Obulabe bwo obw’okufuna kookolo w’amabeere buli butya? Ka twogere ku kino (Okukebera obulabe bwa kookolo w'amabeere)!

Oli otya? Leero tugenda kwogera ku mulamwa omukulu ennyo eri abakyala bangi, ate nga gutiisa katono. Ekyo kwe kwekenneenya akabi ka kookolo w’amabeere. Tofaayo, kino tekisobola kukubuulira kikakafu oba olina kookolo oba nedda. Naye kiyinza okukuyamba okutegeera akabi k’olina.

Okukebera obulabe bwa kookolo w’amabeere kye ki?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, eno y’engeri y’okutunuulira emikisa gyo, oba emikisa gyo egy’okufuna kookolo w’amabeere mu bulamu bwo. Ng’ekyokulabirako, mu nsi ezimu, omukyala nga omu ku buli munaana ajja kukwatibwa kookolo w’amabeere mu bulamu bwe. Kale, okwekenneenya kuno kuyinza okukuyamba okufuna endowooza enkakali oba oli mu bo, oba oba akabi ko kali waggulu oba katono okusinga omuntu wa bulijjo.

Ekikulu kiri nti, kino tekigamba nti "ojja kufuna kookolo" oba "tojja kufuna." Kimala kulaga bulabe bw’olina bw’ogeraageranya n’abalala ab’emyaka gyo n’embeera yo. Mu kiseera kino enkola zino zikoleddwa ku bakyala. Tezikozesebwa kupima bulabe bwa kookolo w’amabeere mu basajja.

Enkola zino ez‟okukebera akabi zikola zitya?

Mu kiseera kino waliwo enkola nga amakumi abiri mu nnya ez’engeri eno ez’okukebera akabi. Ebisinga ku bino bifunibwa ng’ebibuuzo ebiri ku mutimbagano. Ebibuuzo bino osobola okubiddamu mu ddakiika ntono nnyo. Okusinziira ku by’oddamu, obubonero bubalibwa okusinziira ku bintu ebikuleetera akabi . Ekintu eky’obulabe kye kintu ekyongera emikisa gyo egy’okufuna obulwadde naddala kookolo w’amabeere mu kiseera kino.

Kale bino ebikulu ebiyinza okuleeta akabi bye biruwa?

Ka tulabe ebintu ki ebiyinza okwongera ku bulabe bwa kookolo w’amabeere.

• Emyaka: Obulabe bw’okufuna kookolo w’amabeere bweyongera mpolampola n’emyaka.
• Ebyafaayo by’amaka ga kookolo w’amabeere: Singa omuntu ow’oku lusegere mu maka (ow’oluganda ow’eddaala erisooka), gamba nga maama wo, mwannyoko oba muwala wo, aba alina kookolo w’amabeere, oba singa ab’omu maka abawerako bamufunye, akabi kwo kaba kasingako.
• Enkyukakyuka mu buzaale: Abantu abamu bayinza okuba n’enkyukakyuka ezimu mu buzaale bwabwe. Okusingira ddala, enkyukakyuka mu buzaale `(BRCA1)` ne `(BRCA2)` zongera nnyo ku bulabe bwa kookolo w'amabeere.
• Amawanga/amawanga: Amawanga agamu gali mu bulabe bwa maanyi. Okugeza, abantu ab’ekika ky’Abayudaaya aba Ashkenazi batera okuba n’enkyukakyuka mu buzaale bwa `(BRCA1)` oba `(BRCA2)`, ekitegeeza nti bali mu bulabe bwa kookolo w’amabeere.
• Obugumu bw’amabeere: Abakyala abamu baba n’ebitundu ebiyitibwa fibrous tissue ne glandular tissue mu mabeere gaabwe, ate nga tebirina masavu matono. Zino ziyitibwa amabeere amanene.Abo abalina bali mu bulabe bwa maanyi okusinga abo abalina amasavu amangi.
• Okulongoosebwa kw’amabeere okwasooka: Bw’oba ​​omaze okukeberebwa amabeere era ebyavaamu biraga okukula kw’obutoffaali mu ngeri etaali ya bulijjo, gamba nga atypical hyperplasia , akabi kwo kali waggulu.
• Okukwatibwa obusimu: Okubeera n’obusimu obuyitibwa estrogen ne progesterone mu mubiri okumala ebbanga eddene kyongera ku bulabe. Kino kiyinza okuba nga kiva ku busimu omubiri gwo bwe gukola mu butonde (obukwatagana n’okugenda mu nsonga), oba kiyinza okuba nga kiva ku ddagala erimu ly’omira. Ng’ekyokulabirako, empeke ezimu eziziyiza okuzaala n’obujjanjabi obukyusa obusimu (HRT) nabyo bisobola okwongera ku bulabe bwo.
• Emyaka mu nsonga: Bw’oba ​​watandika okuvubuka ng’okyali muto nnyo (menarche) , kitegeeza nti omubiri gwo gumaze ebbanga nga gukwatibwa obusimu. Kino nakyo kyongera ku bulabe bwo.
• Emyaka ng’ovudde mu nsonga: Ate era, singa okugenda mu nsonga, oba okuva mu nsonga , kwavaako oluvannyuma lw’okugenda mu nsonga, akabi kwo kweyongera olw’okumala ebbanga eddene ng’okozesa obusimu.
• Ebyafaayo by’okuzaala: Abakyala abatazaalangako bali mu bulabe bwa maanyi okusinga abo abazaala. Kino kiri bwe kityo kubanga zibeera n’ennaku z’ekikyala nnyingi ate nga zibeera mu busimu okumala ebbanga eddene. Ate era, bw’oba ​​ozadde omwana naddala ng’ozadde omwana wo eyasooka nga tannaweza myaka 35 , emikisa gyo egy’okufuna kookolo w’amabeere mitono. Gy’okoma okuzaala abaana abangi, akabi gye kakoma okubeera akatono eri buli mwana.

