Era oyagala okumanya ddala Mast Cells kye ki? Ka twogere ku nsonga eno mu ngeri ennyangu!

Oyinza okuba nga tonnawulirangako linnya lya ‘Mast Cells’, nedda? Naye bino kika kya butoffaali kikulu nnyo ekikuuma omubiri gwaffe. Ng’abakuumi abatonotono munda mu mibiri gyaffe. Kyokka oluusi abakuumi bano bwe basusse okucamuka katono, tufuna obuzibu. Leero, ka twogere mu bujjuvu, mu ngeri ennyangu ennyo, ku mast cells zino kye ziri, engeri gye zikola mu mibiri gyaffe, n’embeera ki ze ziyinza okuleeta.

Mast Cells kye ki?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells bajaasi ba njawulo mu baserikale baffe ab’omubiri . Zikolebwa mu busimu bwaffe obw'amagumba . Olwo zitambula mu musaayi gwaffe ne zisenga mu bitundu eby’enjawulo mu mubiri gwonna. Okufaananako n’abakuumi abasimbiddwa mu bitundu by’eggwanga eby’enjawulo, obutoffaali buno obuyitibwa mast cells busimbiddwa mu bitundu by’omubiri gwaffe eby’enjawulo, nga bwetegefu okutukuuma okuva ku bitiisa eby’ebweru. Zisobola okulwanyisa yinfekisoni ez’enjawulo ne ziyamba okutereeza enkola y’ebitundu by’omubiri gwaffe.

Kyokka oluusi obutoffaali buno obuyitibwa mast cells bufuuka obukuuma obusukkiridde ne butandika okukola ku bintu mu butuufu ebitali bya bulabe gye tuli. Bw’oba ​​olina alergy eya sizoni oba asima eya allergy, emu ku nsonga lwaki kino kivaako olw’obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cell bukola. Mu mbeera ezimu ez’amaanyi, okukola kw’obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cell activation kuyinza n’okuleeta alergy ey’amangu era ey’amaanyi eyitibwa anaphylaxis . Kale kikulu okukimanya ku kino.

Obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells bukola ki ku mibiri gyaffe?

Obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells bukola nga ‘alert system’ y’omubiri gwaffe . Zikuuma emibiri gyaffe okuva ku balumbaganyi ab’ebweru, gamba ng’obuwuka obuleeta endwadde nga akawuka, obuwuka n’ebiwuka , wamu n’obutwa ng’obutwa bw’omusota n’obutwa bw’enjuki. Era balwanyisa ekintu kyonna kye balowooza nti kya bulabe, ne bwe kiba nga si bwe kiri. Wano we tufuna alergy .

Obutafaananako bika birala bingi eby’obutoffaali obweru, obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells tebusaanyaawo butereevu buwuka obuleeta endwadde. Mu kifo ky’ekyo, zituula nga zikuuma munda mu bitundu byaffe, nga zirinze akabonero akalaga nti waliwo ekintu eky’obulabe ekiyingidde mu mubiri.

Obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells bukola butya?

Kuba akafaananyi ng’ekintu ky’otayagala, okugeza, akatundu k’enfuufu, obukuta oba emmere gy’olina alergy, kiyingira mu mubiri gwo. Ekika ky’obutoffaali ekirala eky’enjawulo mu baserikale baffe abaziyiza endwadde, ekiyitibwa B cells, kitegeera omulumbaganyi ono. Bwe bamala okukitegeera, batandika okukola obutoffaali obw’enjawulo, obuyitibwa antibodies, okukirwanyisa. Obuziyiza obw’enjawulo obukolebwa mu kiseera kino buyitibwa Immunoglobulin E (IgE).Nga bagamba.

Obuziyiza buno obwa IgE butambula mangu ne bukwatagana n’ebikwata ebitongole ku ngulu w’obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells, ng’engalo y’embwa. Omulundi oguddako omulumbaganyi y’omu (e.g. obukuta, enfuufu) bw’anaddamu okujja mu mubiri, IgE eri ku butoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells ejja kugikwata.

