"Simanyi oba nfuna obulwadde bwa sukaali..." Wali ofunyeeko okutya oba ekibuuzo kino? Kya bulijjo okuwulira bw’otyo ng’owulira ebintu ng’okufulumya omusulo ennyo, ennyonta esukkiridde, n’okugejja awatali nsonga. Naye totya. Nga tonnatandika kuteebereza bulwadde mu birowoozo byo olw’okuba omuntu alina ky’ayogera, ka twogere ku ngeri y’okukakasaamu embeera ya sukaali mu by’obujjanjabi. Kino kijja kukuwa okutegeera okutegeerekeka obulungi.
Biki ebikulu ebikozesebwa okuzuula obulwadde bwa sukaali?
Mu ngeri ennyangu, ssukaali mbeera nga ssukaali (glucose) mu musaayi gwaffe asinga ku gwa bulijjo. Kale, okukebera omusaayi okuwerako kukolebwa okukebera oba olina kino oba nedda. Oluusi omusawo wo ayinza obutamatira na kukeberebwa kumu kwokka era ayinza okwagala okukola okukebera okulala okukakasa. Ka tulabe ebigezo bino kye biruwa.
1. Okukebera Glucose mu Plasma Glucose (FPG) mu kisiibo
Kino kye kigezo ekisinga okukolebwa. Nga erinnya bwe liraga, kino kyetaagisa okusiiba waakiri essaawa 8 nga tonnaba kuwa musaayi. Si kibi okunywa amazzi amatono. Okukebera kuno kutera kukolebwa oluvannyuma lw’okulya ekyeggulo n’enkeera ku makya. Ebivaamu byangu nnyo okutaputa.
2. Okukebera okugumira glucose mu kamwa (OGTT) .
Okukebera kuno kusingako katono ku FPG, ekitegeeza nti kusobola okuzuula ne prediabetes. Naye kitwala ekiseera ekiwanvuko katono okuyimba.
Kino kye kibaawo:
- Okusooka, osiiba waakiri essaawa 8 n’oluvannyuma n’owaayo omusaayi (nga bwe kiri ku FPG).
- Olwo, ojja kuweebwa amazzi ag’enjawulo nga galimu gram 75 eza glucose ezitabuddwa mu mazzi okunywa.
- Nga wayise essaawa 2 zennyini ng’oginywedde, omusaayi omulala guggyibwa.
Okusalawo kuno kukolebwa nga batunuulira ssukaali ali mu musaayi guno ebbiri. Okukebera kuno kwe kumu okwa OGTT era kukozesebwa okuzuula obulwadde bwa sukaali mu lubuto. Kyokka, kizingiramu okumira omusaayi emirundi egiwerako mu ssaawa eziwerako.
3. Okukebera Glucose mu Plasma mu ngeri ey’ekifuulannenge
Okukebera kuno si nsonga oba osiiba oba olya. Omusaayi guggyibwako essaawa yonna mu lunaku okukebera ssukaali mu musaayi gwo. Wabula okukebera kuno kwokka tekukakasa ssukaali. Singa omuntu alina obubonero obweyoleka obwa ssukaali (nga okufuka ennyo, ennyonta esukkiridde) aba ssukaali mu musaayi mungi nnyo ku kukeberebwa kuno, omusawo ajja kulagira okukeberebwa FPG oba OGTT okukakasa nti azuuliddwa.
4. Okukeberebwa kwa wakati okw’emyezi 3 (Hemoglobin A1c - HbA1c) .
Kino kigezo kikulu nnyo. Tepima ssukaali mu musaayi gwo omulundi gumu. Kye kigero ky’engeri ssukaali wo gy’abadde afugibwamu mu myezi 2-3 egiyise.Kino ky’ofuna. Kino tekikwetaagisa kusiiba. Osobola okukikola essaawa yonna ey’olunaku. Kino kya mugaso nnyo mu kuzuula obulwadde bwa sukaali, wamu n’okulondoola okufuga omuntu alina edda ssukaali.
Ekisinga obukulu si kwesigama ku bivudde mu kukeberebwa kuno kwokka, wabula okwogera n’omusawo wo ku nsonga eno n’ogoberera amagezi ge.
Otegeera otya ebyava mu kukeberebwa?
