Wetin na di sayn dɛm we de sho se pɔsin gɛt glaukoma? Aw fɔ no am?
Bɔku tɛm, glaukoma nɔ kin mek pɔsin gɛt ɛni sayn we i bigin . I kin slip insay lɛk ɛnimi we tif. Na dat mek bɔku pipul dɛn na Sri Lanka nɔ ivin no se dɛn gɛt glaukoma. Sɔntɛnde, di sayn dɛm kin jɔs bigin fɔ sho afta dɛn dɔn du damej we nɔ go ebul fɔ chenj to di yay.Di sayn dɛm we dɛn kin si bɔku tɛm:
Dis na sɔm pan de sayn dɛm wae kin mɔna pipul dɛm:- Fɔ fil pen ɔ prɛshɔn na yu yay
- Ed de at
- Di yay dɛn we rɛd ɔ we gɛt blɔd
- we yu si wan imej as tu, wan kכndyushכn we dεn kכl ``diplopia``
- Di vishɔn we nɔ klia
- Smɔl smɔl, yu yay de wik
- sכmtεm divεlכpmεnt fכ dak spat dεm na di vishכn (skotomas) כ di fil we yu de si de sכmtεm sכmtεm, lεk se yu de luk tru tכb (tכnel vishכn). Imajin se we yu de rid nyuspepa, i tan lɛk se di lɛta dɛn na wan say nɔ klia, ɔ we yu de waka na strit, yu de fil se ɔl tu di say dɛn nɔ klia.
Simptom dɛm wae nid fɔ pe atɛnshɔn kwik kwik wan!
Sɔm kayn glaukoma, mɔ di angle-closure glaucoma, kin mek yu gɛt siriɔs sik wantɛm wantɛm.If na so i bi, i nid fɔ go to dɔktɔ wantɛm wantɛm, ɔ i kin mek i nɔ de si fayn fɔ ɔltɛm. Dis na di sayn dɛm fɔ dis imejensi:- Wan kɔlekɛshɔn fɔ blɔd we de bifo yu blak yay (hyphema) .
- di yay dεm we de bulbul כ we de big (buphthalmos) (dis kin afekt yכŋ pikin dεm mכr) .
- Nɔs ɛn vɔmit wit ay pen /prɛshɔn
- We yu luk di layt dɛn, yu go si ring dɛn we gɛt renbo kɔlɔ rawnd dɛn. Jɔs lɛk we yu de drayv na nɛt, yu kin si sɛklɔ dɛn we gɛt kɔlɔ rawnd di strit layt dɛn.
- fכ fכlכ (myodesopsias) (sכm sכm blak dכt dεm, hכl dεm, εn כda tin dεm) bifo di yay
- I nɔ de si fayn wantɛm wantɛm bay ɛni we
- Layt de flash wantɛm wantɛm bifo di yay ( photopsias ) .
Wetin mek glaukoma kin kam? Wetin na di kɔz?
Di men tin we kin mek yu gɛt glaukoma na we di optik nɛv we de insay yu yay kin pwɛl . Dis tan lɛk di kebul we de kɛr wetin wi de si go na di bren. I kin apin fɔ no rizin, bɔt bɔku tin dɛn de we kin mek pɔsin gɛt dis sik. Wan pan di impɔtant tin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin gɛt prɔblɛm na di prɛshɔn we de insay di yay (intraocular eye pressure) . Tink bɔt dis we, wan wata we dɛn kɔl aqueous humor de kɔmɔt ɔltɛm insay wi yay fɔ gi di yay tin fɔ it. dis wata de fכlכ tru di blak yay go insay di fכnt pat pan di yay. insay di yay we hεlth, dis wata de kכmכt na di yay tru wan nεtwכk fכ drenaj sistεm dεm we dεn kכl di trabecular meshwork, we na di say we di wayt yay de mit di yay we gεt kכla (di kכla pat we de rawnd di blak yay). I tan lɛk wata tank we dɛn tay paip pan am fɔ mek wata kɔmɔt. Insay glaukoma, di drenaj sistɛm kin blok ɔ i nɔ kin ebul fɔ flɔ flɔ. Dis wata nɔ gɛt say fɔ go ɛn i kin gɛda insay di yay. Dis wata we pasmak kin gɛda, ɛn dis kin mek di prɛshɔn we de insay di yay go ɔp. As tɛm de go, dis prɛshɔn we de go ɔp kin pwɛl yu optik nɛv, ɛn dis kin mek yu gɛt glaukoma. Di tin we kin mek dis wata we de bɔku insay di yay kin difrɛn difrɛn wan bay di kayn glaukoma we yu gɛt.Yu tink se difrɛn kayn glaukoma de?
