Naawe tolina buzibu bwe bumu? Ka twogere ku bulwadde bw’okuwuguka.

Oluusi owulira essanyu ery’amangu, naye enkeera n’owulira ennaku ey’amaanyi era ng’obulamu bukuboola? Oba waliwo omuntu gw’omanyi eyafuna ekintu kino? Kino si kintu kirala kyokka, mpozzi ekivaako kino bwe buzibu bw’okuwuguka. Leero, kino tugenda kukyogerako mu ngeri ennyangu, mu ngeri gy’osobola okutegeera.

Obulwadde bw’okutabuka emitwe kye ki?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, obuzibu bw’okuwuguka (bipolar disorder) mbeera ya bulamu bw’obwongo ewangaala . Emabegako kyayitibwa "obulwadde obw'okwennyamira" oba "okwennyamira okw'ekika kya manic." Kimanyiddwa olw’enkyukakyuka ez’amangu, ez’amaanyi mu mbeera yo, amaanyi g’olina, mu ndowooza yo n’enneeyisa yo. Enkyukakyuka zino ziyinza okumala essaawa, ennaku, wiiki, oba n’emyezi. Era ziyinza okutaataaganya obusobozi bwo okukola emirimu gyayo mu ngeri eya bulijjo.

Obulwadde bw‟okuwuguka bumanyiddwa olw‟enkyukakyuka z‟embeera bbiri enkulu: ebiseera eby‟okuwuguka oba eby‟okwennyamira n‟ebiseera eby ‟okwennyamira . Kyokka kino tekitegeeza nti omuntu alina obuzibu bw’okuwuguka bulijjo abeera mu kimu ku bitundu bino ebibiri. Era baba n’ebiseera eby’okubeera mu mbeera eya bulijjo. Kino tukiyita "euthymia."

Lwaki erinnya "manic-depressive illness" terikyakozesebwa?

Waliwo ensonga eziwerako eziviirako kino:

• Edda abasawo baakozesanga ekigambo "manic depression" okutegeeza endwadde z'obwongo ez'enjawulo. Kati, nga enkola z'okugabanya endwadde z'obwongo, nga "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" (DSM) , bwe zikulaakulana, okukozesa erinnya "obuzibu bw'okuwuguka" kifuula okuzuula okutegeerekeka obulungi.
• Ebigambo "manic" ne "mania" birina nnyo okuvumwavumwa n'amakulu amabi mu bantu naddala ebigambo nga "maniac." Mu ngeri y'emu, abantu bakozesa ekigambo "okwennyamira" okunnyonnyola ennaku eya bulijjo, ne bwe kiba nga si kiwuubaalo kya bujjanjabi . Erinnya "bipolar disorder" liwugulaza okuva ku bigambo bino ebibiri.
• "Obulwadde bwa bipolar disorder" kigambo kya bujjanjabi, kya bujjanjabi okusinga "manic depression." Kitwala obuzito obutono mu nneewulira.
• Erinnya "manic depression" terikwata ku ngeri za cyclothymic oba hypomanic (nga bipolar II disorder) ez'embeera eno.

Bubonero ki obukulu obulaga obulwadde bw’okuwuguka?

Kati ka tulabe ekibaawo mu biseera bino eby’okuwuubaala n’okwennyamira.

Ebitundu bya Manic

Obuzibu bw’okutabuka emitwe (Bpolar I Disorder).Abantu abalina obulwadde bw’okuwuguka boolekedde okufuna ebiseera bino eby’okuwuguka. Wano omuudu yo w’efuuka waggulu mu ngeri etaali ya bulijjo, oluusi n’okunyiiga ennyo. Mu kiseera kye kimu, enneewulira zo, ebirowoozo byo, amaanyi go, enjogera yo, n’enneeyisa yo byonna bikyuka nnyo. Omutindo guno ogw’amaanyi amangi n’enneeyisa byawukana nnyo ku muntu wo owa bulijjo, era byeyoleka eri abalala.

Abantu abamu bwe baba mu mbeera y’okuwuubaala, bayinza okwekolera ebintu eby’obulabe mu mubiri, mu mbeera z’abantu oba mu by’ensimbi. Ng’ekyokulabirako, bayinza okusaasaanya ssente ennyingi mu bwangu, okuzannya zzaala, oba okuvuga mu ngeri etafaayo. Oluusi , obubonero bw‟okutabuka emitwe , gamba ng‟ okwewuunya n ‟okulaba ebirooto, nabyo biyinza okubaawo. Kino oluusi kiyinza okukaluubiriza okwawula obulwadde bw’okuwuguka ku ndwadde endala, gamba ng’obulwadde bw’okutabuka emitwe.

Ng’ekyokulabirako, mu bika ebimu eby’obuzibu bw’okuwuguka, abantu abalina obuzibu bw’okuwuguka bafuna embeera eyitibwa hypomania . Kino kitundu kya maanyi nnyo ate nga kisingako ku mania. Tekiwangaala nga manic episodes era tekitaataaganya nkola ya buli lunaku nga bwe kiri.

Ebitundu eby’okwennyamira

Mu kiseera ky’okwennyamira, oyinza okuwulira ennaku ennyo era nga tolina ssuubi. Ate era oyinza obutafaayo ku bintu bye wali onyumirwa. Obubonero obulala obw’okwennyamira nabwo buyinza okulabika:

• Obukoowu, obukoowu.
• Enkyukakyuka mu kwagala okulya (okweyongera oba okukendeeza).
• Okuwulira nga tolina mugaso kabonero akalaga nti tolina ssuubi.
• Obutasobola kukola kintu kyonna.
• Mpulira nga njagala okukaaba.