Wano obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells bwe "bukola." Kiringa alamu y’omuliro ekubwa.

Obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells bwe bukola mu ngeri eno, bufulumya mangu eddagala eriyitibwa histamine n’eddagala eddala lingi eriterekeddwa mu nsawo entonotono (storage granules) munda mu butoffaali obwo. Kino kiyitibwa degranulation .

Ebirungo bino ebiyitibwa histamines n’eddagala eddala bye bivaako obubonero bwa alergy. Mu bino mulimu:

• Emisuwa gyaffe gigaziwa, era amazzi ne gakuŋŋaanyizibwa mu bitundu ebitwetoolodde, ne kivaako okuzimba . Kino kisobozesa obutoffaali bw’abaserikale b’omubiri okudduka amangu mu kifo we bufunye obulwadde, ne butwala ebirungo ebiyingira mu nnywanto okubisaanyaawo.
• Okukola omusulo (omusulo) kweyongera.
• Ebinywa ebiseeneekerevu mu nkola yaffe ey’okussa n’ekyenda (ekyenda) bikonziba ne bigezaako okusika ebintu eby’obulabe ebweru nga bitambula ng’amayengo (peristalsis).

Ebintu bino bisobola okuleetera olususu lwo okumyuuka, okuzimba n’okusiiyibwa. Oyinza okuba ng’okulukuta ennyindo, okusesema oba okusesema. Oluusi oyinza n’okufuna ekiddukano oba okusesema. Mu mbeera ez’amaanyi ennyo, enkola eno eyinza okuvaako emikutu gy’empewo okuzimba, ne kizibuwalira okussa, n’okuleeta puleesa okukka mu ngeri ey’akabi, ekiyinza n’okuviirako obulwadde bw’okusannyalala obw’amaanyi, embeera eyinza okutta omuntu.

Obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells ne homeostasis

Ng’oggyeeko okuleeta alergy, obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells buyamba okutebenkeza enkola ez’enjawulo mu mubiri gwaffe, kwe kugamba, okukuuma embeera ya ‘homeostasis’ . Wano waliwo ebyokulabirako ebitonotono:

• Okukula kw’emisuwa.
• Okukula kw’amagumba.
• Okukula n’okuddaabiriza obutoffaali bw’enkola y’okussa.

Obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells busangibwa wa mu mubiri gwaffe?

Bw’ogeraageranya n’ebika by’obutoffaali obweru ebirala, obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells butono nnyo mu musaayi gwaffe. Ebiseera ebisinga, tufuna ekintu eky’obulabe nga tukissa, nga tukirya, oba nga tuyita mu kiwundu ku lususu. Eno y’ensonga lwaki obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells businga kusangibwa mu:

• Mu nkola yaffe ey'okussa n'amawuggwe .
• Enkola yaffe ey’okugaaya emmere (GI tract) (olubuto, ebyenda).

Okugatta ku ekyo, obutoffaali buno obuyitibwa mast cells nabwo bubeera okwetoloola emisuwa gyaffe n’obusimu bwaffe.

Ebitundu ki eby’obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cell?

Bw'okwata mast cell, erina nucleus mu makkati, nga ye "bwongo" bw'obutoffaali. Okwetooloola ekitundu kino waliwo ebikumi n’ebikumi by’ebintu ebitonotono ebiringa ensawo ebiyitibwa obutundutundu .Munda mu butundutundu buno mwe muterekebwa ababaka (abatabaganya) ab’eddagala ab’enjawulo. Ababaka bano be baweereza obubonero eri omubiri okuddamu ng’ekintu eky’obulabe kigukwatako. Ebimu ku bikulu mu ddagala lino bye bino:

• Histamine: Kino twakyogeddeko emabegako. Kigaziya emisuwa, ne kisobozesa amazzi n’obutoffaali bw’abaserikale b’omubiri okuyingira mu bitundu by’omubiri. Era kiziyiza emikutu gy’empewo n’omu lubuto, ne kivaamu omusulo okuyamba okufulumya obuwuka obuleeta endwadde.
• Ebirungo ebizimba omubiri: (Eby’okulabirako: tryptase, chymase, carboxypeptidase A). Proteases kika kya enzyme emenyaamenya puloteyina. Ziyamba okumenya ebitundu ebiyunga, ekisobozesa obutoffaali bw’abaserikale b’omubiri okwangu okutuuka mu kitundu ekyo.
• Cytokines/chemokines: Zino obutoffaali obutono obulaga obutoffaali obulala obuziyiza endwadde okukola kkopi nnyingi ku bwazo, okufuula emisuwa "okukwatagana" obutoffaali bw'abaserikale ne busobola okutambuzibwa mu bitundu by'omubiri, n'okuwandiika obutoffaali okuyonja n'okuddaabiriza ebitundu ebyonooneddwa.
• Heparin: Kino kiziyiza omusaayi okuzimba, kale kiyamba okukuuma emisuwa nga miggule.

Ebikwata ku butoffaali obuyitibwa mast cell

Obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells bulina ebitundu bingi eby’enjawulo ebikwata ku ngulu kwabyo. Zino puloteyina ezikoleddwa mu ngeri ey’enjawulo. Nga ekisumuluzo bwe kituuka ku kkufulu, ebikwata bino bikwatagana ne puloteyina endala eziraga obubonero okukola obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells.

Ku bino, ekirungo kya IgE kye twayogeddeko emabegako, kye kisinga okumanyika. Okugatta ku ekyo, obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells era bulina ebikwata ku bika ebirala eby’obuziyiza (e.g., Immunoglobulin G / IgG) n’okutegeera obutereevu obuwuka obuleeta endwadde (e.g., Toll-like receptors).

Embeera ki ezisinga okukwatagana n’obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells?

Ezimu ku mbeera eza bulijjo ze tulaba nga zeekuusa ku butoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells ze zino:

• Alergy y’obutonde (e.g., enfuufu, obukuta, ebiwuka by’ebisolo by’omu nnyumba) .
• Obulwadde bwa asima
• Alergy y’emmere
• Ebizimba by’ebbugumu/ Ebizimba

Endwadde z’obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cell ezitatera kubaawo

Okugatta ku ekyo, waliwo embeera eziwerako ezitatera kubaawo ezikwatagana n’obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells:

• Mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS): Eno mbeera nga, awatali nsonga etegeerekeka, obubonero bwa alergy oba anaphylaxis bubaawo enfunda eziwera.
• Oluusi wabaawo okweyongera okuyitiridde mu muwendo gw’obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells mu mubiri (Mastocytosis).
• Alpha-tryptasemia ey’obuzaale / hypertryptasemia ey’amaka:Eno mbeera ya buzaale ebaawo ng’omubiri gulina enziyiza eyitibwa tryptase, ekolebwa obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells obw’amaanyi. Kyokka abantu bangi abalina embeera eno ey’obuzaale tebafuna bubonero.

Bubonero ki obutera okulabika ku bulwadde bw’obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cell?

Histamine efulumizibwa mu bulwadde bwa mast cell esobola okuleeta obubonero nga:

• Olususu okukyuka langi, okumyuuka oba okusiiwa.
• Okuzimba (okuzimba) .
• Okukaluubirirwa okussa.
• Obulwadde bw'okusannyalala obuddirira .

Bikebere ki ebikolebwa okuzuula embeera zino?

Singa omusawo ateebereza nti olina obuzibu bw’obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cell disorder, ayinza okukola ebigezo nga bino okulaba oba obutoffaali bwo obw’omu lubuto bukola:

• Okukebera omusulo.
• Okukebera omusaayi.
• Okukebera obusigo bw’amagumba.
• Okukebera olususu.

