Abasajja nabo basobola okufuna kookolo w’amabeere? (Male Breast Cancer) Ka twogere ku nsonga eno!

Bwe tulowooza ku kookolo w’amabeere, tulowooza ku bakazi, nedda? Abantu bangi balowooza nti buno bulwadde bukwata bakazi bokka. Naye obadde okimanyi nti abasajja nabo basobola okufuna kookolo w’amabeere (Male Breast Cancer). Kituufu, tekitera kubaawo katono. Ku balwadde ba kookolo w’amabeere nga omu yekka yekka. Naye, tetusobola kukibuusa maaso olw’okuba nti tekitera kubaawo. Bw'osanga ekizimba oba ekizimba mu kifuba, tomala gagoba nti "Oh, kino tekituuka ku basajja." Kikulu nnyo okulaga omusawo ekizimba kyonna ekiteeberezebwa n’okukikebera.

Kookolo w'amabeere g'abasajja kye ki?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, kookolo w’amabeere g’omusajja y’abeera ng’obutoffaali obuli mu bitundu by’amabeere mu kifuba kyo butandika okukula mu ngeri etaali ya bulijjo era nga tebufugibwa. Abasajja nabo balina ebitundu by’amabeere, okufaananako n’abakazi, naye nga bitono. Mu kitundu kino kookolo mw’asobola okukula.

Kikulu nnyo okumanya embeera eno mu Sri Lanka nayo. Kubanga, oluusi olw'okuswala oba endowooza enkyamu nti "kookolo w'amabeere wa ngeri ki eri abasajja?", abantu bangi balwawo okulaba omusawo ne bwe baba n'obubonero. Kino kyongera emikisa gy’obulwadde okweyongera.

Bika ki ebya kookolo w’amabeere g’abasajja?

Kookolo ono atandikira mu bitundu by’amabeere mu kifuba kyo. Amabeere g’abasajja okufaananako n’ag’abakazi, galina obusimu obutono obukola amata (lobules) n’obutuli obutono (ducts) obutambuza amata (bwe bubaawo) okutuuka ku nfuli. Kyokka mu basajja, zino teziba nnene, kubanga tezeetaaga kuyonsa. Kale, ebiseera ebisinga, kookolo ono atandikira mu mifulejje. Waliwo engeri bbiri enkulu:

• Ductal Carcinoma: Kookolo ow’ekika kino akola ku bantu nga 9 ku buli 10 abakwatibwa kookolo w’amabeere g’abasajja. Mu kika kino, kookolo atandikira mu mifulejje egitambuza amata n’alyoka asaasaana mu bitundu by’amabeere ebirala. Ekika kino kirimu ebika bibiri:
• Invasive Ductal Carcinoma: Kino kye kika ekisinga okubeerawo. Kookolo ono atandikira mu mifulejje n’asaasaana mu bitundu by’amabeere ebibyetoolodde.
• Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS): Kino tekitera kubaawo katono. Wano kookolo abeera munda mu mifulejje era tasaasaanye bweru waago.

• Lobular Carcinoma: Kino kika kya kookolo atandikira mu nseke ezikola amata (lobules). Invasive Lobular Carcinoma kitegeeza nti esaasaanidde mu bitundu ebigyetoolodde. Wabula ekika kino tekitera kubaawo nnyo mu basajja, kubanga abasajja balina ebitundu ebitono ennyo oba tebirina.

Ekikulu, obutoffaali bwa kookolo oluusi buba n’ebikwata eby’enjawulo ebiringa ‘antennae’. Obusimu obumu bwe bukwatagana ne antenna zino, obutoffaali bwa kookolo butandika okwawukana ne bukula mangu. Kilowoozeeko ng’ekisumuluzo ekinoonya kkufulu. Mu mbeera ezisinga eza kookolo w’amabeere g’abasajja, .Waliwo ebirungo ebikwatagana n’obusimu obuyitibwa estrogen ne progesterone. Ekika kya kookolo w’emisuwa ekisinga okubeera mu basajja ye estrogen receptor-positive (ER+).