Okay, kati ka tulabe emiwendo gy'ebigezo bino kye gitegeeza. Osobola okwefumiitiriza ku bubwo ng’otunuulira emmeeza zino.
| Okuzuula obulwadde bwa sukaali ne prediabetes | |
|---|---|
| Erinnya ly’okugezesebwa | Ebivuddemu (mg/dL oba %) . |
| Omutendera omulamu (ogwa bulijjo). | |
| HbA1c | Ebitundu ebitakka wansi wa 5.7% |
| Glucose mu plasma mu kisiibo (FPG) . | Ebitakka wansi wa 100 mg/dL |
| Okukebera okugumira glucose mu kamwa (OGTT) - Oluvannyuma lw’essaawa 2 | Ebitakka wansi wa 140 mg/dL |
| Prediabetes - ekintu eky'obulabe | |
| HbA1c | Wakati wa 5.7% ne 6.4% |
| Glucose mu plasma mu kisiibo (FPG) . | Wakati wa 100 mg/dL ne 125 mg/dL |
| Okukebera okugumira glucose mu kamwa (OGTT) - Oluvannyuma lw’essaawa 2 | Wakati wa 140 mg/dL ne 199 mg/dL |
| Azuuliddwa nti alina Ssukaali* | |
| HbA1c | 6.5% oba okusingawo |
| Glucose mu plasma mu kisiibo (FPG) . | 126 mg/dL oba okusingawo |
| Okukebera okugumira glucose mu kamwa (OGTT) - Oluvannyuma lw’essaawa 2 | 200 mg/dL oba okusingawo |
| Random Plasma Glucose + Obubonero Obulaga Obubonero | 200 mg/dL oba okusingawo |
*Weetegereze: Ebiseera ebisinga, singa omuwendo omunene gusangibwa mu kukebera okumu, omusawo ajja kugukakasa ng’akola okukebera okulala ku lunaku olulala.
Omanya otya oba ono bulwadde bwa Sukaali obwa Type 1?
Abantu abasinga balina obulwadde bwa sukaali obw’ekika kya 2. Naye abantu abamu naddala abavubuka n’abaana basobola okufuna obulwadde bwa sukaali obw’ekika kya 1. Ebivaako ebika bino ebibiri n’obujjanjabi bwa njawulo. Kale, oluvannyuma lw’okuzuulibwa nti olina ssukaali, bw’oba oteebereza nti olina ssukaali ow’ekika kya 1, omusawo ayinza okulagira okukeberebwa okw’enjawulo.
- Autoantibody Test: Mu ssukaali ow’ekika kya 1, abaserikale b’omubiri gwaffe bennyini balumba obutoffaali mu pancreas obukola insulini. Okukebera kuno kunoonya antibodies (`autoantibodies`) mu musaayi ezilumba kino.
- C-peptide Test: Kino kipima insulini mmeka olubuto lwaffe lwe lukola. Mu `Type 1`, okukola insulini kutono nnyo oba kukoma ddala.
- Okukebera Ketones mu Musulo:Insulin bw’ebula, omubiri tegusobola kukozesa ssukaali okufuna amaanyi. Olwo omubiri ne gwokya amasavu okufuna amaanyi. Mu nkola eno, asidi eziyitibwa `Ketones` zikolebwa. Okukebera bino mu musulo kiyinza okuyamba okuzuula `Type 1 Diabetes`.
Obubaka Obutwala Awaka
- Ssukaali si bulwadde bwa kutya na kulowoozebwako. Waliwo okukeberebwa kw’abasawo okutegeerekeka obulungi okuyinza okukikakasa mu ngeri enkakafu.
- `Prediabetes` kabonero akalaga okulabula. Singa okola enkyukakyuka mu bulamu bwo (endya, dduyiro) mu kiseera kino, osobola okuziyiza oba okulwawo okukula kw’obulwadde bwa sukaali obujjuvu.
- Bw’oba olina obubonero bwa sukaali, tobubuusa maaso era mazima ddala olabe omusawo.
- Tofaayo singa okugezesebwa okumu kulaga omuwendo ogusingako katono. Omusawo wo ajja kulagira okukeberebwa okulala okukikakasa.
- Bw’ozuulibwa nti olina obulwadde bwa sukaali, si y’enkomerero y’obulamu bwo. Guno mukisa okulowooza ku bulamu bwo mu ngeri empya n’okubuddukanya obulungi. Bw’ogoberera amagezi amatuufu ag’abasawo, osobola okubeera n’obulamu obulungi.
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