Wali okirabye nti waliwo omuntu mu maka go, oboolyawo jjajja wo, jjajja wo, oba omu ku bazadde bo, agenda yeerabira buli kimu mpolampola? Kikuzibuwalira okukola ebintu bye wali okola obulungi ennyo, gamba ng’okulima ensuku, okukola emirimu gy’awaka oba okunoonya ekkubo? Kino kye kifaananyi bangi ku ffe kye tulowoozaako bwe tuwulira ekigambo Obulwadde bwa Alzheimer. Naye obadde okimanyi nti waliwo ebika by’obulwadde buno eby’enjawulo? Tekikosa buli muntu mu ngeri y’emu. Leero, tugenda kwogera ku nsonga eno.
Ddala obulwadde bwa Alzheimer kye ki?
Nga tetunnaba kwogera ku bika bino, ka tutegeere mu ngeri ennyangu ennyo ekituuka ku bwongo mu bulwadde bwa Alzheimer. Teebereza nti obwongo bwaffe mutimbagano ogw’ekyewuunyo ogw’obuwumbi n’obuwumbi bw’obusimu obuyitibwa neurons, oba obutoffaali bw’obusimu obukolagana. Buli kye tulowooza, kye tujjukira, era kye tuyiga kikolebwa nga tuyita mu mpuliziganya eriwo wakati w’obutoffaali buno.
Mu bulwadde bwa Alzheimer, ekika kya puloteyina ekiyitibwa amyloid beta peptides kitandika okuzimba mu bwongo mu ngeri etayagala. Bino bizimba ne bikola ebipande n'ebiwujjo . Mu ngeri ennyangu, kiringa okuzibikira mu nkola y’empuliziganya y’obwongo. Kino kitaataaganya empuliziganya wakati w’obutoffaali bw’obusimu, era ekiseera bwe kigenda kiyitawo, obutoffaali obwo bufa. Kino kivaamu obubonero ng’okubulwa okujjukira, okutabulwa, n’okukaluubirirwa okusalawo.
Ekikulu kiri nti wadde ng’obubonero buno bweyongera okumala ekiseera mu buli mulwadde wa Alzheimer, entandikwa n’obwangu bw’obulwadde buno busobola okwawukana okusinziira ku muntu. Kino kiva ku bika by’endwadde eby’enjawulo bye twogerako.
Ebika by’obulwadde bwa Alzheimer ebikulu ebibiri
Bannasayansi obulwadde bwa Alzheimer bagabanyaamu ebika bibiri ebikulu, okusinziira ku myaka obulwadde buno gye buzuuliddwa. Ka tulabe enjawulo eriwo wakati w’ebintu bino byombi.
| Engeri | Obulwadde bwa Alzheimer obutandika amangu | Obulwadde bwa Alzheimer obutandika ekikeerezi |
|---|---|---|
| Emyaka gy’okutandika | Abali wansi w’emyaka 65 (abasinga bali mu myaka gyabwe egy’obukulu 40-50) . | Emyaka 65 n’okudda waggulu |
| Obunji | Rare (nga 5% ku balwadde bonna) . | Ekika ekisinga okubeerawo |
| Enkolagana y’obuzaale | Ebiseera ebisinga wabaawo akakwate ak’amaanyi mu buzaale (obulema mu chromosomes 1, 14, ne 21) . | Akakwate k’obuzaale tekategeerekeka bulungi. Kiyinza okutambulira mu maka oba nedda. |
| Obwongo bukyuka | Ebipande n’okutabula okusingawo mu bwongo n’okufiirwa obuzito bw’obwongo birabibwa. | Wadde ng’enkyukakyuka mu bwongo zibaawo, ziyinza okuba ku mutendera ogwa wansi bw’ogeraageranya n’ebika ebirala. |
| Obubonero obulala | Okunyiga ebinywa n’okusikasika (myoclonus) bitera okubaawo. | Engeri eno etera obutaba ya bulijjo. |
| Obulabe obw’enjawulo | Abantu abalina obulwadde bwa Down syndrome bali mu bulabe bwa maanyi. | Okukaddiwa kye kisinga okuleeta akabi. |
Ebisingawo katono ku bulwadde bwa Alzheimer obutandika amangu
Teebereza, watya singa omuntu ali ku ntikko y’omulimu gwe, ng’akuza abaana be, era ng’amala ebiseera ebisinga obungi mu bulamu bwe, atandika okufuna obuzibu mu kujjukira ku myaka nga 45? Kino kye kitundu ekisinga okunaku mu bulwadde bwa Alzheimer obutandika amangu. Wadde nga tekitera kubaawo, kiwuniikiriza nnyo omuntu n’ab’omu maka ge abazuuliddwa n’obulwadde buno.