Yɛs, difrɛn kayn glaukoma de, bɔt dɛn kin sheb dɛn to difrɛn kayn dɛn:- Praymari opin-angle glaucoma: Open-angle glaucoma na di kכndyushכn we di drenaj chanεl dεm, we na di ples dεm we di wayt na di yay de mit di כta ed pat na di yay we gεt kכla, de opin. di wata we de fכm di wata de fכlכ insay dεn chanεl dεm ya εn i de kכmכt frכm di antεriכr chεmba na di yay. Dis na di kayn glaukoma we bɔku pipul dɛn kin gɛt.Wetin kin apin na dat di dreyn dɛn kin klos smɔl smɔl, lɛk dreyn na sink we kin ful-ɔp wit dɔti smɔl smɔl. Dis kin apin so sloslo dat nɔr kin gɛt ɛni sayn fɔs.
- Praymari angle-closure glaucoma: nכmal wan, akyu hכmכr fכ fכlכ frכm di posita chεmba na di yay, tru di sklera, to di antεriכ chεmba. Bɔt sɔntɛnde, di lens na yu yay kin bulj tumɔs fɔ go bifo, ɛn dis kin mek di wata we de kɔmɔt na di sklera nɔ flɔ. di wata we pasmak na di posita chεmba kin push di sklera fכ go bifo, i kin sכmtεm כ kכmplit di angle we di fכs de drεn tru. Bɔrku tɛm dis kin bi wan sik wae kin kam wantɛm wantɛm. Di yay kin rɛd ɛn i kin fil pen.
- Sεkɔndari glaukoma: Dis kin apin we di prɛshɔn na di yay de go ɔp bikɔs ɔf ɔda kɔndishɔn ɔ ivin. Fɔ ɛgzampul, i kin bi bikɔs yu gɛt injury na yu yay (tink bɔt kriket bɔl we de nak yu yay), pigmentary dispersion syndrome (smɔl smɔl pigmɛnt dɛn na di yay we kin brok ɛn blok di drenaj kanal), uveitis (inflameshɔn na di insay pat na di yay), sɔm mɛrɛsin dɛn (espɛshali kɔtikosterɔyd ɛn sayklɔplejik), ɛn ɔpreshɔn pan yu yay.
- Glaukoma we dɛn bɔn wit: Dis na glaukoma we kin apin di tɛm we di pikin de na di bɛlɛ, dat na we di pikin de na di bɛlɛ. fכ egzampl, kכndyushכn dεm lεk aniridia (di ayris fכ di yay nכ de fכm fayn), Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, Marfan syndrome, congenital rubella syndrome, εn nyurofibromatosis tayp 1 kin mek dis. Dis na wan sik we de apin we dɛn bɔn am, ɛn if di pikin in yay big, wata, ɔ i nɔ de si layt, yu fɔ go to dɔktɔ wantɛm wantɛm.
Wetin na di tin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin gɛt glaukoma?
Bɔku tin dɛn de we kin mek pɔsin gɛt glaukoma. Lɛ wi tek wan luk pan wetin dɛn bi:- Ej: Bɔrku kayn glaukoma kin afɛkt pipul dɛm wae pas 40 ia.(Congenital glaucoma na di men tin wae nɔr de pan dis.) Masta sabi pipul dɛm se lɛk 10% pan pipul dɛm wae pas 75 ia gɛt glaukoma. Dis min se i impɔtant fɔ tek kia ɔf am as yu de ol.
- Ras/Ancestry: Pipul dɛm we kɔmɔt na Afrika, mɔ di wan dɛm we kɔmɔt na Afro-Karibian, kin gɛt bɔku bɔku risk fɔ gɛt praymari opin-angle glaucoma. Pipul dɛn we kɔmɔt na Eshia (inklud wi) ɛn Inuit dɛnsɛf kin gɛt ay risk fɔ gɛt angle-closure glaucoma.
- Bɔy ɔ gal:Uman dɛn kin gɛt ay risk fɔ gɛt angle-closure glaucoma. di masta sabi pipul dεm biliv se dis kin bi bכku pan difrεns bitwin man εn uman na di strכkchכ fכ di yay.
- Rifraktiv mistek: Pipul dɛm wae nɔr de si fayn, ɔr wae nɔr de si fayn, kin gɛt bɔrku risk fɔ gɛt opin-angle glaucoma. Semweso, pipul dɛm wae nɔr de si fayn, ɔr hyperopia, kin gɛt bɔrku risk fɔ gɛt angle-closure glaucoma.