Bika ki eby‟obuzibu bw‟okuwuguka?

Waliwo ebika bina ebikulu eby‟obuzibu bw‟okuwuguka:

1. Obulwadde bwa Bipolar I Disorder: Abantu bano bafunye ekiseera kimu oba ebisingawo eby’okuwuniikirira. Abantu bangi balina ebiseera byombi eby’okwennyamira n’eby’okwennyamira, naye okyayinza okuzuulibwa nti olina obulwadde bwa bipolar I singa oba olina ebiseera bya manic byokka nga tolina kiseera kya kweraliikirira. Ebiseera by’okwennyamira bitera okumala waakiri wiiki bbiri. Okuzuulibwa nti olina bipolar I, manic episode yo erina okumala waakiri ennaku musanvu oba nga ya maanyi ekimala nga yeetaaga okuweebwa ekitanda mu ddwaaliro. Abantu bano era basobola okuba n’ebitundu ebitabuddwamu , nga bino bye bitundu nga obubonero bw’okuwuubaala n’okwennyamira buliwo.

2. Obulwadde bwa Bipolar II Disorder: Abantu bano bafuna ebiseera by’okwennyamira n’ebiseera eby’okutabuka. Naye tebafunangako biseera bya manic ebijjuvu ebitera okubeera mu bipolar I. Wadde nga hypomania tetaataaganya nnyo okusinga mania, bipolar II disorder oluusi eyinza okutawaanya ennyo okusinga bipolar I. Kino kiri bwe kityo kubanga okwennyamira okutambula obutasalako kusinga kubeera mu bipolar II.

3. 3. .Obuzibu bwa Cyclothymic Disorder (Cyclothymia): Abantu bano balina embeera y’omuntu etali nnywevu. Zikyukakyuka wakati wa hypomania n’okwennyamira okutono okumala waakiri emyaka ebiri. Bayinza okuba n’ebiseera ebitono eby’okufa, naye ebiseera bino tebirina wiiki munaana.

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Njawulo ki eriwo wakati w‟obuzibu bw‟obuntu obw‟ensalo (BPD) n‟obuzibu bw‟okuwuguka?

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) n’obuzibu bw’okuwuguka bisobola okutabulwa kubanga birina obumu ku bubonero bwe bumu. Kyokka, mbeera bbiri ez’enjawulo.

BPD emanyiddwa olw’enkyukakyuka ez’ekiseera ekiwanvu, ez’amangu mu mbeera, enneeyisa, n’engeri gye yeetunuuliramu . Bino bitera okuva ku butakkaanya mu nkolagana n’abalala. BPD ekwatagana n‟emirundi mingi egy‟okwelumwa nga teyeetta, ekintu ekitali kya bulijjo mu buzibu bw‟okuwuguka.

Obulwadde bw’okuwuguka bwawukana ku BPD mu ngeri nti buzingiramu ebiseera ebitegeerekeka obulungi, ebiwangaala eby’okuwuguka/okuwuguka n’/oba okwennyamira . Ebiseera bino eby‟okuwuguka oba okwennyamira bisobola okuva ku bintu ebitali bimu. Ng’ekyokulabirako, okutaataaganyizibwa mu tulo, situleesi, n’okukozesa eddagala n’ebiragalalagala ebimu.

Ani afuna obulwadde bw’okuwuguka?

Kisobola okukula mu muntu yenna. Ebiseera ebisinga butandika ku myaka 25. Naye si bulijjo nnyo, buyinza okutandika ku myaka emito, oba ne mu myaka gyo egy’obukulu 40 oba 50.

Bukwata abakyala n’abasajja kyenkanyi, naye wayinza okubaawo enjawulo entonotono mu ngeri gye bubakwatamu.

• Abakyala abalina obuzibu bw’okuwuguka basobola okukyuka amangu mu muudu. Bw'oba n'emirundi ena oba okusingawo egy'okuwuubaala oba okwennyamira mu mwaka gumu, kiyitibwa "okuvuga obugaali obw'amangu." Enkyukakyuka mu busimu bw'okwegatta n'obusimu bwa thyroid , wamu n'okukozesa eddagala eriweweeza ku kweraliikirira mu bakyala, kiyinza okuvaako embeera eno eya "okuvuga obugaali obw'amangu".
• Abakyala nabo bayinza okufuna ebiseera by’okwennyamira okusinga abasajja.

Obulwadde bw’okuwuguka butera kwenkana wa?

Abantu abakulu nga obukadde 5.7 mu Amerika, oba 2.6% ku bantu, balina embeera eno. Embeera eno era esobola okulabibwa mu Sri Lanka.

Bubonero ki obulaga obulwadde bw’okuwuguka?

Akabonero akakulu ak'obuzibu bw'okuwuguka ( bipolar I disorder ) kwe kukwatibwa obulwadde bwa manic episode okumala waakiri wiiki emu . Abantu abalina obulwadde bwa bipolar II oba cyclothymia bafuna ebiseera by’okutabuka emitwe (hypomanic episodes).

Naye abantu bangi abalina obuzibu bw‟okuwuguka bafuna ebiseera byombi eby‟okuwuguka/okuwunyiriza n‟okwennyamira. Enkyukakyuka zino ez’embeera tezitera kubaawo mu ngeri y’emu. Episode ya manic tetera kugoberera episode ya depressive. Omuntu asobola okuba n‟embeera y‟emu (e.g., mania) emirundi mingi, era asobola n‟okuva mu muudu eya bulijjo (euthymia) n‟adda ku ludda olulala (okwennyamira).