Okwonooneka kw’obwongo mu balwadde bano kuyinza okuba okw’amangu era okw’amaanyi. Era, embeera eno etera okukwatibwako ensonga z’obuzaale ez’amaanyi - kwe kugamba, obulema obumu mu buzaale obusikira okuva mu bazadde okutuuka ku baana.
Obulwadde bwa Alzheimer obutandika ekikeerezi - ekika ffenna kye tumanyi
Kino kye kika kye tusinga okulaba n’okwogerako nga twogera ku bulwadde bwa Alzheimer. Tulabye bajjajjaffe nga bagenda bakendeera mpolampola okujjukira. Kino kye kiri. Obuzaale obutuufu obuvaako ekika kino tebunnazuulibwa. Kwe kugamba, tekiyinza kugambibwa nti ddala ojja kubufuna singa maama wo oba kitaawo yalina obulwadde buno. Kyokka omuntu mu maka go bw’aba alina, abalala nabo baba mu kabi akatono. Naye kirowoozebwa nti ebintu bingi, gamba ng’obuzaale, engeri y’obulamu, n’obutonde bw’ensi, bikwata ku kino.
Obulwadde bwa Alzheimer mu maka (FAD) kye ki?
Kino kye kika ekirala eky’enjawulo, naye ekitono ennyo, ekitono ennyo eky’obulwadde bwa Alzheimer. FAD (Familial Alzheimer’s Disease) ngeri ya bulwadde bwa Alzheimer obukakasiddwa nti buva ku buzaale obw’enjawulo .
Mu ngeri ennyangu, kyetaagisa waakiri emirembe ebiri (e.g., jjajja ne taata) okubeera n’obulwadde buno. Kino kikosa abalwadde abatakka wansi wa 1% ku balwadde bonna aba Alzheimer. Ekikulu, abantu bangi abalina obulwadde bwa Alzheimer obutandika amangu mu butuufu balina ekika kino ekya FAD. Kwe kugamba, kiyisibwa okuyita mu buzaale bwabwe.
Nkole ntya singa mba nnina okubuusabuusa ku muntu mu maka gange?
Bw’oba olina okubuusabuusa oba okutya kwonna ku kujjukira omuntu mu maka go naddala omuto, tokibuusa maaso.
- Ekisinga obulungi okukola amangu ddala kwe kulaba omusawo alina obumanyirivu. Kiba kirungi naddala ng’osobola okulaba omusawo w’obusimu.
- Omusawo abuuza ku bubonero n’ebyafaayo by’obujjanjabi bw’amaka.
- Okukeberebwa okuwerako kujja kukolebwa okulaba oba waliwo ebintu ebirala ebivaako okubulwa okujjukira (nga obutaba na vitamiini, obuzibu mu thyroid, oba situleesi).
- Bwe kiba kyetaagisa, bajja kukusindika ku bintu nga okukebera obwongo (CT/MRI).
Jjukira nti okuzuula amangu obulwadde buyamba omulwadde n’ab’omu maka okuteekateeka nga bukyali n’okufuna obuyambi n’obujjanjabi obwetaagisa. Kale totya kunoonya magezi ga musawo.
Obubaka Obutwala Awaka
- Obulwadde bwa Alzheimer si bulwadde bumu. Waliwo ebika bibiri ebikulu: okutandika amangu, okukwata abantu abali wansi w’emyaka 65, n’okulwawo, okukwata abantu abasukka mu myaka 65.
- Ekika ekitandika amangu tekitera kubaawo, naye obubonero bwakyo n’okwonooneka kw’obwongo biba bya maanyi nnyo. Kitera okukwatagana n’obulema mu buzaale obuyisibwa mu milembe.
- Ekika ky’okutandika ekikeerezi kye tusinga okulaba kikwatagana n’okukaddiwa. Tewali kivaako buzaale ntongole tekinnazuulibwa.
- Omuntu yenna mu maka go naddala ku myaka emito bw’aba alaga obubonero bw’okubulwa okujjukira, tobuusa maaso era oyogere n’omusawo mu bwangu.
- Okumanya obulwadde buno n’okubuzuula amangu y’engeri esinga okuyamba omulwadde okubeera n’obulamu obw’omutindo.
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