Kookolo w’olubuto olukulu ow’obuzaale: Omanyi ku HNPCC?

Wali owuliddeko nti omuntu omu, mpozzi babiri oba basatu, mu maka go bafunye kookolo w’olubuto olunene? Oba otya katono kubanga olina ebyafaayo by’amaka ga kookolo? Mu butuufu, ebika bya kookolo ebimu bisobola okusiigibwa okuva ku mulembe okudda ku mulala. Leero tugenda kwogera ku kika kya kookolo w’olubuto eky’enjawulo ayisibwa okuyita mu buzaale bwaffe. Kino tukiyita HNPCC.

HNPCC kye ki?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, HNPCC (Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer) kika kya kookolo w’olubuto olunene ekiva ku nkyukakyuka ezimu (enkyukakyuka) mu buzaale obuyisibwa okuyita mu milembe. Ono kookolo abeera mu kyenda kyaffe ekinene (colon).

Kale kino kye kimu ne Lynch Syndrome?

Oboolyawo owulidde Lynch Syndrome emirundi mingi okusinga HNPCC. Ebibiri bino bikwatagana nnyo, naye si bye bimu ddala. Kilowoozeeko bw’otyo. Lynch Syndrome bulwadde bwa buzaale mu mibiri gyaffe. Embeera y’obuzaale eyongera ku bulabe bwa kookolo.

HNPCC lye linnya eriweebwa embeera omuntu alina obulwadde bwa Lynch Syndrome mw’afuna kookolo w’olubuto olunene oba kookolo endala ezikwatagana nayo (nga kookolo wa nnabaana oba ekyenda ekitono), naddala nga tannaweza myaka 50. Kookolo wa HNPCC asinga kubeera ku ludda olwa ddyo olw’ekyenda ekinene.

HNPCC ya bulijjo etya? Obubonero bwe buliwa?

HNPCC ekola wakati wa 2% ne 4% ku kookolo yenna ow’olubuto n’omumwa gwa nnabaana aloopebwa mu nsi yonna. Wadde embeera eno esobola okubaawo ku myaka gyonna, esinga kuzuulibwa mu bantu abali wansi w’emyaka 50.

HNPCC eyinza obutaba na bubonero bwonna obw’enjawulo mu ntandikwa, naye kookolo bw’agenda akula, obubonero buno buyinza okulabika.

Lwaki HNPCC ekulaakulana? Kisiigibwa?

Ensonga enkulu lwaki tukola kino y’obuzaale bwaffe. Lowooza ku mubiri gwaffe ng’ekizimbe ekizimbibwa okusinziira ku pulaani ennene. Ekitabo ekirimu enteekateeka eyo ye DNA yaffe. Ebiragiro ebiri mu kino tubiyita obuzaale bwa DNA.

Abantu abalina obulwadde bwa Lynch Syndrome balina ekikyamu mu buzaale obuwerako obw’enjawulo (`MLH1`, `MSH2`, `MSH6`, `PMS2` ne `EPCAM`) obuddaabiriza ensobi mu DNA. Obuzaale buno bwe butakola bulungi, ensobi mu DNA (`DNA replication errors`) ezibeerawo ng’obutoffaali bwaffe bwawuddwamu tezitereezebwa. Ekiseera bwe kigenda kiyitawo, ensobi zino zikuŋŋaanyizibwa era akatoffaali aka bulijjo kafuuka katono okufuuka akatoffaali ka kookolo.

Ekikulu nti HNPCC si bulwadde busiigibwa. Ekyo kitegeeza nti tebusaasaana kuva ku muntu omu okudda ku mulala ng’omusujja. Kyokka obuzaale obukyamu obubuleeta busobola okusiigibwa okuva ku mulembe okudda ku mulala. Ekyo kitegeeza nti singa omuzadde omu alina obulwadde bwa Lynch Syndrome, omwana alina emikisa gya 50% okusikira obuzaale obwo. Singa basikira obuzaale obwo, omwana oyo alina emikisa mingi egy’okufuna kookolo wa HNPCC oba kookolo omulala akwatagana nabyo mu biseera eby’omu maaso.

Kino omusawo akizuula atya?

Bw’oba ​​olina obubonero obwogeddwako waggulu naddala ng’omuntu mu maka go abadde alina kookolo w’olubuto olunene, olina okulaba omusawo.

Omusawo ajja kusooka kukukebera. Oluvannyuma, singa kiteeberezebwa nti kookolo w’olubuto olunene, okukeberebwa okusinga okukolebwa kwe kukebera ekyenda ekinene . Kino kizingiramu okuyingiza ekyuma ekigonvu okuyita mu nseke n’okukozesa kkamera okwekenneenya munda mu kyenda ekinene.

