Kiba kizimba mu kamwa? Kino kiyinza okuba kookolo w’endwadde z’amalusu? Ka tuzuule ebisingawo!

Wali owuliddeko ekizimba munda mu kamwa, ku ttama oba mu bulago? Kya bulijjo okuwulira ng’otya katono ng’ekyo kituuse, nedda? Naye ebizimba byonna si nti kookolo ow’akabi. Kyokka oluusi bino biyinza okuva ku buzibu ku nnywanto zaffe ez’amalusu, kwe kugamba, endwadde ezikola amalusu. Leero, ka twogere ku kookolo ono ow’amalusu mu bujjuvu, nga bwe twogera ne mukwano gwo.

Kookolo w’endwadde z’amalusu kye ki?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, kookolo w’endwadde z’amalusu kookolo akula mu nnywanto zaffe ez’amalusu, endwadde ezikola amalusu. Omanyi endwadde zino ez’amalusu zisangibwa munda mu kamwa kaffe n’emimiro. Zivaamu amalusu. Amalusu gano ge gatuyamba okutandika okugaaya emmere gye tulya.

Kati, waliwo ebika by’ebizimba bibiri ebikolebwa mu nnywanto zino ez’amalusu.

• Ebizimba ebitali bya bulabe: Bino si bya kookolo, naye oluusi bisobola okuleeta obuzibu.
• Ebizimba ebibi: Bino bye tuyita kookolo.

Ebika by’ebizimba byombi bisobola okukula mu nseke zaffe zonna ez’amalusu.

Kookolo ono atera kubaawo atya?

Mu butuufu, kookolo w’ennywanto z’amalusu tatera nnyo . Kikola ebitundu nga 1% ku kookolo yenna ow’omutwe n’ensingo. Ebika ebibiri ebisinga okubeerawo ye Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma ne Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma. Ebika bino ebibiri byonna awamu bikola nga kitundu kya kookolo yenna ow’ennywanto z’amalusu.

Ani asinga okulwala kookolo w’amalusu?

Kino kiyinza okutuuka ku muntu yenna. Wabula kizuuliddwa nti abasajja batera okufuna ebizimba bino ebya kookolo. Okugatta ku ekyo, oyinza okuba mu bulabe obw’amaanyi olw’embeera eno olw’ensonga zino wammanga:

• Bw’oba ​​olina emyaka egisukka mu 55.
• Bw’oba ​​onywa sigala oba omwenge buli kiseera, bino bye bintu ebivaako endwadde nnyingi.
• Bw’oba ​​nga wali ofunye obujjanjabi obw’amasannyalaze (radiation therapy) ku mutwe oba mu bulago.
• Emirimu egimu egy’enjawulo , gamba ng’abakola ppipa, kkampuni ezikola emipiira, ebirombe bya asibesito, oba okukola ebintu eby’amaliba, kigambibwa nti giri mu bulabe obusingako katono.

Okunoonyereza okumu kulaga nti ebika bya kookolo by’amalusu ebimu ebitali bimu bisinga kubeera mu bantu abalina obulwadde obumu obw’akawuka, gamba nga akawuka ka Epstein-Barr ne Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Wabula kino tekitegeeza nti akawuka kano ke kaleeta kookolo . Akakwate kano kakyanoonyezebwa.

Kiki ekivaako kookolo w’ennywanto z’amalusu?

Mu butuufu, ekituufu ekivaako kookolo w’ennywanto z’amalusu ezisinga obungi tekinnamanyika.Ebizimba bino bisobola okutondebwa mu nseke zonna ezifulumya amalusu mu kamwa kaffe. Wabula zisinga kukolebwa mu nnywanto z’amalusu enkulu essatu. Bbo bali:

• Parotid glands: Zino zisangibwa munda mu matama gaffe.
• Endwadde eziyitibwa submandibular glands: Zino zisangibwa wansi w’eggumba ly’akawanga erya wansi.
• Endwadde eziri wansi w’olulimi: Zino zibeera wansi w’olulimi, wansi w’akamwa.

Ebiseera ebisinga, ebizimba byombi ebya kookolo n’ebitali bya kookolo bitandikira mu nnywanto z’omubiri (parotid glands).

Kookolo ono era asobola okukula mu nseke entonotono ezifulumya amalusu, nga zino nnywanto entonotono ezisangibwa mu kamwa kaffe, mu lulimi, munda mu mimwa gyaffe, munda mu matama gaffe, munda mu nnyindo zaffe, munda mu nnyindo, ne mu nnyindo zaffe. Ebizimba mu nseke zino entono tebitera nnyo, naye bwe bikula, ebisinga biyinza okuba nga bya kookolo.

