Lɛ wi lan bɔt di layt we fɔ no kansa wit wan drop pan blɔd (Liquid Biopsy)?

Bɔku pipul dɛn kin fred we dɛn yɛri di wɔd "biopsy," nɔto so? Na nɔmal tin fɔ fil smɔl frayd we dɛn yɛri di wɔd "bayopsi." Bɔt imajin if we bin de fɔ no bɔt kansa sɛl dɛn bay we yu tek jɔs wan drop pan yu blɔd? Na dat wi kin kɔl dis wɔndaful, kɔt-ɛj tɛknɔlɔji, "Liquid Biopsy." Dis dɔn mek di wan dɛn we de fɛt kansa gɛt bɔku op.

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, wetin na dis Liquid Biopsy?

Liquid Biopsy na spɛshal blɔd tɛst we dɛn kin yuz fɔ no di tumbu dɛn. Imajin se we tumbu de gro na wi bɔdi ɛn gro, smɔl smɔl pat pan di tumbu brok ɛn go insay di blɔd. Jɔs lɛk lɛk plasta we de fɔdɔm pan ol wɔl. Wi kin no di pis dɛm fɔ kansa we de go insay di blɔd wit dis Liquid Biopsy test.

Tu men tin de we kin de insay di blɔd:

• di tכmכro sεl dεm we de kכmכt (CTC): Dis na ol kεnsar sεl dεm we dεn brok kכmכt frכm di tכmכro εn travul כlsay na di bכdi tru di bכdi.
• Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA): dis na sכm sכm jεnεtik infכmeshכn (DNA) insay di kεnsar sεl dεm. DNA lεk "blueprint" we gεt כl di instrכkshכn dεm we wan sεl nid fכ wok. We di kansa sɛl dɛn day, dɛn pat dɛn ya na di DNA kin gɛda na di blɔd.

If yu gɛt dɛn CTC ɔ ctDNA ya na yu blɔd, na gud tin fɔ sho se kansa de sɔmsay na yu bɔdi. Dɔn bak, dɛn tin ya kin gi wi bɔku tin fɔ no bɔt di jɛnɛtik infɔmeshɔn we di kansa gɛt. We yu dɔktɔ yuz da infɔmeshɔn de, i go ɛp yu fɔ disayd us tritmɛnt go fayn fɔ yu.

Dis stil na nyu tin, bɔt sayɛnsman dɛn biliv se i go chenj di we aw dɛn de mɛn kansa. Bɔku trayal dɛn dɔn ɔlrɛdi de we ɛjɛnshi dɛm lɛk di US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) dɔn gri fɔ.

Aw dis difrɛn frɔm bayɔpsi we dɛn kin du ɔltɛm?

Big difrɛns de bitwin dɛn tu. Insay bayɔpsi we dɛn kin du ɔltɛm, dɛn kin tek wan tisu sɛmpul dairekt frɔm di kansa tɔŋ ɛn tɛst am. Bɔt insay likwid bayɔpsi, dɛn nɔ kin tek sɛmpul frɔm di tɔŋ. Bifo dat, i de luk fɔ pruf fɔ gɛt kansa (kansa sɛl ɔ DNA pat dɛn) na di blɔd.

Lɛ wi luk dis tebul fɔ mek wi no mɔ bɔt di difrɛns bitwin di tu.

Insay likwid bayɔpsi, smɔl chans de fɔ mek ivin if kansa de na di bɔdi, di blɔd sɛmpul we dɛn tek da tɛm de nɔ go gɛt kansa sɛl dɛn. Bɔt if dɛn no se kansa, di infɔmeshɔn we i de gi rili impɔtant fɔ plan fɔ trit am.

Insay us kes dɛn dɛn kin du likwid bayɔpsi?

Dɔktɔ kin tɛl dɛn fɔ du dis tɛst fɔ di wan dɛn we dɛn kansa dɔn go bifo ɛn we dɔn skata to ɔda pat dɛn na dɛn bɔdi (mɛtastatik kansa). Dis kin ɛp dɛn fɔ disayd wetin fɔ du nɛks, mɔ if di tritmɛnt dɛn we dɛn de gi dɛn naw nɔ de wok fayn.

Bɔku men rizin dɛn de we mek yu fɔ du dis tɛst:

1. Ditarmin di prɔgnosis

di nכmba fכ di CTC dεm (kansa sεl dεm) na di bכdi kin gi wan rכf aidia fכ di sikman in kכndishכn. di lכw nכmba fכ CTC dεm na di bכdi min se i rili gud kכndishכn. Bɔt if bɔku CTC dɛn de, dat min se di sik kin tranga smɔl. Dis we ya, dɔktɔ dɛn kin du dis tɛst wan wan tɛm, si aw di sik de ansa we dɛn de trit am, ɛn chenj di tritmɛnt akɔdin to dat.