Enkyukakyuka zino mu mbeera ziyinza okumala wiiki, emyezi, oba n’emyaka.

Ekikulu nti enkyukakyuka zino mu muudu ziva mu bbanga lyo erya bulijjo era enkyukakyuka emala ebbanga ddene . Mu bulwadde bwa mania, busobola okumala ennaku oba wiiki, ate mu kiwuubaalo, busobola okumala wiiki oba emyezi.

Obuzibu bw‟ebiseera by‟okwennyamira n‟okwewuunya buyinza okwawukana okusinziira ku muntu, era n‟oluvannyuma lw‟ekiseera mu muntu omu.

Obubonero bwa Manic Episodes

Abantu abamu bafuna ebiseera by’okusannyalala oba okuwuguka emirundi egiwerako mu bulamu bwabwe. Abalala tebatera nnyo kubifuna.

Obubonero bw’ekiseera ky’okuwuniikirira bwe buno:

• Okuwulira essanyu lingi, essuubi n’okucamuka.
• Enkyukakyuka ey’amangu, ey’amaanyi mu mbeera. Ng’ekyokulabirako, okuva ku kusanyuka ennyo okutuuka ku busungu oba obulabe obw’amangu.
• Obutawummula.
• Okwogera amangu, ebirowoozo by’empaka.
• Amaanyi geeyongera, obwetaavu bw’okwebaka obukendedde.
• Okwongera okwefuga, okusalawo obubi. Ng’ekyokulabirako, okuva ku mulimu mu bwangu.
• Okukola enteekateeka ennene, ezitasoboka.
• Enneeyisa ey’obutafaayo, ey’akabi. Okugeza, okukozesa ebiragalalagala n’omwenge, okwegatta okutali kwa bukuumi.
• Okuwulira nga oli mukulu mu ngeri etaali ya bulijjo, ng’olina ekitone oba ng’olina amaanyi.
• Obulwadde bw’omutwe – Okufuna ebirooto n’okuwubisa mu mbeera ezisinga okuba ez’amaanyi ez’okuwuguka.

Ebiseera ebisinga, abantu abali mu mbeera ya manic tebamanyi bibi ebiyinza okuva mu bikolwa byabwe. Obulabe bw‟okwetta bulijjo bubaawo mu buzibu bw‟okuwuguka. Abantu abamu bakemebwa okwetta mu mbeera z’okwennyamira, so si mu mbeera z’okwennyamira zokka.

Singa omuntu aba mu mbeera ey’okutya ennyo naddala ng’alina ebirooto n’okuwubisa, ayinza okwetaaga okuweebwa ekitanda mu ddwaaliro okwekuuma n’abalala obutatuukibwako bulabe.

Obubonero bw’obulwadde bwa Hypomania

Abantu abamu bafuna obubonero obufaananako n’obw’okuwuubaala, naye nga butono. Kino kiyitibwa hypomania . Mu kiseera kino oyinza okuwulira obulungi ennyo n’owulira ng’osobola okukola bingi. Abantu abali mu mbeera ya hypomanic ebiseera ebisinga basobola okukola obulungi mu bantu oba ku mulimu.

Mu kiseera ky’okubeera n’obulwadde bwa hypomanic episode, oyinza obutawulira nga waliwo ekikyamu. Naye ab’omu maka go ne mikwano gyo bayinza okulaba enkyukakyuka mu mbeera yo n’enneeyisa yo, era bayinza okulowooza nti si kya bulijjo gy’oli. Oyinza n’okufuna ekiwuubaalo eky’amaanyi oluvannyuma lw’okufuna ekiwuubaalo eky’obutamanya.

Obubonero bw’ebiseera by’okwennyamira

Obubonero bw'ebiseera by'okwennyamira mu buzibu bw'okuwuguka bufaananako n'obw'okwennyamira okw'amaanyi . Mulimu:

• Okuwulira ennaku etagumiikiriza.
• Obutabeera na maanyi, obukoowu.
• Obutafaayo kukola kintu kyonna.
• Okuggwaamu essuubi, okuwulira nga tolina mugaso.
• Obutafuna ssanyu mu bintu ebyali bireeta essanyu.
• Okukaluubirirwa okussa ebirowoozo byo ku kintu ekimu, okusalawo.
• Okukaaba nga tosobola kwefuga.
• Obusungu.
• Okwetaaga okwebaka okweyongera.
• Obuteebaka oba okwebaka ekisusse.
• Okugejja oba okweyongera olw’enkyukakyuka mu njagala y’okulya.
• Ebirowoozo ku kufa oba okwetta ( Suicidal Ideation ).

Bw’oba ​​olina ebirowoozo by’okwetta, olina okunoonya obuyambi mu bwangu. Mu Sri Lanka, kuba ekibiina nga Sumithrayo (0112692909), oba genda mu ddwaaliro erikuli okumpi.

Engeri z'Episode Etabuddwamu

Mu kitundu ekitabuddwa, obubonero bw’okuwuguka n’okwennyamira byombi bibaawo wamu. Mu kiseera kino, obeera n’enneewulira n’ebirowoozo ebitali birungi ebijja n’okwennyamira, naye era owulira nga weeraliikirira, nga toteredde era ng’olina amaanyi mangi.