- Famili istri: If sɔmbɔdi na yu famili, mɔ yu mama, papa, pikin, ɔ brɔda ɛn sista, dɔn gɛt glaukoma, yu go gɛt dis sik. Dis kin tan lɛk aw sik dɛn lɛk dayabitis ɛn ay blɔd prɛshɔn kin rɔn na wi famili. Sɔm tin dɛm wae kin mek yu gɛt sɛkɔndari glaukoma na dɛn jɛnɛtiks bak.
- Sik dɛn we nɔ de mɛn: Risach dɔn sho se pipul dɛn we gɛt sɔm sik dɛn we nɔ de mɛn, lɛk ay blɔd prɛshɔn ɛn dayabitis, kin gɛt bɔku chans fɔ gɛt glaukoma. So if yu gɛt dɛn sik ya, i fayn fɔ mek yu yay kɔntrol dɛn fayn fayn wan.
Wetin na di prɔblɛm dɛn we kin apin we pɔsin gɛt glaukoma?
Imajin wetin go apin if yu nɔ gɛt tritmɛnt fɔ kɔntrol di prɛshɔn we de insay yu yay. If dat apin, glaukoma kin pwɛl yu retina ɛn optik nɛv, ɛn leta dɛn kin stɔp fɔ wok. Dis na wetin kin mek di men prɔblɛm we kin mek pɔsin gɛt glaukoma, we na we pɔsin nɔ kin si fayn ɛn leta i kin blaynd ɔl. Di ɛnd rizulyt na wetin masta sabi pipul dɛn kɔl absolyut glaukoma. Dis min se di yay we di sik afɛkt kin blaynd ɔl. I kin fil tranga bak, lɛk rɔk, we yu tɔch am, ɛn i kin ivin mek yu fil pen.Aw dɛn kin no if pɔsin gɛt glaukoma?
Wan dɔktɔ we de mɛn yu yay kin no if yu gɛt glaukoma bay we i de chɛk yu yay. Infakt, dɛn yay ɛgzam ya kin no if yu gɛt glaukoma bifo yu gɛt ɛni sayn ɔ yu yay dɔn pwɛl. We dɛn de du dɛn ɛgzam ya, yu yay kin dilayt (mydriasis), we kin mek di dɔktɔ ebul fɔ si insay yu yay. Na sɔm pan di men tɛst dɛm wae kin ɛp fɔ no if yu gɛt glaukoma:- Visual acuity testing - test aw yu kin si fayn fayn wan (bay we yu aks yu fɔ rid wan layn fɔ lɛta dɛn).
- Visual field testing - Fɔ chɛk di rεnj fɔ yu vishɔn ɛn if yu kin si ɔl tu di say dɛm.
- Dip persepshɔn tɛst
- Tonometry - na di mכsu we dεn de mכsu di prεshכn insay di yay. Dɛn kin du dis bay we dɛn de yuz tin we de blo briz insay di yay ɔ we dɛn tɔch di yay.
- Pachymetry - we dεn de mכsu di tik we di kכnia tik, di transparent pat we de bifo di yay.
- Slit lamp egzam - Na magnified egzamin fכ difrεn pat dεm na di yay we dεn de yuz spεshal maykroskכp.
- Gonioscopy - dεn de put spεshal lεns pan di yay fכ egzamin di angle we di wata de drεn tru.
- `Optical coherence tomography (OCT)` - dis de skan di dilik layεr dεm insay di yay, spεshal wan di tik we di fayv dεm na di optik nεv tik.
- Fluorescein angiography - na tεst fכ luk di bכdi vεsul dεm na di yay.
- Ultrasound egzamin `(Ultrasaund)`
- Na smɔl tɛm nɔmɔ dɛn kin du kɔmpyuta tomografi (CT) skan ɔ magnɛtik rɛsɔnans imej (MRI) skan.
Wetin na di tritmɛnt fɔ glaukoma?
Di men gol fɔ tritmɛnt fɔ glaukoma na fɔ ridyus di prɛshɔn we de insay di yay (intraocular pressure) ɛn stɔp di sik fɔ mek i nɔ wɔs . Bɔku men tritmɛnt dɛn de we kin ɛp fɔ dis:- Mεdikeshכn dεm: Dis na mεnsin mεdikeshכn dεm we de lכs di prεshכn we de insay yu yay. If yu yay prɛshɔn ay pas aw i fɔ bi (wan tin we dɛn kɔl `ocular hypertension`), dɛn mɛrɛsin ya kin ɛp fɔ mek glaukoma nɔ kam ɔ fɔ mek di damej nɔ kam wit di sayn dɛm. Dɛn tin ya kin kam as ay drɔp ɔ pils. I impɔtant fɔ tek dɛn mɛrɛsin ya jɔs lɛk aw yu dɔktɔ tɛl yu fɔ tek.
