛn we wi bin dɔn tɔk bɔt. Dɛn nɔ kin ebul fɔ tren fɔ pas 12 mɔnt na wan spɛshal ɔspitul ɔ pas 6 mɔnt na spɛshal mɛdikal we nɔto ɔspitul. Dat min se dɛn trenin fɔ rili brayt.

Wetin Sɔjɔn Jɛnɛral kin du?

We jenɛral ɔspitul dɔn dɔn in trenin ɛn go wok, di ɔpreshɔn ɛn tritmɛnt dɛn we i kin du ɔltɛm kin difrɛn difrɛn wan bay di ɔspitul we i de wok, ilɛksɛf na big siti ɔ na say we de fa fawe.

Imajin se, na big ɔspitul we gɛt ɔl wetin yu nid, sɔm spɛshal ɔspitul dɛn kin de we kin du sɔm patikyula ɔpreshɔn dɛn. Fɔ ɛgzampul, dɔktɔ we de du ɔpreshɔn pan di at kin du ɔpreshɔn pan di at, ɛn dɔktɔ we de mɛn di nyuro kin du ɔpreshɔn pan di nerv. Bɔt na ɔspitul usay nɔto so bɔku spɛshal dɔktɔ dɛn de, i kin gɛt fɔ du bɔku pan dɛn wok ya. So, di wok we dɛn de du rili impɔtant.

Wetin na di ɔpreshɔn dɛn we dɛn kin du mɔ?

Na sɔm pan di kayn ɔpreshɔn dɛn we yu kin ɛkspɛkt se jenɛral ɔpreshɔn fɔ du ɔltɛm:

• Anti-riflɔks ɔpreshɔn (Nissen fundoplication): Na ɔpreshɔn fɔ stɔp di bɛlɛ asid fɔ flɔ ɔp insay di trot bikɔs ɔf tin dɛn lɛk gastritis.
• Apɛndiks we dɛn pul (Appendix removal / Appendectomy): We infɛkshɔn (appendicitis) apin na wan smɔl pat na di bɔdi we dɛn kɔl apɛndiks, dɛn kin ɔpreshɔn am.
• Bariatric (weight loss) surgery: Na ɔpreshɔn fɔ ɛp pipul dɛn we fat bad bad wan fɔ lɛf fɔ it.
• Ɔpreshɔn fɔ di bɔdi: Dɛn kin du ɔpreshɔn fɔ di bɔdi we gɛt tumbu, lɛk kansa na di bɔdi.
• Exploratory surgery (Laparotomy or Laparoscopy): We dɛn nɔ ebul fɔ no di sik, dɛn kin opin di bɔdi ɔ put kamɛra fɔ luk insay.
• Fɔ pul di gal blad (Cholecystectomy): Fɔ pul di gal blad we prɔblɛm lɛk gal ston apin.
• Ɔpreshɔn fɔ mek dɛn ripɛnt ɛnia:fכ ripa εnia (we pat dεm na di intestin dεm de kכmכt tru wan wik ples na di bכdi wכl).
• Prostate removal (Prostatectomy): Na ɔpreshɔn we dɛn kin du pan man dɛn fɔ trit tin dɛn lɛk prɔstat kansa.
• Fɔ pul di splin (Splenectomy): Dɛn kin nid fɔ pul di splin bikɔs ɔf sɔm blɔd sik ɛn aksidɛnt.
• Uterus removal (Hysterectomy): Na ɔpreshɔn we dɛn kin du fɔ trit sɔm tin dɛn we gɛt fɔ du wit di uterus pan uman dɛn.

Wetin na di we dɛn we dɛn kin du ɔpreshɔn?

Nawde, dεn tren jεnarכl sכja dεm fכ wok wit di laytst tεknכlכji (`tεknכlכji-asist כpεraytiv tεknik`). Dis min se insted fɔ yuz big big say dɛn we dɛn kin kɔt di ol we, dɛn kin yuz smɔl smɔl say dɛn we dɛn kɔt ɛn ɔpreshɔn we dɛn kin yuz kamɛra. Dɛn we ya kin mek di pɔsin nɔ fil fayn ɛn dɛn kin ɛp bak fɔ mek i wɛl kwik kwik wan.

Tri we dɛn de mɔ:

1. Ɛndoskopi we dɛn kin du

2. Laparoskɔpik ɔpreshɔn

3. Rɔbɔt ɔpreshɔn

Wetin na Ɛndoskopi?