2. Mek di tritmɛnt disizhɔn dɛn

Dis na wan pan di valyu tin dɛm we Liquid Biopsy de gi. Sɔm kansa sɛl dɛn gɛt patikyula mistek dɛn we dɛn kin mek na dɛn jɛnɛtiks. Sɔm patikyula mɛrɛsin dɛn de we de tɔch dɛn chenj dɛn de nɔmɔ. Wi kin kɔl dis ``targeted therapy''. Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, i tan lɛk lɔk we pɔsin kin jɔs opin wit wan patikyula ki. Liquid Biopsy kin tɛl yu us kayn "lɔk" yu kansa sɛl dɛn gɛt. Dɔn yu dɔktɔ kin gi yu di rayt "ki" (drug) fɔ dat.

3. If dɛn nɔ ebul fɔ du nɔmal bayɔpsi

Sɔntɛnde, pɔsin we sik kin wik tumɔs fɔ mek dɛn du bayɔpsi ɔltɛm. Ɔ di tumbu kin de na wan pat pan wan ɔgan we rili sɛnsitiv ɛn i nɔ kin izi fɔ rich, lɛk di bren ɔ di lɔng. If dɛn kɔt wan pat frɔm da kayn ples de, i kin mek i pwɛl di wɛlbɔdi tisu we de rawnd am. Insay dɛn kayn tin ya, wan likwid bayɔpsi we nɔ gɛt risk kin rili yusful.

Wetin na di Liquid Biopsy test dɛm we dɛn dɔn gri fɔ naw?

Bɔku risach de apin ɔlsay na di wɔl. Naw, sɔm big big trial dɛn de we di FDA dɔn gri fɔ na Amɛrika, we min se dɛn dɔn tɛst dɛn gud gud wan fɔ si if dɛn sef ɛn if dɛn kɔrɛkt:

• Cell Search® Circulating Tumor Cell (CTC) Test: Dis de mכsu di nכmba fכ di CTC dεm (kansa sεl dεm) na di bכdi. Dɛn kin yuz am fɔ wach aw di wan dɛn we gɛt bɔdi, prɔstat, ɛn kɔlon kansa we dɔn skata ɔlsay na di bɔdi de.
• cobas® EGFR Mutation Test v2: Dis de tεst fכ ctDNA (kansa DNA fragmεnt dεm). i de sho chenj dεm na di EGFR jin, we kכmכn pasmak pan lכng kεnsar (nכn sכm sכl lכng kεnsar - NSCLC). akɔdin to dis, dɛn kin pik di `targeted therapy` we fit pas ɔl.
• Guardant360® CDx: Dis de luk bak fɔ ctDNA. I de sho di kɔmɔn jɛnɛtik chenj dɛn we dɛn kin si pan bɔku kayn kansa ɛn i kin ɛp dɔktɔ dɛn fɔ pik di tritmɛnt we go wok fayn pas ɔl.
• FoundationOne® Liquid CDx: Dis na ctDNA test bak we dɛn kin yuz fɔ no di chenj dɛn we de apin na di jɛnɛtiks pan difrɛn kayn kansa, we kin ɛp fɔ no di tritmɛnt dɛn we go wok fayn pas ɔl.

Yu tink se dis tɛst de mek pɔsin fil pen? Aw lɔng i kin tek fɔ gɛt di rizɔlt?

Di bɛst tin bɔt Liquid Biopsy na dat na wan rili simpul, we nɔ de mek pɔsin fil pen. I jɔs tan lɛk we yu de gi blɔd fɔ mek dɛn du blɔd tɛst ɔltɛm. Nɔ pen nɔ de pas fɔ swɛt smɔl we dɛn put di nidul.

Dɛn kin sɛn yu blɔd sɛmpul to lab, usay di wan dɛn we de stɔdi bɔt di sik kin separet di plasma frɔm di blɔd ɛn tɛst am fɔ CTC ɔ ctDNA. Bɔrku tɛm, i kin tek tu to tri wiks fɔ gɛt di rizɔlt.

Di rizulyt de tɛl yu if yu blɔd sɛmpul gɛt kansa sɛl ɔ DNA fragmɛnt (positiv) ɔ nɔ gɛt (negativ). If dɛn gɛt di sik, sɔm tɛst dɛn kin no bak us kayn kansa dɛn kɔmɔt ɛn us chenj dɛn na dɛn jɛnɛtiks.