Abantu abafuna ebiseera ebitali bimu batera okugamba nti kye kitundu ekisinga obubi mu buzibu bw’okuwuguka.

Biki ebivaako obulwadde bw’okuwuguka?

Bannasayansi n’okutuusa kati tebamanyi kituufu ekivaako kino.

Naye balowooza nti waliwo akakwate ak’amaanyi mu buzaale (obuzaale/obusika) . Obulwadde bw’okuwuguka (bipolar disorder) bwe bumu ku bulwadde bw’obwongo obusinga okutawaanya abantu. Abantu abasoba mu bibiri ku bisatu abalina obulwadde bw’okuwuguka balina ow’oluganda mu musaayi naye alina obulwadde buno. Naye olw’okuba omuntu wo ow’omusaayi alina obulwadde bw’okuwuguka tekitegeeza nti ojja kubufuna.

Ensonga endala bannassaayansi ze balowooza nti ziviirako obulwadde bw’okutabuka emitwe mulimu:

• Enkyukakyuka mu bwongo bwo: Abanoonyereza bazudde enkyukakyuka ezitali za maanyi mu sayizi oba enkola ya bulijjo ey’ebizimbe ebimu eby’obwongo mu bantu abalina obuzibu bw’okuwuguka. Naye obuzibu buno tebusobola kuzuulibwa nga bakozesa bwongo.
• Ensonga ezikwata ku butonde bw’ensi, gamba ng’okulumwa ennyo n’okunyigirizibwa: Ekintu ekikuleetera okunyigirizibwa, gamba ng’okufa kw’omwagalwa wo, obulwadde obw’amaanyi, okwawukana oba obuzibu mu by’ensimbi, kiyinza okuvaako omuntu ow’okutya oba okwennyamira. N’olwekyo, situleesi n’okulumwa ennyo nabyo bisobola okuleetawo obulwadde bw’okuwuguka.

Mu kiseera kino bannassaayansi bali mu kunoonyereza ku ngeri ensonga zino gye zikwataganamu n’okuwuguka, engeri gye ziyinza okuyamba okuziyiza embeera eno, n’engeri gye zikwata ku bujjanjabi.

Obulwadde bw’okuwuguka buzuulibwa butya?

Omusawo ayinza okukozesa ebintu ebiwerako okuzuula kino:

• Okukebera omubiri.
• Ebyafaayo by‟obujjanjabi ebijjuvu (okubuuza ku bubonero bwo, by‟oyitamu mu bulamu bwo, n‟ebyafaayo by‟amaka).
• Okukebera abasawo, .Nga okukebera omusaayi. Bino bikolebwa okukebera embeera endala eziyinza okuba nga zikuleetera obubonero (e.g., hyperthyroidism ).
• Okwekenenya obulamu bw’obwongo. Kino omusawo asobola okukikola, oba oyinza okukusindika ew’omusawo omukugu mu by’obulamu bw’obwongo, gamba ng’omusawo w’eby’omutwe.

Okusobola okuzuulibwa nti olina obulwadde bw’okuwuguka, olina okuba ng’ofunye waakiri ekitundu kimu eky’okuwuguka oba okuwuguka . Abakugu mu by’obulamu bw’obwongo bakozesa ekitabo ekiyitibwa Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) okuyamba okuzuula ekika ky’obulwadde bw’okuwuguka kw’oyinza okuba nabwo.

Okusobola okumanya ekika ky’obulwadde bw’okuwuguka kw’olina, omusawo wo ajja kwekenneenya engeri obubonero bwo gye bukwatamu n’engeri gye bukosaamu obulamu bwo mu mbeera ezisinga obubi.

Abantu abalina obuzibu bw‟okuwuguka batera okuba n‟embeera zino ez‟obulamu bw‟omutwe:

• Okweraliikirira.
• Obuzibu bw‟okussaayo omwoyo/okukola ennyo (ADHD).
• Obuzibu bw’okunyigirizibwa oluvannyuma lw’okukosebwa (PTSD).
• Obuzibu mu kukozesa ebiragalalagala.

Olw’ensonga eno, era olw’okuba abantu bayinza obutajjukira kukifuna kubanga okujjukira kwabwe kukosebwa mu kiseera ky’okuwuniikirira, oluusi kiyinza okuba ekizibu abasawo okuzuula obulungi abantu abalina obulwadde bw’okuwuguka.

Omulwadde ow'okuwuguka mu mbeera y'okuwuguka okw'amaanyi ng'alina ebirooto ayinza okuzuulibwa mu bukyamu ng'obulwadde bw'okutabuka emitwe . Era kisoboka okuzuulibwa mu bukyamu ng’obuzibu bw’obuntu obw’ensalo (BPD) .

N’olwekyo, kikulu nnyo okuba omwesimbu era omujjuvu ku bubonero bwonna n’ebyo by’oyitamu ng’oyogera n’omusawo wo. Era kiyinza okuyamba okussaamu omwagalwa wo mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo kwo n’omusawo wo asobola okuwa ebisingawo ku byafaayo byo eby’obulamu bw’obwongo.

Obulwadde bw’okuwuguka bujjanjabwa butya?