Dis na wan we we rili strenj. Ɛndoskopi na wan we we de mek dɔktɔ we de du ɔpreshɔn ebul fɔ du smɔl smɔl ɔpreshɔn dɛn insay yu bɔdi ɛn nɔ kɔt yu skin ɔ tisu. Imajin, dɛn de yuz lɔng ɛn tint inschrumɛnt dɛn. Dɛn kin pas dɛn tin ya tru wan lɔng tiub we kin chenj we dɛn kɔl ɛndoskɔp. Na wan ɛnd pan dis tiub, dɛn put wan smɔl vidio kamɛra.

dis `εndoskop` de pas tru yu trot (`upper endoscopy`) כ rεktum (`colonoscopy`). Di pikchɔ dɛn we yu si frɔm di kamɛra de sho pan wan `skrin`. Di dɔktɔ kin yuz dɛn smɔl smɔl tin dɛn ya fɔ du di ɔpreshɔn we i de luk di skrin.

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, dis na ɛgzam ɔ smɔl ɔpreshɔn we dɛn kin put kamɛra insay di bɔdi we dɛn nɔ kin kɔt ɛni big say.

di tin dεm we dεn kin du tru εndoskopi na:

• fכ pul sכm sכm polip כ tכmכro dεm (polypectomy).
• Tek tisu sɛmpul fɔ tɛst (bayopsi).
• fכ kכt εn rilis wan tayt mכsul (`myotomy`).

Wetin na laparoskopik ɔpreshɔn?

Laparoscopic surgery na wan we bak we dɛn kin du ɔpreshɔn we nɔ kin tek bɔku pipul dɛn . insay dis, di sכjaman de akses yu bכdi כgan dεm tru fכ sכm sכ m sכm "kihol" insishכn dεm, we less dan haf inch in saiz .

Dɛn kin put wan tiub we gɛt kamɛra we dɛn kɔl laparoskop (we na wan kayn ɛndoskɔp bak) tru wan pan di ol dɛn ɛn dɛn kin luk insay. Dɛn kin projɛkt di pikchɔ dɛn we de na di kamɛra na wan skrin. Dɔn dɛn kin put lɔng ɛn tin ɔspitul inschrumɛnt dɛn tru ɔda ol dɛn ɛn dɛn kin du di ɔpreshɔn we dɛn de luk di skrin. Dis we ya de mek di pɔsin wɛl kwik kwik wan ɛn i nɔ de mek i nɔ gɛt bɔku skata.

Di ɔpreshɔn dɛn we dɛn kin du mɔ we di jenɛral ɔspitul dɛn kin du wit laparoskopi na:

• Apɛndikstɔmi na ɔpreshɔn fɔ apɛndiks.
• Ɔpreshɔn fɔ gal ston (Cholecystectomy).
• Gastric bypass surgery na ɔpreshɔn fɔ lɛ pɔsin nɔ gɛt bɔku bɔku bɔdi.

Wetin na rɔbɔt ɔpreshɔn?

Robot ɔpreshɔn na wan advans we fɔ ɔpreshɔn wit laparoskopik. I de yuz laparoskop ɛn lɔng, tin inschrumɛnt dɛn we de pas tru smɔl smɔl kihol dɛn. Di difrɛns na dat, na rɔbɔt an dɛn de yuz dɛn inschrumɛnt dɛn ya.

Bɔt dis nɔ min se rɔbɔt go du di ɔpreshɔn fɔ insɛf. Di dɔktɔ we de du di ɔpreshɔn de ɔpreshɔn di rɔbɔt an frɔm kɔmpyuta kɔnsol we de na di ɔpreshɔn rum. Dis kin mek dɛn ebul fɔ du ɔpreshɔn we rili kɔrɛkt ɛn we nɔ izi fɔ du. Jɛnɛral ɔspitul dɔktɔ dɛn kin lan bɔt rɔbɔt ɔpreshɔn we dɛn de tren ɔltɛm, ɔ dɛn kin du ɔda trenin (fellowship).

Wetin na di difrɛns bitwin jenɛral ɔspitul ɛn rɛgyula dɔktɔ?

Dis na kwɛstyɔn we bɔku pipul dɛn kin aks. Ɛni dɔktɔ we de du ɔpreshɔn na dɔktɔ. Bɔt nɔto ɔl dɔktɔ na dɔktɔ we de du ɔpreshɔn. Sɔjɔn na pipul dɛn we na dɔktɔ ɛn afta dat dɛn kin gɛt ɔda trenin ɛn sɛtifiket fɔ du ɔpreshɔn. Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, ɔpreshɔn na tin we dɛn kin du na di insay pat pan pɔsin in bɔdi, lɛk in ɔgan dɛn, tisu dɛn, ɛn bon dɛn, fɔ trit injury ɔ sik dɛn.