Ekikulu, singa kookolo ono teyajjanjabwa, asobola okukutuka n’asaasaana (okusaasaana) mu bitundu by’omubiri ebirala, oba okuyita mu musaayi oba mu nkola y’amazzi. Bwe zimala okukikola, ziyinza okuba enzibu okuzijjanjaba. Kookolo w’amalusu atera okusaasaana mu mawuggwe, amagumba n’ekibumba.

Bubonero ki obulaga kookolo w’ennywanto z’amalusu?

Ekyewuunyisa, abantu abamu abalina kookolo w’amalusu tebafuna bubonero bwonna . Wabula akabonero akakulu akatera okulabibwa kwe kukula kw’ekizimba ekitaliimu bulumi mu nseke z’amalusu.

Kyokka bw’oba ​​olina ekizimba ekibi, oyinza n’okufuna obubonero obulala, gamba nga:

• Okuwulira ng’ozibye oba obunafu mu maaso, mu bulago, mu bbwa oba mu kamwa.
• Obulumi obutasalako mu maaso, mu bulago, mu bbwa oba mu kamwa.
• Okukaluubirirwa okuggulawo akamwa mu bujjuvu, oba obutasobola kutambuza bulungi binywa bya maaso.
• Okukaluubirirwa okumira.
• Okuvaamu omusaayi mu kamwa.

Bw’oba ​​olina ekintu nga kino, mazima ddala wandibadde olaba omusawo.

Kookolo w’amalusu azuulibwa atya?

Bw’ogenda okulaba omusawo ajja kusooka kukukebera. Ajja kukubuuza ku byafaayo byo eby’obujjanjabi, oba waliwo omuntu yenna mu maka go eyafuna kookolo, n’ebirala Olwo ajja kukwata ku nnywanto z’amalusu n’akebera oba waliwo ebizimba. Era ajja kukebera enkola y’obusimu mu maaso go. Era ajja kukubuuza ku bubonero bwo.

Oluvannyuma lw’ekyo, oyinza okusabibwa okuddamu okukeberebwa okukakasa oba ekizimba kiriwo oba nedda era oba kirimu kookolo. Bino bye bino:

• CT scan: Kino kikozesa X-ray okukuba ebifaananyi by’ebizimba ebiri mu nseke z’amalusu. Kiringa ekifaananyi kya 3D eky’omunda mu mubiri. Era kiyinza okulaga obunene bw’ekizimba n’okumanya oba kisaasaanye mu bitundu by’omubiri ebirala, gamba ng’amawuggwe oba amagumba.
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Kino kikozesa magineeti n’amayengo ga leediyo okukola ebifaananyi ebitegeerekeka obulungi eby’omunda mu mubiri. Okufaananako ne CT scan, kino nakyo kisobola okulaga obunene bw’ekizimba. MRI nnungi nnyo naddala okulaba oba kookolo asaasaanidde mu bitundu ebigonvu ng’ebinywa, emisuwa n’obusimu.
• `PET scan (Positron Emission Tomography): Kino kizingiramu okukuba empiso entonotono mu mubiri okulaba oba kookolo asaasaanidde mu nnywanto oba ebitundu by’omubiri ebirala. Oluusi `PET scan` ne `CT scan` bisobola okukolebwa mu kiseera kye kimu (`PET-CT`).
• Biopsy: Kino kizingiramu okuggya akatundu akatono ak’omubiri n’amazzi okuva mu kizimba mu nseke z’amalusu. Olwo omukugu mu by’endwadde akebera sampuli mu laabu okulaba oba waliwo obutoffaali bwa kookolo. Sampuli eno esobola okutwalibwa ng’okozesa enkola ya fine-needle aspiration oba core needle biopsy.

Jjukira nti engeri yokka ey’okuzuulamu ddala oba ekizimba ky’ennywanto y’amalusu kirimu kookolo oba nedda kwe kukebera ebitundu by’omubiri.

Omutendera gwa kookolo ono guzuulibwa gutya?

Oluvannyuma lwa kookolo wo okuzuulibwa, omusawo wo ajja kusalawo omutendera gwe, oba `omutendera.` Kino kiyinza okuwa amawulire mangi ku kookolo. Era kiyinza okuyamba okuzuula ekika ky’obujjanjabi obwetaagisa.