Naye jjukira nti ebintu bino byonna eby’akabi si bikulu kyenkanyi. Okugeza, wadde ng’akabi keyongera katono n’emyaka, omuntu alina enkyukakyuka mu buzaale bwa ``(BRCA1)`` asobola okuba n’obulabe obw’okulwala kookolo w’amabeere ebitundu 60%. N’ekimu ku bintu bino kiyinza okukuteeka mu kiti ky’obulabe obw’amaanyi .

Enkola ez’enjawulo ez’okukebera akabi zitunuulira ensonga zino mu ngeri ey’enjawulo era ne ziziwa obuzito obw’enjawulo. Ka tulabe ezimu ku nkola ezisinga okukozesebwa.

Biki ebisinga okukozesebwa mu kwekenneenya akabi?

Wadde nga waliwo enkola ez’enjawulo, tugenda kwogera ku ntono ezikulu.

1. Omuze gwa Gail (Omulembe gwa Gail - BCRAT) .

Eno y’enkola esinga okwettanirwa. Kye kimu ku bikeberebwa ekitongole kya National Cancer Institute (National Cancer Institute). Era kiyitibwa (BCRAT) . Yasooka kutongozebwa mu 1989. Etunuulira obulabe bw’okufuna kookolo w’amabeere ayingirira mu myaka etaano egijja n’okutuuka ku myaka 90. Kisobola okukolebwa mu ddakiika nga ttaano.

Ebibuuzo ebibuuziddwa wano bye bino:

• emyaka gyo.
• Amawanga go/ekika kyo.
• Ebyafaayo by’okuzaala abaana.
• Okukeberebwa kw’amabeere okwasooka.
• Emyaka ng’atandika okugenda mu nsonga.
• Ebyafaayo by’amaka ebya kookolo w’amabeere.

Singa akabi ko ak'emyaka etaano kali 1.67% oba okusingawo, otwalibwa nga "akabi ak'amaanyi." Omusawo ayinza okukuwa eddagala nga tamoxifen ne raloxifene okuyamba okukendeeza ku bulabe bwa kookolo. Naye enkola eno tekola ku buli muntu. Bw’oba ​​obaddeko kookolo w’amabeere emabegako, oba bw’oba ​​okimanyi nti olina enkyukakyuka mu buzaale ekyongera ku bulabe, enkola eno teyesigika nnyo.

2. Omuze gwa IBIS (IBIS - Omuze gwa Tyrer-Cuzik) .

Enkola eno etunuulira emikisa gy’okukwatibwa kookolo mu myaka 10 egijja oba mu bulamu bwonna.

Ebintu by’owulira mu kino:

• Emyaka, eggwanga/ekika.
• Obuzito bw’amabeere.
• Ebyafaayo by’okuzaala abaana.
• Omuwendo gw’obuzito bw’omubiri (BMI).
• Okukeberebwa kw’amabeere okwasooka.
• Ebyafaayo bya kookolo w’enkwaso.
• Ebyafaayo by’amaka ebya kookolo w’amabeere.
• Emyaka okugenda mu nsonga kwe kwatandikira n’okukoma.
• Okukozesa eddagala erikyusa obusimu (HRT).
• Okumanya oba waliwo enkyukakyuka mu ggiini `(BRCA1)` oba `(BRCA2)`.