Obujjanjabi busobola okuyamba abantu bangi, n’abo abalina obulwadde bw’okuwuguka obusinga okuba obw’amaanyi. Enteekateeka y’obujjanjabi ekola obulungi etera okubeeramu bino wammanga nga bigattiddwa wamu:

• Obujjanjabi bw'eby'omutwe / Obujjanjabi bw'okwogera.
• Eddagala.
• Obukodyo bw‟okweddukanya, okugeza, okuyiga ebikwata ku bulwadde, okumanya obubonero obusooka obw‟obulwadde, n‟okuzuula ebivaako obulwadde.
• Emize gy‟obulamu obulungi, gamba nga dduyiro, yoga, n‟okufumiitiriza, bisobola okuwagira obujjanjabi, naye si bidda mu kifo kyabwo.
• Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) ekozesebwa mu mbeera ng’obujjanjabi obulala tebuddamu bulungi ddagala, oba ng’obubonero bwetaaga okufugibwa amangu okuziyiza okwonooneka.

Obulwadde bw’okuwuguka (bipolar disorder) mbeera ya bulamu bwonna, n’olwekyo okujjanjabibwa kwewaayo obulamu bwonna . Kiyinza okukutwalira emyezi oba n’emyaka ggwe n’omusawo wo okufuna enteekateeka y’obujjanjabi ekukolera. Wadde nga kino kiyinza okukunyiiza, kikulu okugenda mu maaso n’obujjanjabi.

Ebiseera bya manic n’okwennyamira biddamu okumala ekiseera. Abantu abasinga obungi abalina obuzibu bw‟okuwuguka bafuna okusonyiyibwa kw‟okukyukakyuka kw‟embeera yaabwe mu biseera by‟ebitundu, naye abamu bayinza okuba n‟obubonero obumu obusigaddewo. Obujjanjabi obw’ekiseera ekiwanvu, obutasalako busobola okuyamba okuddukanya obubonero buno.

Bw’oba ​​olina embeera endala ez’obulamu bw’obwongo (e.g., okweraliikirira, ADHD) awamu n’okuwuguka, okujjanjaba embeera ezo kiyinza okuba ekizibu ennyo. Ng’ekyokulabirako, eddagala eriweweeza ku kweraliikirira eriwonya obulwadde bw’okulowooza ennyo (OCD) n’eddagala erizimba obulwadde bwa ADHD liyinza okwonoona obubonero bw’okuwuguka era ne lituuka n’okuleetawo obulwadde bw’okuwuguka.

Kyokka, wadde ng’okujjanjaba embeera zino kiyinza okuba ekizibu, naye tekisoboka. Beera mwetegefu okunoonya enteekateeka y’obujjanjabi ekukolera.

Bika ki eby’obujjanjabi ebikozesebwa ku bulwadde bw’okuwuguka?

Obujjanjabi bw'eby'omutwe, era obumanyiddwa nga "obujjanjabi obw'okwogera," buyinza okuba ekitundu ekikulu mu nteekateeka y'obujjanjabi eri abantu abalina obuzibu bw'okuwuguka.

Obujjanjabi bw‟eby‟omutwe bujjanjabi obw‟enjawulo obukuyamba okuzuula n‟okukyusa enneewulira, ebirowoozo n‟enneeyisa ebikutawaanya. Okukolagana n’omukugu mu by’obulamu bw’obwongo , gamba ng’omusawo w’eby’omutwe, kiyinza okukuwa n’ab’omu maka go obuyambi, okusomesebwa, n’okulambika.

Ebika by’obujjanjabi eby’enjawulo ku buzibu bw’okuwuguka:

• Psychoeducation: Kino abakugu mu by‟obulamu bw‟obwongo we bayigiriza abantu ku mbeera z‟obulamu bw‟obwongo bwabwe. Olw’okuba obulwadde bw’okuwuguka embeera nzibu, okubuyiga n’engeri gye bukosaamu obulamu bwo kiyinza okukuyamba ggwe n’abaagalwa bo okubuddukanya obulungi n’okugugumira.
• Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT): Enzijanjaba eno ekoleddwa okukuyamba okutegeera n’okukolagana n’ennyimba zo ez’obulamu n’ez’embeera z’abantu okulongoosa embeera yo. IPSRT bujjanjabi bulungi eri abantu abalina obuzibu bw’okuwuguka n’obuzibu obulala obw’embeera y’omuntu. Essira lisinga kulissa ku kunywerera ku ddagala, okuddukanya ebibaawo mu bulamu ebizibu, n’okukendeeza ku kutaataaganyizibwa mu nnyimba z’embeera z’abantu (enkyukakyuka mu nkola za bulijjo). IPSRT ekuyigiriza obukugu obuyinza okukuyamba okwewala ebiseera eby’omu maaso eby’okuwuguka oba okwennyamira.
• Obujjanjabi obutunuulidde amaka: Buno bujjanjabi eri abantu abakulu n’abaana abalina obulwadde bw’okuwuguka n’abalabirira. Mu bujjanjabi buno, abaagalwa bo bakolagana naawe okuyiga ku bipolar, okulongoosa mu mpuliziganya, n‟okwegezangamu obukugu mu kugonjoola ebizibu.
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Kino kika kya bujjanjabi ekitegekeddwa, nga kitunuulidde ebiruubirirwa. Omusawo wo akuyamba okutunuulira ennyo ebirowoozo byo n’enneewulira zo. Ojja kuyiga engeri ebirowoozo byo gye bikwata ku bikolwa byo. Okuyita mu CBT, osobola okuyiga okuleka ebirowoozo n‟enneeyisa embi n‟okukulaakulanya endowooza n‟emize egy‟obulamu obulungi.

Eddagala ki erikozesebwa ku bulwadde bw’okuwuguka?