Bubonero ki obulaga kookolo w’amabeere g’abasajja?

Ebiseera ebisinga akabonero akasooka kabeera kizimba ekikaluba mu bbeere ekitaliimu bulumi, ekitera okuba wansi w’enfuli . Obubonero obulala buyinza okuli:

• Ekizimba mu nnyindo.
• Olususu ku kifuba lukaluba, nga lulinga ekikuta ky’emicungwa, era lulinga ebinnya.
• Olususu ku kifuba oba enfuli lufuuka olumyufu ne lufuumuuka.
• Okuwulira obulumi oba okunyiga mu kifuba oba mu nnyindo.
• Amazzi amatangaavu oba ekintu ekiringa omusaayi oguva mu nfuli, oba enfuli ekyusiddwa.

Bw'olaba ekintu nga kino, tomala galowooza nti, "Kino kyakagwawo." Laba omusawo mu bwangu.

Biki ebivaako kookolo w’amabeere g’abasajja?

Mu butuufu, kookolo w’amabeere ava ku nkyukakyuka mu DNA oba enkyukakyuka mu butoffaali bw’amabeere. Obutoffaali buno obukyusiddwa butandika okwawukana amangu era nga tebufugibwa, nga tebufa. Oluvannyuma obutoffaali buno obwa kookolo bwegatta ne bukola ebizimba. Oluusi, ebitundu by’ebizimba bino bisobola okukutuka ne bisaasaana mu bitundu by’omubiri ebirala nga biyita mu nkola y’amazzi oba omusaayi. Kino bwe kibaawo, ayitibwa kookolo agenda mu bitundu ebirala.

Bannasayansi bakyanoonyereza lwaki obutoffaali obulamu bufuuka obutoffaali bwa kookolo.

Ensonga ezireeta akabi

Ensonga ezimu ziyinza okwongera ku bulabe bw’okufuna kookolo w’amabeere. Ka tulabe kiki kye bali:

• Emyaka: Obulabe bw’okufuna obulwadde buno bweyongera katono ng’ogenda okaddiwa. Kookolo w’amabeere g’abasajja asinga kuzuulibwa mu bantu abasukka mu myaka 60. Ekyo tekitegeeza nti tasangibwa mu bato, wabula akabi keyongera n’emyaka.
• Ebyafaayo by’amaka ebizaalibwa: Singa maama wo, taata wo, muganda wo, mwannyoko, oba omwana wo aba alina kookolo w’amabeere oba kookolo w’enkwaso, oba mu bulabe obw’amaanyi. Kino kiri bwe kityo kubanga kookolo omu asobola okuyisibwa okuyita mu buzaale.
• Obuzaale: Enkyukakyuka ezimu mu buzaale zongera obulabe bwa kookolo w’amabeere. Ebisinga okumanyibwa ku bino ye BRCA1 n’okusingira ddala BRCA2. Okugatta ku ekyo, enkyukakyuka mu buzaale bwa PTEN mu bulwadde bwa Cowden, obuzaale bwa TP53 mu bulwadde bwa Li-Fraumeni, n’obuzaale bwa MMR mu bulwadde bwa Lynch nabyo bisobola okwongera ku bulabe.
• Okwongera mu busimu bwa estrogen:Embeera ezimu ez’obujjanjabi, gamba ng’okuzimba ekibumba, omugejjo oba embeera y’obuzaale eyitibwa Klinefelter syndrome, esobola okwongera ku muwendo gwa estrogen mu mubiri. Okunywa omwenge ekisusse nakyo kiyinza okuvaako.
• Ensonga z’ensigo: Oli mu bulabe bwa maanyi singa oba olongooseddwa emu ku nsigo zo (orchiectomy), singa oba ofunye obuvune bwonna ku nsigo zo, oba ng’olina embeera nga orchitis, oba ng’olina ensigo ezitakka.
• Obujjanjabi bw’amasannyalaze: Bw’oba ​​wali ofunye obujjanjabi obw’amasannyalaze okutuuka mu kitundu ky’ekifuba, emikisa gyo egy’okufuna kookolo w’amabeere giyinza okweyongera.