Okukakasa okuzuula obulwadde bwa HNPCC, omusawo era ajja kunoonya bino wammanga:

• Ebyafaayo bya kookolo w’amaka:Mazima ddala ojja kubuuzibwa oba waliwo omuntu yenna mu maka go ag’oku lusegere, gamba nga maama wo, taata wo oba baganda bo, eyafuna kookolo w’olubuto olunene oba kookolo omulala eyeekuusa ku Lynch Syndrome nga tannaweza myaka 50.
• Okukebera obuzaale: Kirungi okukebera omusaayi mu ngeri ey’enjawulo okuzuula oba olina enkyukakyuka mu buzaale ezireeta HNPCC.
• Okugaana embeera endala: Okufaananako HNPCC, waliwo embeera endala eya kookolo w’olubuto olubuto ey’obuzaale eyitibwa FAP (Familial Adenomatous Polyposis) . Olw’okuba waliwo enjawulo wakati w’ebintu bino byombi, n’okukeberebwa kujja kukolebwa okukakasa nti olina HNPCC so si FAP.

Njawulo ki eriwo wakati wa HNPCC ne FAP?

Wadde nga zombi mbeera za kookolo w’olubuto olunene ezisikira, obuzaale obumuleeta bwa njawulo. Enjawulo enkulu eriwo gwe muwendo gwa polyps ezikula mu kyenda ekinene.

Bujjanjabi ki obuweebwa HNPCC?

Obujjanjabi obusinga ku HNPCC kwe kulongoosa (colectomy) . Kino kizingiramu okulongoosa okuggyamu ekitundu oba kyonna eky’ekyenda ekinene kookolo w’ali. Kino kiyinza okukolebwa mu ngeri ezitali zimu.

• Partial colectomy: Okuggyawo ekitundu ky’ekyenda ekinene kyokka kookolo w’ali.
• Total colectomy: Okuggyawo ekyenda ekinene kyonna.
• Protectectomy: Okuggyawo ekyenda ekinene n’omumwa gwa nnabaana.

Singa kookolo asaasaana (metastasized) mu bitundu by’omubiri ebirala, omusawo ayinza okukuwa amagezi ku bujjanjabi obulala ng’oggyeeko okulongoosebwa.

• Chemotherapy: Bujjanjabi bw’eddagala erisaanyaawo obutoffaali bwa kookolo.
• Obujjanjabi bw’abaserikale b’omubiri: Okusitula abaserikale b’omubiri gwaffe okulwanyisa obutoffaali bwa kookolo.

Emirundi mingi, obujjanjabi bw’abaserikale b’omubiri busobola okukola obulungi ennyo ku kookolo wa HNPCC.

Omuntu alina HNPCC ebiseera by’omu maaso bye biruwa?

Obulwadde bwa Lynch Syndrome bulwadde bwa buzaale obutawona. Embeera y’obulamu bwonna. Wabula okulongoosa kuyinza okuwonya kookolo wa HNPCC n’okuziyiza kookolo w’olubuto olukulu mu biseera eby’omu maaso.

Omuntu alina HNPCC ali mu bulabe bw’okufuna ebika bya kookolo ebirala ng’oggyeeko kookolo w’olubuto olunene. Eno y’ensonga lwaki omusawo ajja kukugamba okwekebejjebwa buli kiseera.

• Kookolo w’omu lubuto
• Kookolo w’enkwaso
• Kookolo w’olubuto
• Kookolo w’ekibumba, obwongo, ekibumba n’olususu

Ku kigero, abantu nga 60% abazuuliddwa nga balina HNPCC bawangaala okumala emyaka 5. Era wakati wa 70% ne 88% ku bantu abalina kookolo w’ekyenda olw’obulwadde bwa Lynch Syndrome bawangaala okumala emyaka egisukka mu 10. Ebibalo bino biraga engeri okuzuula amangu n’okujjanjaba gye biri ekikulu.

Kiki ekiyinza okukolebwa okwewala n’okuddukanya akabi kano?

Tewali ngeri yonna gye tuyinza kuziyiza nkyukakyuka mu buzaale ereeta kino. Kintu kye tusikira. Wabula waliwo ebintu bingi by’osobola okukola okutangira kookolo oba okumuzuula nga bukyali.

• Beera mumanyi ebyafaayo by’amaka go: Singa omuntu mu maka go alina obulwadde bwa Lynch Syndrome oba HNPCC, yogerako n’omusawo wo ku nsonga eno era obuuze oba naawe weetaaga okukeberebwa obuzaale.
• Tandika okwekebejjebwa nga bukyali: Bw’ozuulibwa nti olina obulwadde bwa Lynch Syndrome, omusawo ajja kukugamba nti otandike okwekebejjebwa kookolo w’olubuto olunene (colonoscopy) ng’oli mu myaka gyo egy’obukulu 20.
• Obulamu obulungi: Ebintu bino biyamba nnyo mu kukendeeza ku bulabe bwa kookolo:
• Weewale ddala okunywa sigala.
• Kkomya ku kunywa omwenge.
• Lya emmere ennungi erimu enva endiirwa n’ebibala.
• Dduyiro buli kiseera.
• Kuuma omugejjo gw’omubiri nga mulamu.
• Weegendereze obubonero: Bw’ofuna obubonero bwonna obupya, tobubuusa maaso era olabe omusawo mu bwangu.