Omutendera gw’ebizimba ebikula mu nseke zaffe ennene ez’amalusu (`Parotid`, `Submandibular`, `Sublingual`) gusalibwawo nga tukozesa enkola eyitibwa `TLM system`:

• T (Tumor): Enkula n’ekifo ekizimba we kiri.
• L (Lymph nodes): Oba kookolo asaasaanidde mu nnywanto.
• M (Metastasis): Oba kookolo asaasaanidde mu bitundu ebirala (metastasized).

Wabula omutendera gwa kookolo ogukula mu nnywanto entonotono ez’amalusu gusalibwawo mu ngeri ey’enjawulo.

Kikulu okutegeera omutendera gwa kookolo wo. Kiyinza okukuyamba okutegeera obujjanjabi bw’olina n’ebinaavaamu. Kale, kakasa nti obuuza omusawo wo ku nsonga eno.

Bujjanjabi ki obwa kookolo w’amalusu?

Emirundi egisinga, okulongoosa kye kisinga okujjanjaba ebizimba ebiyinza okuggyibwamu awatali bulabe. Wabula singa ekizimba kiba kikula mangu nnyo oba nga kisaasaanidde mu bitundu by’omubiri ebirala, omusawo ayinza okukuwa amagezi ku bujjanjabi obulala.

Enkola z’obujjanjabi ze zino wammanga:

• Okuloongoosa:Eno y’obujjanjabi obusinga ku bizimba by’amalusu ebirina kookolo. Ng’oggyeeko okuggyawo ekizimba, singa wabaawo okuteebereza nti kookolo asaasaanidde mu nnywanto, ennywanto ezo nazo ziyinza okuggyibwamu (lymphadenectomy). Oluvannyuma lw’okulongoosebwa, bayinza okuweebwa obujjanjabi obw’amasannyalaze okusaanyaawo obutoffaali bwa kookolo bwonna obusigaddewo n’okukomya kookolo okudda.
• Obujjanjabi bw’amasannyalaze: Kino kizingiramu okukozesa ekyuma okutuusa obusannyalazo mu butoffaali bwa kookolo n’okubusaanyaawo. Obujjanjabi bwa photon-beam radiation therapy ne neutron beam radiation therapy bika bibiri eby’obujjanjabi obukozesebwa ku kookolo w’ennywanto z’amalusu. Oluusi, obujjanjabi obw’amasannyalaze buyinza okuweebwa ng’ekimu ku bitundu by’okulabirira okukendeeza ku bubonero n’okutumbula omutindo gw’obulamu.
• Chemotherapy: Kino kikozesa eddagala okutta obutoffaali bwa kookolo. Singa kookolo wo asaasaanidde okusukka endwadde z’amalusu n’agenda mu bitundu ebirala ebisukka omutwe n’ensingo, oyinza okumuwa eddagala eriweweeza ku bulwadde.

Oluusi, omusawo ayinza okukuwa amagezi okwetaba mu kugezesebwa okw’obujjanjabi . Bino kunoonyereza okulaba engeri obujjanjabi obupya gye bulina obukuumi era obukola obulungi. Obujjanjabi obupya mulimu:

• Obujjanjabi bw’abaserikale b’omubiri: Kino kizingiramu okuwa eddagala eriyamba abaserikale b’omubiri gwo okutegeera n’okulwanyisa obutoffaali bwa kookolo. Abanoonyereza banoonyereza ku kifo ky’ekika ky’obujjanjabi obw’enjawulo obuyitibwa checkpoint inhibitors mu kulwanyisa kookolo agenda mu maaso.
• Obujjanjabi obugendereddwamu: Buno bukozesa eddagala okutunuulira obulema mu buzaale bw’obutoffaali bwa kookolo, oba okutta kookolo oba okumulemesa okukula. Okunoonyereza era kukolebwa okulaba engeri obujjanjabi buno obugendereddwamu gye bukolamu mu bantu abalina kookolo wa adenoid cystic ow’omulembe.
• Radiosensitizers: Zino kika kya ddagala erifuula obutoffaali bwa kookolo okubeera obw’amaanyi eri obusannyalazo. Okunoonyereza era kugenda mu maaso okulaba engeri bino gye biyinza okugattibwa wamu n’obujjanjabi obw’amasannyalaze okuyamba okujjanjaba kookolo w’ennywanto z’amalusu.

Okusinziira ku kika kya kookolo ky’olina, muyinza okuweebwa obujjanjabi bumu oba obusingawo nga muli wamu okugoba kookolo n’okumutangira okuddamu.