Oyinza otya okukendeeza ku bulabe?

Bw’oba ​​olowooza nti oyinza okuba n’enkyukakyuka mu buzaale eyongera ku bulabe bw’okufuna kookolo, kirungi okwekebeza obuzaale. Singa omuntu mu maka go abadde ne kookolo w’amabeere oba ow’enkwaso, ekyo kabonero akalaga nti oyinza okuba n’enkyukakyuka mu buzaale bwa BRCA2. Enkyukakyuka eno ey’obuzaale tesobola kuleeta kookolo wa mabeere yekka, wabula ne kookolo w’olususu (melanoma), kookolo w’olubuto, ne kookolo w’enseke.

Omusawo asobola okukuyamba okusalawo oba okukebera obuzaale kikusaanira.

Abasawo kino bakizuula batya?

Bw’olaba omusawo, ajja kukubuuza ku bubonero bwo n’ebiyinza okukuleetera obulabe. Olwo bajja kukola ebigezo ebiwerako okuzuula oba olina kookolo w’amabeere g’abasajja:

• Okukebera amabeere: Omusawo ajja kuwulira ebitundu by’amabeere go era akebere oba waliwo enkyukakyuka yonna ku lususu, ebizimba oba ebirala ebitali bya bulijjo.
• Okukebera ebifaananyi: Okukebera amabeere kusobola okuzuula kookolo w’amabeere asinga obungi mu basajja. Kino kitwala X-ray y’amabeere. Oluusi kuyinza okukolebwa ultrasound nga tebannaba kukebera mabeere oba oluvannyuma lw’okukeberebwa okumanya ebisingawo ku kizimba ekyo.
• Biopsy: Eno y’engeri esinga okukakasa nti . Omusawo aggya akatundu akatono akayitibwa tissue okuva mu kizimba oba ekifo ekiteeberezebwa n’akasindika mu laabu okutunula mu microscope okuzuula obutoffaali bwa kookolo.

Mu laabu, abakugu mu by’endwadde bakebera sampuli y’ebitundu by’omubiri okulaba oba erimu obutoffaali bwa kookolo, era oba erina obusimu obukwata obusimu obwogeddwako emabegako, era oba erina HER2 receptor (puloteyina eyamba kookolo okukula). Amawulire gano gajja kuyamba nnyo omusawo wo mu kutegeka obujjanjabi bwo.

Emitendera gya kookolo w’amabeere g’omusajja

Kookolo bw'anaamala okukakasibwa, abasawo bajja kusalawo `omutendera` gwe. Kino kitegeeza okutunuulira obunene n’ekifo ekizimba we kiri okulaba we kibunye n’engeri gye kiri eky’amaanyi. Mu kiseera kino, oyinza n'okuba n'okugezesebwa okulala okwa `okukuba ebifaananyi`, awamu n'okukeberebwa kwa `sentinel node biopsy`. Kino kizingiramu okuggyawo ennywanto emu oba eziwera okumpi n’ekizimba okukebera obutoffaali bwa kookolo.

Emitendera emikulu egya kookolo w’amabeere g’abasajja gye gino:

• Omutendera 0: Obutoffaali bwa kookolo buli munda mu mifulejje gy’amabeere gyokka. Kino era kiyitibwa Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.
• Omutendera I: Ekizimba kitono era tekisaasaanye mu nnywanto.
• Omutendera II: Ekizimba kinene katono okusinga omutendera I. Kiyinza okuba nga kyasaasaana mu bitundu by’omubiri ebiwerako eby’omu kifuba.
• Omutendera III: Kookolo asaasaanidde mu nnywanto eziwerako, ekizimba kiyinza okuba ekinene, ate obutoffaali bwa kookolo buyinza okuba nga bwasaasaana mu bbugwe w’ekifuba oba olususu.
• Omutendera IV: Obutoffaali bwa kookolo busaasaanidde mu bitundu by’omubiri eby’ewala. Mu kookolo w’amabeere g’abasajja, ebifo ebisinga okusaasaana bye magumba, amawuggwe, n’ekibumba .