Eddagala erimu liyinza okuyamba okuddukanya obubonero bw’okuwuguka. Oyinza okwetaaga okugezesa eddagala ery’enjawulo eriwerako ng’obulagirizi bw’omusawo wo ozuule erisinga okukukolera.

Eddagala erya bulijjo eriwonya obulwadde bw’okuwuguka:

• Ebintu Ebitebenkeza Omuudu.
• Eddagala eriweweeza ku busimu ery’omulembe ogwokubiri ("atypical") (era eriyitibwa antipsychotics).
• Eddagala eriweweeza ku kweraliikirira.

Bw’oba ​​omira eddagala eriweweeza ku bulwadde bw’okuwuguka, ebintu bino bikuume mu birowoozo:

• Yogerako n’omusawo wo ategeere obulabe, ebizibu ebiyinza okuvaamu n’emigaso gy’eddagala lino.
• Buulira omusawo wo ku ddagala eddala lyonna (eriragiddwa, eritali ku ddagala, oba ery’ebiriisa) ly’omira edda.
• Bw’ofuna ebizibu byonna ebikutawaanya, tegeeza omusawo wo amangu ago. Bayinza okukyusa eddagala oba okukuwa eddagala ery’enjawulo.
• Jjukira nti eddagala ly’okuwuguka lirina okumira obutasalako, nga bwe liragiddwa.

Ebitereeza embeera y’omuntu ku bipolar

Abantu abalina obuzibu bw’okuwuguka batera okwetaaga eddagala eritereeza embeera y’omuntu okusobola okuddukanya ebiseera by’okuwuguka oba okutabuka.

Ebika by’ebintu ebitebenkeza embeera y’omuntu n’amannya gaabyo:

• Lithium ( Eskalith®, Lithobid®, Lithonate®) .
• Asidi wa valproic (Depakene®) .
• Sodiyamu ow’ekika kya Divalproex (Depakote®) .
• Eddagala lya Carbamazepine (Tegretol®, Equetro®) .
• Ekirungo kya Lamotrigine (Lamictal®) .

Lithium lye limu ku ddagala erisinga okuwandiikibwa era erisinga okunoonyezebwa ku bulwadde bw’okuwuguka. Lithium munnyo ogusangibwa mu butonde. Kikendeeza ku bubonero bw’okusannyalala mu wiiki bbiri ng’atandise obujjanjabi, naye kiyinza okutwala wiiki oba emyezi obubonero bw’okuwuguka okufugibwa ddala. Olw’ensonga eno, abasawo batera okuwandiika eddagala eddala, gamba ng’eddagala eriweweeza ku bwongo oba eriweweeza ku kweraliikirira, okuyamba okufuga obubonero.

Lithium oluusi asobola okuleeta obuzibu mu thyroid n'ensigo . Kale omusawo wo ajja kukebera buli kiseera enkola y’ekibumba n’ekibumba, awamu n’omuwendo gwa lithium mu musaayi gwo, kubanga omuwendo gwa lithium guyinza bulungi okulinnya ennyo.

Ekintu kyonna ekikendeeza ku bungi bwa sodium — gamba ng’okukyusa okudda ku mmere erimu sodium omutono, okutuuyana ennyo, omusujja, okusiiyibwa, oba ekiddukano — kiyinza okuvaako lithium okuzimba okutuuka ku butwa mu mubiri gwo. Embeera zino zimanye bw’oba ​​omira lithium, era tegeeza omusawo wo singa zibaawo.

Buno bubonero bwa butwa bwa lithium/overdose . Bw’oba ​​olina ekimu ku bino , kuba essimu y’omusawo wo mu bwangu, oba genda mu kisenge ky’abalwadde ab’amangu ekikuli okumpi:

• Okulaba okuzibu oba okulaba emirundi ebiri.
• Omutima okukuba obutasalako.
• Omutima gukuba mangu nnyo oba mpola nnyo.
• Okukaluubirirwa okussa.
• Okutabulwa, okuziyira.
• Okukankana okw’amaanyi oba okukonziba.
• Okufulumya omusulo ekisusse.
• Entambula z’amaaso ezitafugibwa.
• Okunyiga oba okuvaamu omusaayi mu ngeri etaali ya bulijjo.

Eddagala eriweweeza ku busimu eriweweeza ku bulwadde bw’okuwuguka

Abasawo batera okuwandiika eddagala ery’omulembe ogw’okubiri oba eritali lya bulijjo (antippsychotics) wamu n’eddagala eritereeza embeera y’omuntu eri abantu abalina obuzibu bw’okuwuguka. Eddagala lino liyamba ku biseera byombi eby’okuwuniikirira n’okwennyamira.

Eddagala lino nnya lyokka lye likkirizibwa ekitongole kya Amerika ekivunaanyizibwa ku by’emmere n’eddagala (FDA) okujjanjaba ekiwuubaalo eky’okutabuka emitwe:

• Eddagala lya Cariprazine (Vraylar®) .
• Eddagala lya Lurasido (Latuda®) .
• Omugatte gwa Olanzapine ne fluoxetine (Symbyax®) .
• Eddagala lya Quetiapine (Seroquel®) .

Wabula eddagala eddala nga Olanzapine (Zyprexa®), Risperidone (Risperdal®), ne Aripiprazole (Abilify®) nalyo litera okuwandiikibwa.

