Waliwo ekizimba mu mubiri? Kikuluma amagumba go? Kyandiba nga kya sarcoma? Ka tuzuule!

Olabye ekizimba ekipya awalala ku mubiri gwo nga tekiruma, naye nga kikutiisa katono? Oba omaze ebbanga ddene ng’ofuna obulumi mu mikono oba mu magulu awatali nsonga? Oluusi ebintu bino tetubifaayo nnyo, naye mu mbeera ezitatera kubaawo, bino biyinza okuba obubonero bw’ekika kya kookolo ayitibwa ‘Sarcoma’ . Abantu bangi bwe bawulira erinnya lino bafuna okweraliikirira katono, kubanga katono katono. Kale, leero tugenda kwogera ku Sarcoma, kye kitegeeza, engeri gy’akula, obubonero bwe buli, era oba waliwo obujjanjabi, mu ngeri ennyangu gy’osobola okutegeera.

Sarcoma kye ki ddala?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, Sarcoma kizimba ekibi, kwe kugamba, kookolo, ekikula mu magumba oba mu bitundu ebigonvu eby’omubiri gwaffe. Kati oyinza okuba nga weebuuza nti ekitundu kino ekigonvu kikolebwa ki. Ebitundu ebigonvu bye bintu ebiwanirira ensengekera endala mu mubiri gwaffe. Okugeza nga:

• Ebinywa (ennyama) .
• Obunene
• Emisuwa (ebitundu ebiyunga ebinywa ku magumba) .
• Cartilage (ebitundu ebigonvu ebisangibwa mu bifo ng’ennyondo) .
• Ligaments (ebitundu ebigatta amagumba awamu) .
• Emisuwa (emisuwa) .
• Obusimu obuyitibwa nerves

Kookolo ow’ekika kino ayitibwa sarcoma mu butuufu tatera nnyo. Singa tutwala omuwendo gwonna ogwa kookolo abeera mu bantu abakulu, sarcoma mutono, nga 1%. Wabula kookolo nga 15% abeera mu baana ayinza okuba sarcoma. Mu nsi nga Amerika, abantu nga 16,000 abapya be bakwatibwa obulwadde bwa sarcoma buli mwaka. Ku zino, nga 4,000 za sarcomas ezikula mu magumba, ate nga 13,000 za sarcomas ezikula mu bitundu ebigonvu.

Sarcoma esinga kubeera wa?

Lowooza, sarcoma eno esobola okukula wonna ku mubiri gwaffe, okuva ku mutwe gwaffe okutuuka ku bigere byaffe. Kyokka waliwo ebifo ebitonotono we kisinga okulabibwa:

• Ebitundu nga 40 ku buli 100 (40%) ku byo bibeera mu bigere byaffe (amagulu, enkizi, ebigere).
• Ebitundu nga 15 ku buli 100 (15%) bikwata ku mikono (ebibegabega, emikono, engalo, engalo).
• Ebitundu nga 30 ku buli 100 (30%) biri mu bitundu nga omubiri gwaffe, ekifuba, olubuto, n’ekisambi.
• Ebitundu nga kkumi na bitaano ku buli kikumi (15%) bikwata ku mutwe n’ensingo.

Ebika bya Sarcoma bye biruwa?

Sarcoma si kika kimu kyokka. Kigambo kigazi ekitegeeza ekibinja ekinene ekya kookolo akula mu magumba n’ebitundu ebigonvu. Mu butuufu, ebika bya sarcoma ebisukka mu 70 bye bizuuliddwa. Kizibu nnyo, si bwe kiri? Ka tulabe ebika ebikulu ebibiri.

1. Obulwadde bwa Sarcomas mu magumba

Ono kookolo atandikira butereevu mu magumba (`primary bone sarcoma`). Ekitundu ekisukka mu kimu kya kusatu eky’ekika kino ekya sarcoma kizuulibwa mu bantu abali wansi w’emyaka 35. Era kiyinza okulabibwa mu baana.

Ebimu ku bika ebikulu eby’obulwadde bwa bone sarcoma bye bino:

• Obulwadde bw’amagumba(Kino kye kika ekisinga okulabibwa)
• Obulwadde bwa Chondrosarcoma
• Chordoma (Olulimi Oluganda).
• Obulwadde bwa Ewing obwa sarcoma
• Obulwadde bwa Fibrosarcoma

Ekikulu: Si kookolo yenna akula mu magumba nti bone sarcoma. Oluusi, obutoffaali bwa kookolo obutandise awalala mu mubiri (nga amawuggwe, amabeere oba thyroid) busobola okuyita mu musaayi ne busaasaana ne butuuka mu magumba. Kino kiyitibwa kookolo w'amagumba agenda mu bitundu ebirala . Kino kyawukana ku kookolo w’amagumba asookerwako.

2. Sarcomas z’ebitundu ebigonvu

Bino bitandikira mu binywa byaffe oba ebitundu ebirala ebiyunga mu mubiri. Okwawukanako ne bone sarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma esinga kubeera mu bantu abakulu. Wabula ebika ebimu, gamba nga rhabdomyosarcoma, bisinga kubeera mu baana.