- Glaukoma ɔpreshɔn: Dɛn mek dɛn ɔpreshɔn ya fɔ ɛp di wata we de mek di wata kɔmɔt izi wan ɛn fɔ mek di prɛshɔn we de insay di yay nɔ bɔku. Dɛn ɔpreshɔn ya na trabeculectomy (fɔ mek nyu rod fɔ mek di wata kɔmɔt), tiub shunt (fɔ put smɔl tiub insay di yay fɔ mek di wata kɔmɔt), laser therapy (we dɛn de yuz laser fɔ opin di drenaj sistɛm), ɛn minimal invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS).
Wetin na di lukin-grɔn fɔ glaukoma?
Infakt, if dɛn nɔ trit am, glaukoma kin mek i nɔ de si fayn ɔltɛm ɛn i kin mek i blaynd. Bɔt if dɛn trit am, dɛn kin ebul fɔ kɔntrol di sik ɔ ivin stɔp fɔ mek i nɔ wɔs . Bɔt bikɔs dis kin difrɛn frɔm wan pɔsin to ɔda pɔsin, di bɛst pɔsin fɔ tɔk to bɔt dis na yu yay dɔktɔ. I kin tɛl yu wetin de luk fɔ yu patikyula sik ɛn wetin yu kin du fɔ tɔn am bak.Yu tink se dɛn kin ebul fɔ mek dɛn nɔ gɛt glaukoma?
Bɔt i sɔri fɔ no se dɛn nɔ kin ebul fɔ stɔp glaukoma kpatakpata. BɔtIf yu no di sik kwik kwik wan ɛn trit yu, dat kin ɛp fɔ kɔntrol di prɛshɔn we de insay yu yay ɛn fɔ mek yu nɔ si ɔ delay. Bɔku impɔtant tin dɛn de we yu kin du fɔ ɛp:- Gɛt ɛgzam fɔ yu yay ɔltɛm : Yu kin no se yu gɛt ay prɛshɔn insay yu yay bifo yu gɛt glaukoma simptom. If yu no di sik kwik kwik wan, dat kin ɛp yu ɛn yu yay dɔktɔ fɔ mek glaukoma nɔ wɔs, ɔ at ɔl fɔ mek i slo. I fayn fɔ mek dɛn chɛk yu yay wan tɛm insay di ia afta yu dɔn ol 40 ia, mɔ if yu gɛt famili histri bɔt glaukoma.
- Fɔ kɔntrol di ay blɔd prɛshɔn na yu yay: If di prɛshɔn we de insay yu yay pas aw i fɔ bi, yu yay dɔktɔ go tɛl yu bɔt aw fɔ trit yu. I rili impɔtant fɔ fala dɛn advays. Dis kin ɛp yu fɔ mek yu nɔ ebul fɔ si ɔ at ɔl fɔ delay.
- No ɛn kɔntrol di tin dɛn we kin mek yu gɛt prɔblɛm: Yu kin tray fɔ kɔntrol ɔ protɛkt sɔm tin dɛn lɛk ay blɔd prɛshɔn ɛn dayabitis. Dɔn bak, if yu yuz tin dɛn lɛk sef glas, dat kin ɛp fɔ mek yu nɔ wund yu yay.
If a gɛt glaukoma, wetin a go du fɔ ɛp misɛf?
If yu gɛt glaukoma, di bɛst tin we yu go du na fɔ fala wetin yu yay dɔktɔ tɛl yu fɔ trit ɛn aw fɔ kɔntrol di sik . I kin tɛl yu bak se yu fɔ chenj sɔm tin dɛn na yu layf ɛn yu abit dɛn. Dɛn tin ya kin bi:- Nɔ ignore nyu sayn ɔr chenj na yu yay.
- Fɔ mek yu gɛt wɛlbɔdi wet fɔ yu.
- Fɔ de du tin wit yu bɔdi (bɔt aks yu dɔktɔ bɔt ɛksesaiz dɛn we yu fɔ avɔyd, bikɔs sɔm ɛksesaiz dɛn, lɛk yoga we yu ed dɔŋ, kin mek yu yay prɛshɔn go ɔp).
- Go si am lɛk aw di dɔktɔ se.
Ustɛm a fɔ go to dɔktɔ?