Eddagala eriweweeza ku kweraliikirira eri obulwadde bw’okuwuguka

Abasawo oluusi bawandiika eddagala eriweweeza ku kweraliikirira okujjanjaba ebiseera by’okwennyamira mu bulwadde bw’okuwuguka. Wabula okuziyiza obulwadde bwa manic episodes, era bakuwa eddagala eriweweeza ku muudu wamu n’eddagala eriweweeza ku kweraliikirira.

Eddagala eriweweeza ku kweraliikirira terikozesebwako ng’eddagala lyokka eriwonya obulwadde bw’okuwuguka, kubanga okumira eddagala eriweweeza ku kweraliikirira lyokka liyinza okuvaako omuntu okugwa.

Biki ebiva mu ddagala ly’okuwuguka?

Ebizibu ebiva mu ddagala ly’okuwuguka bitera okubaawo, era byawukana okusinziira ku ddagala. Kikulu okwogera n’omusawo wo ku ky’osuubira mu ddagala ly’omira. Era kikulu okubabuulira bw’oba ​​olina ebizibu.

Tolekera awo kumira ddagala okuggyako ng’omusawo akugambye. Okuyimiriza eddagala mu bwangu kiyinza okuvaako ebizibu eby’amaanyi n’okuleetawo embeera ez’amaanyi ez’obujjanjabi.

Ebizibu ebisinga okuva mu ddagala ly’okuwuguka bye bino:

• Okweyongera kw’omugejjo.
• Enkyukakyuka mu mubiri, omuli omuwendo gw’amasavu ogutali gwa bulijjo (dyslipidemia) , puleesa (puleesa) , ne ssukaali omungi (hyperglycemia) .
• Okwebaka.
• Akathisia – Okuwulira nga towummudde, nga towummudde, n’okwagala okw’amaanyi okutambula, okukankana oba okutambula.

Bujjanjabi ki obulala obukozesebwa ku bipolar?

Obujjanjabi obulala omusawo wo bw’ayinza okulowoozaako okujjanjaba obulwadde bw’okuwuguka mulimu:

• Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT): Kino kizingiramu okusindika amasannyalaze amampi okuyita mu lususu lwo ku mutwe okutuuka ku bwongo bwo, ekikuleetera okukonziba. Kino kisinga kukozesebwa ku bantu abalina ekiwuubaalo eky’amaanyi. ECT terina bulabe nnyo era ekola bulungi ku kweraliikirira okutaddamu ku ddagala oba okulumwa okw’amaanyi, okutta omuntu. Ye bujjanjabi obusinga ku bulwadde bwa mania bw’oba ​​oli lubuto. ECT ekolebwa mu bulwadde bwa general anesthesia, kale oba weebase mu kiseera kyonna eky’okulongoosebwa era tojja kuwulira bulumi bwonna.
• Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS): Kino kizingiramu okusindika amasannyalaze okuyita mu koyilo empya ey’amasannyalaze okutuuka ku bwongo bwo. Abasawo oluusi kino bakikozesa okujjanjaba ekiwuubaalo ekitakwata ddagala. Ye nkola endala eri ECT. TMS teruma era tekyetaagisa kubudamya.
• Eddagala lya thyroid: Eddagala lino liyinza okukola ng’ery’okutebenkeza embeera y’omuntu. Okunoonyereza kulaga nti zikola bulungi mu kukendeeza ku bubonero mu bakyala abalina obulwadde bw'okuwuguka obuzibu okujjanjaba, "obugaali obw'amangu".
• Obujjanjabi bwa Ketamine: Dozi entono ez’eddagala erisumulula erya ketamine eriweebwa mu misuwa (IV) kiraze nti lirina eddagala eriweweeza ku kweraliikirira ery’ekiseera ekitono n’okwetta mu bantu abalina obuzibu bw’okuwuguka.
• Okujjanjabibwa mu ddwaaliro: Eno nkola ya mangu ey’okulabirira omuntu alina obulwadde bw’okuwuguka. Kyetaagisa omuntu bw’aba mu mbeera y’okwennyamira okw’amaanyi oba okw’okuwuubaala era ng’ali mu bulabe obw’amangu eri ye oba eri abalala.

Enkyukakyuka mu bulamu ziyamba okuwuguka?

Kirabika ttiimu yo ey’abasawo ejja kukuwa amagezi okukyusa mu bulamu bwo okukuyamba okukomya enneeyisa eyongera okuleeta obubonero bwo obw’okuwuguka. Ezimu ku nkyukakyuka zino mu bulamu mulimu:

• Lekera awo okukozesa omwenge, ebiragalalagala ne taaba: Kikulu nnyo okulekera awo okukozesa omwenge n’ebiragalalagala (nga ne taaba mw’otwalidde) kuba bino bisobola okukwatagana n’eddagala ly’omira, okwongera embeera yo ey’okuwuguka, n’okwongera ku bulabe bw’okufuna embeera eno.
• Kuuma diary oba ekipande ky‟embeera y‟omuntu buli lunaku: Okuwandiika ebirowoozo byo ebya buli lunaku, enneewulira zo, n‟enneeyisa zo kiyinza okukuyamba okulaba engeri obujjanjabi bwo gye bukola obulungi n‟okuzuula ebiyinza okukuleetera ebiseera by‟okulwala oba okwennyamira.
• Kuuma enteekateeka y’okwebaka ennungi:Obulwadde bw’okuwuguka buyinza okukosa ennyo engeri gy’osulamu, era enkyukakyuka mu ngeri gy’osulamu eyinza okukuleetera okulwala. Kifuule ekintu ekikulu okuba n’enteekateeka y’okwebaka bulijjo, gamba ng’okwebaka n’okuzuukuka mu kiseera kye kimu buli lunaku.
• Dduyiro: Dduyiro kizuuliddwa nti alongoosa embeera y’omuntu n’obulamu bw’obwongo okutwaliza awamu. N’olwekyo, era kiyinza okuyamba okuddukanya obubonero bw’okuwuguka. Ekizibu ekitera okuva mu ddagala ly’okuwuguka kwe kweyongera okugejja. N’olwekyo, dduyiro era asobola okuyamba okuddukanya omugejjo.
• Okufumiitiriza: Okufumiitiriza kizuuliddwa nti kikola bulungi mu kulongoosa okwennyamira, ekitundu ku bulwadde bw’okuwuguka.
• Dukanya situleesi n‟okukuuma enkolagana ennungi: Situleesi n‟okweraliikirira bisobola okwonoona obubonero mu bantu bangi abalina obuzibu bw‟okuwuguka. Kikulu okuddukanya situleesi yo mu ngeri ennungi n’okumalawo ebikuleetera situleesi bwe kiba kisoboka. Ekitundu ekinene ku kino kwe kukuuma enkolagana ennungi n’emikwano n’ab’omu maka abakuwagira, n’okuleka omukwano ogw’obutwa ogwongera situleesi mu bulamu bwo.

Kiki ekitegeeza obulwadde bw’okuwuguka?

Endowooza y‟obulwadde bw‟okuwuguka etera okuba embi singa tebujjanjabwa bulungi. Kyokka, singa abantu bangi abalina obulwadde bw’okuwuguka basobola okubeera n’obulamu obumatiza era obuvaamu ebibala.

Obulwadde bw’okuwuguka bukendeeza ku bulamu bw’omuntu emyaka nga mwenda. Abantu nga omu ku buli bataano abalina obulwadde bw’okuwuguka yeetuga. Kiteeberezebwa nti abantu nga 60% abalina obuzibu bw’okuwuguka balina omuze gw’okukozesa ebiragalalagala oba omwenge.

Eno y’ensonga lwaki kyetaagisa nnyo abalwadde b’ekizibu ky’okuwuguka okunoonya amagezi g’abasawo n’okwewaayo okujjanjabibwa.

Okukozesa eddagala buli kiseera, obutakyukakyuka kiyinza okuyamba okukendeeza ku biseera by’okutya n’okwennyamira. Bw’oba ​​osobola okuzuula obubonero n’ebivaako ebiseera bino, olina emikisa mingi egy’okufuna obujjanjabi obulungi n’obukodyo bw’okugumira embeera obuyinza okuziyiza okulwala okumala ebbanga eddene, okuweebwa ekitanda mu ddwaaliro, n’okwetta.

Obulwadde bw’okuwuguka busobola okuziyizibwa?

Ebyembi, olw’okuba bannassaayansi tebamanyi kituufu kivaako bulwadde bwa bipolar, tewali ngeri emanyiddwa gye bayinza kubuziyiza.

Naye kikulu nnyo okumanya obubonero bw‟obuzibu bw‟okuwuguka n‟ okunoonya amagezi g‟abasawo nga bukyali (Early Intervention) .

Ddi lw’osaanidde okulaba omusawo ku bipolar?

Bw’oba ​​ozuuliddwa ng’olina obulwadde bw’okuwuguka, ojja kwetaaga okusisinkana ttiimu y’abasawo buli kiseera obulamu bwo bwonna okukakasa nti obujjanjabi bwo bukukolera bulungi. Ttiimu eno eyinza okuli:

• Omusawo wo omukulu ow’ebyobulamu.
• Omusawo w’eby’omutwe.
• Omukugu mu by’empisa oba Therapist.
• Omukugu mu by’obusimu.

Abalwadde ba bipolar balina okugenda ddi mu kitongole ekikola ku bujjanjabi obw’amangu (ETU) ?

Bw’oba ​​olina embeera nga zino, .Kikulu nnyo okukuba amangu ddala 1990 (ekitongole kya ambyulensi eky’amangu ekya Sri Lanka) oba okugenda mu kisenge ky’abalwadde ab’amangu ekikuli okumpi:

• Ebirowoozo ku kufa oba okwetta.
• Ebirowoozo oba enteekateeka ez’okwekolako obulabe oba ku balala.
• Okufuna ebirooto n’okuwubisa.
• Obubonero bw’obutwa bwa lithium/overdose , gamba ng’okuziyira ennyo n’okusiiyibwa, okukankana okw’amaanyi mu ngalo, okutabulwa, n’okukyuka mu kulaba.

N’ekisembayo, jjukira (Obubaka bw’Okutwala Awaka) .

Obulwadde bw’okuwuguka bulwadde bulwadde bwa bulamu bwonna. Naye obujjanjabi obw’ekiseera ekiwanvu, obutasalako, gamba ng’eddagala n’okujjanjaba okwogera, busobola okukuyamba okuddukanya obubonero bwo n’okubeera n’obulamu obulungi era obw’ekigendererwa. Kikulu okusisinkana ttiimu yo ey’ebyobulamu buli kiseera okulondoola enteekateeka yo ey’obujjanjabi n’obubonero bwo. Jjukira nti abasawo bo n’abaagalwa bo baliwo okukuwagira. Totya kusaba buyambi.

` Bipolar, manic depression, mania, okwennyamira, obulamu bw'obwongo, obuzibu mu muudu, obujjanjabi