Jɛnɛral Prɛktishɔn (ɔ Praymari Keya Dɔktɔ - PCP) na dɔktɔ we de du jenɛral mɛrɛsin, pas fɔ du spɛshal wok. Bɔku tɛm, dɛn nɔ kin du ɔpreshɔn.

Bɔt, jenɛral ɔspitul dɔktɔ na dɔktɔ we dɔn pik fɔ spɛshal pan ɔpreshɔn. Dɛn nɔ kin jɔs du wan spɛshal ɔspitul, bɔt dɛn kin wok na di brayt fild fɔ "jɛnɔral ɔpreshɔn."

Aw lɔng i kin tek fɔ bi Sɔjɔn Jɛnɛral?

Jɔs tink se, na kɔntri lɛk Amɛrika, i kin tek 4 ia fɔ gɛt bachelor’s degree. Dɔn i kin tek ɔda 4 ia fɔ gɛt digri pan dɔktɔ. Dɔn i kin tek fayv ia fɔ mek dɛn gɛt ɔspitul rɛzidɛns. Dat na 13 ia! Ɛn afta dat, i kin tek tɛm fɔ pas dɛn bɔd ɛgzam dɛn we a bin dɔn tɔk bɔt. So, yu fɔ stɔdi fɔ at le 13 ia fɔ bi jenɛral ɔspitul dɔktɔ. Yu nɔ tink se dat na big kɔmitmɛnt?

Wetin na di difrɛns bitwin Jɛnɛral Sɔjɔn ɛn Pikin Sɔjɔn?

Dis na impɔtant pɔynt bak. Ɛvri dɔktɔ we de mɛn pikin dɛn na dɔktɔ we de mɛn pikin dɛn. Bɔt nɔto ɔl jenɛral ɔspitul dɔktɔ na pikin dɛn.

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, dɔktɔ we de mɛn pikin dɛn na pɔsin we dɔn tren as dɔktɔ we de mɛn pikin dɛn ɛn afta dat i dɔn gɛt ɔda spɛshal trenin fɔ trit pikin dɛn. I tan lɛk dɔktɔ we de mɛn pikin dɛn, bɔt dis dɔktɔ kin du ɔpreshɔn bak.

Jɛnɛral ɔspitul dɔktɔ tan lɛk rɛgyula dɔktɔ we gɛt ɛkstra pawa. Da pawa de na di ebul fɔ trit difrɛn sik dɛn na di ɔpreshɔn rum.

I tek bɔku trenin, no, ɛn skil fɔ bi pɔsin lɛk dis. Bɔt na wok we rili satisfay. Na bikɔs no tu dez nɔ de we di sem. Nyu chalenj dɛn kin de ɔltɛm, nyu ɛkspiriɛns dɛn.

Fɔ dɔn, tin dɛn fɔ mɛmba (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, so a tink se yu naw geht gud aidia boht wan sajin jenerol.

• Jɛnɛral ɔspitul na spɛshal dɔktɔ we dɛn tren fɔ du bɔku ɔpreshɔn dɛn. Dɛn nɔ kin jɔs de na wan pat na di bɔdi.
• Dɛn kin trit bɔku tin, lɛk bɛlɛ prɔblɛm, aksidɛnt, bɔdi tumbu, ɛn hεnia.
• Dɛn kin kia fɔ di pɔsin bifo dɛn du di ɔpreshɔn, we dɛn de du di ɔpreshɔn, ɛn afta dɛn dɔn du am.
• dεn kin du כpεrayshכn bay we dεn de yuz nyu tεknik dεm lεk `Endoscopy` εn `Laparoscopy`, we dεn de yuz sכm sכm insishכn dεm.
• Fɔ bi jenɛral ɔspitul dɔktɔ, i nid fɔ lan bɔku buk ɛn tren am.
• If yu nid ɔpreshɔn, yu dɔktɔ kin sɛn yu to dɔktɔ we de mɛn yu. Nɔ wɔri, dɛn de fɔ ɛp yu.

If yu gɛt ɛni ɔda kwɛstyɔn, tɔk to yu dɔktɔ. Stay wit wɛlbɔdi!

` Sɔjɔn, Jɛnɛral Sɔjɔn, ɔpreshɔn, ɔpreshɔn, mɛdikal tritmɛnt, diagnosis, Jɛnɛral Sɔjɔn