Bizibu ki ebiyinza okuva mu bizimba by’ennywanto z’amalusu ebitali bya kookolo (ebitali bya bulabe)?

Ebizimba by’endwadde z’amalusu wadde nga si bya kookolo, bisobola okufuuka ebibi oluvannyuma lw’ekiseera. Obubonero bwa kookolo w’amalusu mulimu okugaziwa amangu kw’ekizimba ekyaliwo mu kamwa oba okwetooloola, okuzirika, okunafuwa, n’okulumwa mu maaso. Obubonero buno buyinza okukukaluubiriza okwogera oba okumira obulungi.

Kookolo w’amalusu asobola okuziyizibwa?

Mu butuufu, tewali ngeri yonna gye tuyinza kuziyiza ddala kookolo w’ennywanto z’amalusu.Wabula okwewala ebintu eby’obulabe ng’okunywa sigala n’okunywa omwenge ekisusse kiyinza okukendeeza ku bulabe okutwalira awamu obw’okukwatibwa kookolo.

Kookolo w’amalusu asobola okuwona?

Emirundi egisinga, singa kookolo azuulibwa n’ajjanjabibwa nga bukyali , asobola okuwona ddala. Emikisa gyo egy’okuwona gisinziira ku bintu nga:

• Enkula y’ekizimba.
• Oba kookolo asasaanye.
• Oba kookolo akomyewo.
• Nseke ki ey’amalusu erimu obutoffaali bwa kookolo?
• Engeri obutoffaali bwa kookolo obutali bwa bulijjo gye bulabika wansi wa microscope.
• Obulamu bwo okutwalira awamu.

Omuwendo gw’abantu abawangaala ku kookolo w’ennywanto z’amalusu guli gutya?

Emiwendo gy’abawona kookolo bye bikwata ku kunoonyereza ebiraga abantu bameka abazuuliddwa nga balina kookolo yennyini abajja okuwangaala ekiseera ekigere, ebiseera ebisinga emyaka etaano. Mu mbeera ya kookolo w’amalusu, omuwendo guno gwawukana okusinziira ku kika kya kookolo. Okugeza, omuwendo gw'okuwangaala kw'emyaka etaano ku kika ekiyitibwa ``mucoepidermoid carcinoma'' guli wakati wa 75% ne 90%. Ekifo ekizimba we kiri nakyo kikulu. Singa ekoma ku nnywanto y’amalusu, omuwendo gw’abawangaala guba nga 94%. Singa kookolo asaasaana, omuwendo ogwo gukendeera.

Kikulu okujjukira nti data eno tetunuulira bintu bya njawulo gy’oli – ebintu ng’embeera y’obulamu bwo n’engeri gy’okwatamu obujjanjabi.

N’olwekyo, kirungi n’obuuza omusawo wo ebinaavaamu biki okusinziira ku mbeera gy’olimu.

Ddi lwe nnina okulaba omusawo?

Bw’oba ​​olina obubonero bwonna obw’ekizimba ky’amalusu naddala nga bumala wiiki ezisukka mu bbiri , kakasa nti olaba omusawo.

Bw’olaba ekizimba mu kamwa oba mu mumiro ekitaggwaawo mu wiiki ntono, kakasa nti ogenda ew’omusawo. Ebizimba byonna tebirina kookolo. Ziyinza okuba ekizimba oba ekizimba ky’amalusu ekitali kya kookolo. Omusawo yekka y’asobola okukimanya mu bukakafu. Ekizimba kyo ne bwe kiba nga kya kookolo, gy’okoma okukizuula amangu n’otandika okujjanjabibwa, emikisa gyo egy’okuvaamu ebirungi gye gikoma okubeera emirungi.

Obubaka Obusembayo Okutwala Awaka

Kale, nsuubira kati olina okutegeera okulungi ku kookolo w’ennywanto z’amalusu gwe twayogeddeko leero. Jjukira nti bw’oba ​​olina ebizimba ebitali bya bulijjo, obulumi oba okuziyira mu kamwa oba mu mumiro, tobibuusa maaso. Laba omusawo amangu ago okebere. Ebizimba byonna si bya kookolo, naye okuzuula amangu y’engeri esinga okufuna ebirungi. Totya, ekisinga obukulu kwe kugoberera amagezi g’abasawo amatuufu. Bw’oba ​​olina ekibuuzo kyonna, yogerako n’omusawo wo mu lwatu.

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