Kookolo w’amabeere g’abasajja ajjanjabibwa atya?

Obujjanjabi bw’ofuna bujja kusinziira ku bintu bingi omuli ekika kya kookolo n’ewala gy’asaasaanye (omutendera). Oyinza okwetaaga okukola obujjanjabi obuwerako mu lunyiriri. Omusawo wo ajja kukunnyonnyola kino mu bujjuvu.

Okuloongoosa

Obujjanjabi obusinga okukozesebwa ku kookolo w’amabeere ow’abasajja atandise kwe kulongoosa. Ebiseera ebisinga, ebbeere lyonna liggyibwamu. Kino kiyitibwa okusala amabeere . Oluusi, nakyo kikolebwa n’okuggyamu ekizimba kyokka, naye ku basajja, okusala amabeere kwe kusinga.

Oluusi ``radical mastectomy`` ekolebwa. Mu kino, ebitundu by’amabeere byonna, ennywanto z’amazzi mu nnyindo, n’ekitundu ky’ekinywa ky’ekifuba biggyibwamu. Naye kati ekisinga okumanyibwa ye ``modified radical mastectomy.`` Mu kino, ebitundu by'ebinywa tebiggyibwamu, era n'obusimu obutono obuyitibwa lymph nodes nabwo buggyibwamu.

Obujjanjabi bw’amasannyalaze (radiation therapy).

Obujjanjabi bw’amasannyalaze ku kookolo w’amabeere bukozesa emisinde gya X-ray oba ebika ebirala eby’amaanyi amangi okusaanyaawo obutoffaali bwa kookolo. Obujjanjabi buno butera kuweebwa oluvannyuma lw’okuggyibwako olubuto okutta obutoffaali bwa kookolo bwonna obusigaddewo. Oluusi, obujjanjabi bw’amasannyalaze busobola okutta obutoffaali bwa kookolo obutono obutasobola kuggyibwawo kulongoosebwa era nga buli kumpi n’ekisenge ky’ekifuba oba olususu. Kino kiyinza okuyamba okutangira ebizimba okuddamu okukula.

Obujjanjabi bw’eddagala

Chemotherapy kwe kukozesa eddagala ery’enjawulo okutta obutoffaali bwa kookolo mu mubiri gwonna. Ku bizimba ebiri mu kitundu (ebitali bya bulabe), osobola okuweebwa eddagala eriweweeza ku bulwadde nga tonnalongoosebwa okukendeeza ku kizimba. Oba, eddagala eriweweeza ku bulwadde buno busobola okuweebwa oluvannyuma lw’okulongoosebwa n’obujjanjabi obw’amasannyalaze okukendeeza ku bulabe bw’ekizimba okuddamu oba kookolo okusaasaana mu bitundu by’omubiri ebirala. Obujjanjabi buno tebuweebwa mu kiseera kye kimu, wabula bumu oluvannyuma lw’omulala.

Obujjanjabi bw’obusimu

Singa obutoffaali bwa kookolo bukozesa obusimu nga estrogen okukula, abasawo bakozesa obujjanjabi bw’obusimu okukendeeza ku estrogen oba okuziyiza ebikolwa byayo. Tamoxifen ddagala eritera okukozesebwa okujjanjaba kookolo w’amabeere g’abasajja. Ate era, eddagala eriyitibwa aromatase inhibitors, bwe ligattibwa wamu n’eddagala eriyitibwa gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, liyinza okukomya okukula kw’obutoffaali bwa kookolo obuva ku busimu.