Omusawo asobola okukola okukebera olususu lwa alergy oba okukebera omusaayi okuzuula ebivaako alergy. Oluusi laabu era esobola okukola okukebera obuzaale okulaba oba obubonero bwo buva ku mbeera ey’obuzaale.

Bujjanjabi ki obukolebwa ku kino?

Obujjanjabi bw’obulwadde bwa mast cell businziira ku bubonero bwo n’ekibuleeta. Obujjanjabi buyinza okuli:

• Okwewala ebimanyiddwa ebivaako alergy .
• Eddagala erifuga obubonero. Bino biyinza okuli eddagala eriweweeza ku histamine , erikendeeza asidi, n’eddagala erikyusa leukotriene (e.g., montelukast).
• Ebintu ebinyweza obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cell. Eddagala lino liremesa okufulumya eddagala nga histamine okuva mu butoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells.
• Eddagala okukendeeza oba okujjanjaba obulwadde bw’okusannyalala. Mu bino mulimu eddagala nga epinephrine ne omalizumab .
• Obujjanjabi obukendeeza ku buwuka obuyitibwa Cytoreductive therapy/chemotherapy . Ku misango egy’amaanyi egy’obulwadde bwa mastocytosis, eddagala ly’eddagala eritera okukozesebwa okutta obutoffaali bwa kookolo oluusi likozesebwa.

Kale, obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells birungi oba bubi?

Abantu abasinga bawulira ku mast cells nga waliwo ekikyamu, n’olwekyo oyinza okulowooza nti mast cells kintu kibi. Naye mu butuufu, ziyamba okukuuma emibiri gyaffe okuva ku balumbaganyi ab’obulabe n’okutereeza ebitundu byaffe. Kale, ebiseera ebisinga, baba balungi.

Teebereza, ssirensi zivuga. Ttiimu y’ebyokwerinda etuuse mu kifo kino. Obutoffaali bwo obuyitibwa mast cells bukuba alamu, era abaserikale b’omubiri bo badduka okutaasa olunaku. Zino kitundu kikulu nnyo mu nkola y’omubiri gwaffe ey’okwekuuma. Naye tutera okusinga okufaayo ku mast cells nga zisusse okujjumbira katono ku mulimu gwazo. Naye era zinyweza obuziyiza bwaffe era ziyamba okutereeza emisuwa n’ebitundu by’omubiri byaffe. Kale, omulundi oguddako bw’osesema, ng’ennyindo ekulukuta, oba ng’owulira ng’osiiwa katono, tewerabira okwebaza obutoffaali bwo obuyitibwa mast cells olw’okubeera obulindaala!

Ebintu by’olina okujjukira mu bufunze

Kale, ekisinga obukulu okujjukira okuva mu bino byonna kiri nti obutoffaali obuyitibwa mast cells bukulu nnyo obutonotono obutunula mu baserikale baffe abaserikale b’omubiri. Zitukuuma endwadde ez’enjawulo n’obutwa obuva ebweru. Naye, oluusi bwe zifuuka ezisukkiridde okuwulikika katono, zisobola okukola ku bintu ebitali bya bulabe mu butuufu, ne zituleetera embeera nga alergy.

Bw’oba ​​otera okufuna obubonero bwa alergy, gamba ng’olususu okusiiwa, ebizimba, ennyindo okukulukuta, okusesema oba okukaluubirirwa okussa, ekisinga obulungi kwe kulaba omusawo n’ofuna amagezi nga tobuusa maaso. Tofaayo, waliwo obujjanjabi obuliwo leero obuyinza okuyamba okufuga embeera zino nnyingi.

` Mast cells, abaserikale b’omubiri, alergy, histamine, anaphylaxis, enkola y’obutoffaali, obubonero