Okufaananako n’enkola ya Gale, kino tekikola ku bantu abaali bafunye kookolo w’amabeere emabegako. Okusinziira ku bivudde mu kunoonyereza kuno, omusawo asobola okusalawo emirundi gy’osaanidde okwekebejjebwa amabeere oba oba olina okwekebejjebwa obuzaale bwa BRCA.

3. BCSC Risk Calculator (Ekibiina ekivunaanyizibwa ku kulondoola kookolo w’amabeere ekya Risk Calculator) .

Kino kitunuulira obulabe bw’okufuna kookolo w’amabeere ayingirira mu myaka etaano egijja oba kookolo w’amabeere agenda mu bitundu ebirala mu myaka mukaaga egijja. Kookolo wa `Metastatic` ye kookolo atandikira mu mabeere n'asaasaana mu bitundu by'omubiri ebirala.

Ebibuuzo ebibuuziddwa wano bifaanagana n’ebyo eby’emabega. Emyaka, eggwanga, density y’amabeere, omuwendo gw’abaana, BMI, ebyava mu biopsy emabegako, ebyafaayo bya kookolo (omuntu n’amaka), emyaka nga ovudde mu nsonga, okukozesa HRT, n’ebirala Ebivuddemu bino bisobola okukuyamba okusalawo emirundi gy’osaanidde okwekebejjebwa amabeere.

4. Ekitongole kya BRCAPRO

Enkola eno okusinga etunuulira obulabe nti olina enkyukakyuka y’obuzaale eya `(BRCA1)` oba `(BRCA2)`.

Kino kijja kubuuza ebibuuzo ku byafaayo by’amaka go ebya kookolo w’amabeere oba ow’enkwaso. Kino kitegeeza nti:

• Emyaka gyabwe nga kookolo azuuliddwa.
• Emyaka gyabwe gye balina kati (oba emyaka gyabwe nga bafudde).
• Amawanga/ekika (naddala ensibuko y’Abayudaaya aba Ashkenazi).
• Ebivudde mu kukebera obuzaale ebikwatagana ne kookolo (nga `(BRCA1, BRCA2)`).
• Oba obadde olongooseddwa okwekuusa ku kookolo (`(mastectomy)` - okuggyawo amabeere, `(oophorectomy)` - okuggyamu enkwaso).

Ebivudde mu kunoonyereza kuno bisobola okukulaga oba kirungi okukeberebwa obuzaale.

5. BOADICEA (Ekikozesebwa kya CanRisk) .

Kino, okufaananako BRCAPRO, kyesigamiziddwa ku byafaayo by’amaka n’amawulire agakwata ku buzaale. Etunuulira obulabe bwa kookolo w’amabeere nga kw’otadde ne kookolo w’enkwaso. Waliwo ekintu ekikozesebwa ku yintaneeti ekiyitibwa CanRisk. Era ebuuza ku myaka, BMI, obungi bw’amabeere, okuzaala, okukozesa empeke eziziyiza okuzaala, emyaka ng’agenda mu nsonga, ebyafaayo bya kookolo w’amaka, n’okumanya enkyukakyuka mu buzaale. Kino era kiyamba okuzuula oba okukebera obuzaale kyetaagisa n’enteekateeka y’okukebera gy’erina okuba.

6. BWHS Breast Cancer Risk Calculator (Okunoonyereza ku bulamu bw’abakyala abaddugavu Breast cancer risk Calculator)

Kino kikoleddwa nnyo eri abakyala abaddugavu, kubanga eggwanga n’amawanga bintu bikulu mu kuzuula obulabe bwa kookolo w’amabeere. Kikulu okulowooza ku ngeri eggwanga lyo/eggwanga lyo gye likwata ku bubonero bwo obw’akabi ng’ozuula akabi ko. Nga bwe kyayogeddwako emabegako, kino era kibuuza ku bintu ng’emyaka, BMI, okuzaala, ebyafaayo by’okukebera ebitundu by’omubiri, empeke eziziyiza okuzaala, emyaka egy’okugenda mu nsonga, ebyafaayo by’amaka, n’okumanya oba oggyiddwamu enkwaso.

Omusawo akozesa atya ebivuddemu bino?

Kya bulijjo okuwulira ng'otya n'okweraliikirira singa okola okwekenneenya ku yintaneeti nga kuno n'olaba nti oli "akabi ak'amaanyi." Naye tosalawo nga osinziira ku bivuddemu ebyo. Kino ky’osaanidde okuteesaako n’omusawo wo. Ebivudde mu kunoonyereza kuno bijja kuyamba omusawo okuteekateeka engeri y’okulondoola obulamu bw’amabeere go, okuzuula obubonero nga bukyali, n’okutandika okujjanjabibwa.