Obujjanjabi obugendereddwamu

Enzijanjaba ezigendereddwamu zikola nga ziyingirira enkola ezenjawulo eziyamba obutoffaali bwa kookolo okukula. Obujjanjabi buno bukola ku bika bya butoffaali bwa kookolo ebitongole byokka. Okugeza, obujjanjabi obumu bukola ku kookolo w’amabeere yekka alina obusimu obukwata obusimu. Waliwo n’obujjanjabi, gamba nga PARP inhibitors, ku butoffaali bwa kookolo obulina enkyukakyuka mu buzaale bwa BRCA.

Ddi lwe nnina okulaba omusawo?

Bw’oba ​​olina ekizimba ekitategeerekese mu bbeere ekitaggwaawo oluvannyuma lwa wiiki bbiri, kakasa nti ogenda ew’omusawo. Ekirala, goberera ebiragiro by’omusawo ku mirundi gy’osaanidde okwekebejjebwa kookolo.

Kiki ekibaawo singa mba nnina kookolo w’amabeere g’omusajja? (Okuteebereza)

Ekika kya kookolo n’omutendera gw’aliko bikosa nnyo enkola y’obulwadde bwo, kwe kugamba, okuteebereza. Singa kizuulibwa nga bukyali, omuwendo gw’okuwona guba waggulu nnyo.

Okunoonyereza okwakakolebwa kwazuula nti omuwendo gw’okufa kw’abasajja abalina kookolo w’amabeere (hormone-responsive - `HR+` type) okusinziira ku mutendera gwa kookolo gwali: Mu myaka 20 nga bazuuliddwa:

• Omutendera I: 12.4% baafa kookolo w’amabeere.
• Omutendera II: 26.2% baafa kookolo w’amabeere.
• Omutendera III: 46% baali bafudde kookolo w’amabeere.

Ebyembi abasajja bangi balwawo okulaba omusawo. N’ekyavaamu, we bazuulibwa nti kookolo ono amaze okukulaakulana ennyo, ekizibuwalira okujjanjaba.

Y’ensonga lwaki tugamba nti, bw’olaba ekizimba kyonna ekitali kya bulijjo mu bbeere lyo, laba omusawo amangu ago. Abasajja bangi tebalowooza nti balina kookolo w’amabeere. N’olwekyo bayinza obutamanya bubonero. Naye abasajja bafuna kookolo w’amabeere.Okuzuula amangu n’okujjanjaba kiyinza okutaasa obulamu bwo. Singa omuntu mu maka go abadde alina kookolo w’amabeere, yogerako n’omusawo wo ku ngeri y’okuzuulamu kookolo nga bukyali.

N’ekisembayo, ebintu by’olina okujjukira (Obubaka bw’okutwala awaka) .

Okay, kale ka tufunze ebimu ku bintu by'olina okujjukira okuva mu bye twogeddeko:

• Abasajja nabo basobola okufuna kookolo w’amabeere. Wadde nga tekitera kubaawo, tokibuusa maaso.
• Ekizimba ekitali bulumi mu bbeere naddala wansi w’enfuli kiyinza okuba akabonero akakulu. Era noonya ebizimba mu nnyindo, enkyukakyuka mu lususu, n’amazzi agafuluma mu nfuli.
• Obulabe buba bungi singa omuntu mu maka go alina ebyafaayo bya kookolo w’amabeere, bw’oba ​​ng’olina emyaka egisukka mu 60, oba ng’olina embeera z’obuzaale ezimu (BRCA).
• Bw’oba ​​olina ky’obuusabuusa, tokwatibwa nsonyi olabe omusawo awatali kulwa. Okukebera nga mammogram ne biopsy kusobola okukakasa obulwadde buno.
• Singa okwatibwa nga bukyali, emikisa gy’okuwona giba mingi nnyo! Waliwo obujjanjabi obw’enjawulo, gamba ng’okulongoosa, obujjanjabi obw’amasannyalaze, obujjanjabi bw’eddagala, n’obujjanjabi obw’obusimu.

Kino okukimanya kiyinza okuleeta enjawulo nnene mu bulamu bwo n’obulamu bw’abasajja abalala b’omanyi. Sigala nga oli mulamu bulungi!

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