Sɔm kayn glaukoma, lɛk angle-closure glaucoma, kin kam kwik kwik wan. So dɛn nid fɔ go to dɔktɔ wantɛm wantɛm fɔ mek i nɔ pwɛl sote go ɛn fɔ mek i nɔ ebul fɔ si fayn igen. If yu gɛt ɛni wan pan dɛn sik ya, ilɛksɛf i bigin wantɛm wantɛm ɔ i wɔs, mek dɛn chɛk dɛn wantɛm wantɛm:- Bɔrku ay pen ɔr prɛshɔn
- Ed de at
- Dabl vishɔn (diplopia) ɔ blurred vishɔn
- Nɔs ɛn vɔmit wit ay pen/prɛshɔn
- We yu si ring dɛn we gɛt renbo kɔlɔ rawnd layt dɛn
- I nɔ de si fayn wantɛm wantɛm bay ɛni we
- Layt we de flash bigin fɔ apia bifo di yay.
- Di tin dɛn we de flɔt bifo di yay kin bigin ɔ i kin bɔku (myodesopsias) .
Us kwɛstyɔn dɛn a fɔ aks mi dɔktɔ we de mɛn mi yay?
I fayn fɔ aks yu ay spɛshal pɔsin kwɛstyɔn dɛn lɛk dɛn wan ya:- Us kayn glaukoma a gɛt?
- Wetin na di tin we kin mek a gɛt glaukoma?
- Us tritmɛnt dɛn a gɛt, ɛn wetin yu kin advays?
- Wetin na di pɔsibul sayd ɛfɛkt ɔ kɔmplikeshɔn dɛm fɔ di tritmɛnt(dɛn)?
- Wetin na di sayn ɔr chenj dɛm wae a fɔ kɔl yu ɔfis fɔ ɔr aks dɔktɔ advays?
Nɔ fred fɔ aks dɛn kwɛstyɔn ya. Di mɔ yu ɔndastand yu sik, na di mɔ yu go sɔpɔt tritmɛnt ɛn protɛkt yu yay.Fɔ bɔku pan wi, wi yay na sɔntin we rili impɔtant, sɔntɛm ivin di tin we impɔtant pas ɔl na layf. So na nɔmal tin fɔ fred ɛn wɔri fɔ lɔs yu yay bikɔs ɔf wan sik lɛk glaukoma. Bɔt di gud nyus na dat, glaukoma na wan sik we pɔsin kin no ɛn trit am kwik kwik wan. Di kwik we yu no di sik ɛn bigin fɔ trit am, na di mɔ yu go gɛt chans fɔ stɔp am fɔ mek i nɔ wɔs. Pan ɔl we dɛn nɔ kin ebul fɔ stɔp am ɔltogɛda, bɔku tɛm i kin delay fɔ bigin fɔ gɛt siriɔs prɔblɛm fɔ lɔng lɔng tɛm, ivin fɔ bɔku bɔku ia.
Di impɔtant tin dɛn we wi nid fɔ mɛmba frɔm dis atikul (Take-Home Message) .
Okay, so na sɔm tin dɛm fɔ mɛmba frɔm wetin wi dɔn tɔk bɔt bɔt glaukoma:- Glɔkoma kin bi sik we nɔ de tɔk: i nɔ kin mek yu gɛt ɛni sayn we i bigin. Na dat mek i impɔtant fɔ du yu yay ɛgzam ɔltɛm, mɔ if yu gɛt tin dɛn we kin mek yu gɛt prɔblɛm.
- Fɔ no am kwik na di bɛst tin fɔ protɛkt yu: If yu no am kwik, di tritmɛnt kin rili mek yu nɔ ebul fɔ si mɔ.
- Yu fɔ no bɔt di tin dɛn we kin mek yu gɛt dis sik: If yu gɛt famili histri bɔt dis sik, yu dɔn pas 40 ia, ɔ yu gɛt sik lɛk dayabitis ɔ ay blɔd prɛshɔn, yu nid fɔ tek tɛm smɔl.
- Fɔ fala yu dɔktɔ in instrɔkshɔn dɛn gud gud wan: If dɛn no se yu gɛt glaukoma, i impɔtant fɔ fala di mɛrɛsin ɛn instrɔkshɔn dɛn we yu dɔktɔ gi yu.
- Nɔ ignore di imejensi simptom dɛm: If yu gɛt pen pan yu yay wantɛm wantɛm, yu nɔ de si fayn, ɔ yu si ring rawnd layt, go to dɔktɔ wantɛm wantɛm.
Mɛmba se yu yay rili valyu to yu. So, na yu wok fɔ kia fɔ dɛn. Nɔ frayd, if yu no ɛn tek di step dɛm we yu nid, yu kin liv fayn ivin wit glaukoma.
` Glaukoma, ay prɛshɔn, yay sik, yu nɔ de si fayn, blayndnɛs, optik nɛv, ay ɛgzam
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