Okusinziira ku bivuddemu, omusawo ayinza okukola bino wammanga:

• Oyinza okusabibwa okwekebejjebwa kookolo w’amabeere (e.g., mammograms) nga bukyali era emirundi mingi okusinga bulijjo.
• Okubuulirira ku buzaale kuyinza okukuyamba okuzuula oba olina enkyukakyuka mu buzaale ekyongera obulabe bw’okufuna kookolo. Bw’oba ​​okimanyi dda nti olina, kiyinza okukuyamba okutegeera engeri gye kiyinza okukosaamu obulamu bwo n’amaka go (okugeza, omukisa gw’omwana okusikira obuzaale).
• Eddagala nga tamoxifen ne raloxifene liyinza okuwandiikibwa okukendeeza ku bulabe bwa kookolo w’amabeere.
• Singa obulabe buba bungi nnyo, kiyinza okulagirwa okusala amabeere mu ngeri ey’okuziyiza (okuggyawo ebbeere nga kookolo tannafuna). Kino kiyinza okukendeeza ennyo ku bulabe bw’okukwatibwa kookolo.

Ebipimo bino eby’akabi byesigika bitya?

Obwesigwa bw’enkola zino ez’okukebera businziira ku data sets ezikozesebwa okuzitonda. Enkola zino zikung’aanya amawulire okuva mu bantu abafunye kookolo ne zigeraageranya ensonga zaabwe ez’obulabe n’ebintu eby’obulabe eri omuntu akola okwekenneenya. Naye, ebikwata ku bungi bw’abantu tebiyinza kuba bituufu 100% mu kuteebereza obulamu bw’omuntu yenna. Ne bwe kiba nti ensonga z’akabi nnyingi zifaanagana, tewali bantu babiri bafaanagana ddala.

Bino bye bimu ku biyinza okukoma:

• Enjawulo mu data okusinziira ku ggwanga/amawanga:Okusinziira ku bikwata ku bungi bw’abantu ebikozesebwa okukola okubalirira, ebivaamu biyinza obutaba bikwatagana nnyo gy’oli. Okugeza, ebikwata ku kookolo w’amabeere mu byafaayo bibadde bikunganyizibwa nnyo okuva mu bazungu abatali ba Hispanic. Wadde nga kati data ekuŋŋaanyizibwa ku mawanga amalala, si okubalirira kwonna nti kukwata enjawulo zino kyenkanyi.
• Okukozesebwa ku bika bya kookolo ebitonotono: Ebigezo ebisinga bitunuulira obulabe bwa kookolo ow’amaanyi era asaasaana mu bantu abatannafuna kookolo. Teboogera mboozi ya bantu abaakwatibwa edda kookolo.
• Ensonga z’akabi ezitali ntuufu: Tewali nkola emu ey’okukebera etunuulira ensonga zonna ez’obulabe eri ebika byonna ebya kookolo w’amabeere. Enkola ezisinga ez’okukebera eziriwo kati zitunuulira oba ensonga z’akabi ez’obuzaale oba ensonga ez’akabi ezikwata ku byafaayo by’obulamu bwo. N’olwekyo omusawo ayinza okukuwa amagezi okuba n’enkola eziwerako ez’okukebera okusobola okufuna ekifaananyi ekijjuvu.

Wabula enkola zino ez’okukebera obulabe bwa kookolo w’amabeere abasawo bakyazikozesa kubanga nnungi nnyo okusobola okuwa okubalirira okutuufu ku bulabe bw’omuntu. Abanoonyereza banoonya engeri gye bayinza okwongera okulongoosa mu bulungibwansi bwazo.

N’ekisembayo, ebintu by’olina okujjukira

Okay, kale nsuubira nti ofunye ebirowoozo okuva mu bye twogeddeko.

Okukebera akabi ka kookolo w’amabeere tekuyinza kukubuulira na bukakafu oba ojja kufuna kookolo. Kyokka, kiyinza okuyamba omusawo wo okutegeera ensonga eziyinza okwongera ku bulabe.

Okukebera kookolo w’amabeere kikulu eri buli muntu. Okukebera akabi kye kimu ku bikozesebwa ebirala omusawo by’ayinza okukozesa okulondoola obulamu bw’amabeere go. Okukebera kuno kuyinza okukusindika mu kukeberebwa kw’obuzaale okuzuula obuzaale bwa BRCA. Oyinza okwetaaga okwekebeza emirundi mingi. Mu nkomerero, bino byonna biyamba omusawo wo okukwata kookolo nga bukyali, ng’ate asobola okuwona. N’olwekyo totya kwogera n’omusawo wo ku nsonga eno, era okole emitendera egyetaagisa.

` Kookolo w’amabeere, akabi ka kookolo, obulamu bw’abakyala, okukebera obuzaale, okukebera amabeere, obusimu, Okukebera akabi ka kookolo w’amabeere