Waliwo ebika by’obulwadde bwa sarcoma mu bitundu ebigonvu ebiwerako:

• Obulwadde bwa Angiosarcoma
• Ebizimba by’obutoffaali obutono obwetooloovu (desmoplastic).
• Ekizimba ky’omu lubuto n’ekyenda (GIST) .
• Obulwadde bwa Leiomyosarcoma
• Obulwadde bwa liposarcoma
• Ekizimba ekibi eky’obusimu obw’okumpi
• Obulwadde bwa schwannoma obubi
• Obulwadde bwa myxofibrosarcoma
• Obulwadde bwa synovial sarcoma
• Obulwadde bwa pleomorphic sarcoma obutaawuddwamu

Laba ebika bimeka! Obutonde n’enkola y’obujjanjabi bwa buli emu ku zino eyinza okuba ey’enjawulo katono.

Ani ali mu bulabe obw’amaanyi obw’okukwatibwa obulwadde bwa sarcoma?

Sarcoma esobola okukwata abaana n’abantu abakulu. Soft tissue sarcoma esinga kubeera mu bantu abakulu. Ate obulwadde bw’amagumba businga kubeera mu baana, abavubuka abakulu n’abantu abasukka mu myaka 65. Okunoonyereza okumu kulaga nti obulwadde bw’amagumba busingako katono mu basajja ne mu bantu abaddugavu oba aba Hispanic .

Lwaki obulwadde buno obwa sarcoma bubaawo? Kiki ekivaako?

Kino mu butuufu kye kizibu abantu bangi kye balina. Sarcoma ebaawo enkyukakyuka ezimu bwe zibaawo mu mawulire g’obuzaale (DNA) ag’obutoffaali bw’amagumba oba obutoffaali obugonvu mu mubiri gwaffe, era obutoffaali obwo ne bufuuka obutoffaali bwa kookolo. Olwo obutoffaali buno obwa kookolo ne butandika okwawukana amangu era nga tebufugibwa. Oluvannyuma obutoffaali buno bwegatta ne bukola ekizimba. Ekizimba kino kikula mpolampola era kisobola okwonoona n’okulumba ebitundu ebiramu ebibyetoolodde.

Singa kino tekijjanjabwa bulungi, obutoffaali bwa kookolo busobola okusaasaana nga buyita mu musaayi gwaffe oba mu nkola y’amazzi.Kookolo asobola okugenda mu bitundu by’omubiri eby’ewala n’avaamu ebizimba ebipya. Kino kiyitibwa metastasis , oba okusaasaana kwa kookolo. Okujjanjaba kookolo asaasaanidde mu ngeri eno kizibu nnyo.

Nga bwe kiri ku bika bya kookolo ebirala, abanoonyereza tebannaba kuzuula nsonga ntuufu lwaki obutoffaali obulamu bufuuka obutoffaali bwa sarcoma mu bwangu.

Biki ebiyinza okuvaako okulwala obulwadde bwa sarcoma?

Wadde nga tewali kivaako butereevu, waliwo ebintu ebimu eby’obulabe ebizuuliddwa ebiyinza okwongera ku bulabe bw’okulwala obulwadde bwa sarcoma. Bbo bali:

• Okukwatibwa eddagala erimu: Okubeera mu bintu nga arsenic okumala ebbanga eddene, eddagala erimu erikozesebwa okukola obuveera (e.g. vinyl chloride monomer), eddagala eritta omuddo (e.g. phenoxyacetic acid), n’ebikuuma enku (e.g. chlorophenols).
• Radiation: Okubeera mu dose ennene ez’obusannyalazo ng’obujjanjabi obw’emabega obwa kookolo omulala.
• Lymphedema: Okuzimba emikono oba amagulu okumala ebbanga eddene.
• Embeera ezimu ez’obuzaale: Embeera ezimu ez’obuzaale n’enkyukakyuka mu chromosome bisikira. Eby’okulabirako mulimu obulwadde bwa Gardner, Werner, obulwadde bwa von Hippel-Lindau, Gorlin, Tuberous sclerosis, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, retinoblastoma, ne neurofibromatosis type 1. Zino mbeera ezitali nnyingi nnyo.

Okubeera n’ebintu bino eby’akabi tekitegeeza nti ddala ojja kufuna obulwadde bwa sarcoma. Kyokka, kikulu okubimanya.

Bubonero ki obulaga obulwadde bwa Sarcoma? Okitegeera otya?

Obubonero bwa sarcoma bwawukana nnyo okusinziira ku kifo kookolo w’ali. Ng’ekyokulabirako, obulwadde bwa sarcoma obumu buyinza obutalaga bubonero bwonna mu kusooka. Abalala bayinza okuwulira ng’ekizimba ekitaliimu bulumi wansi w’olususu. Wabula obulumi butandika okubaawo ng’ekizimba kikula ne kinyigiriza obusimu n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo.

Ku luuyi olulala, obulwadde bwa sarcoma obumu busobola okuleeta obulumi n’okuzimba mu magumba g’omukono oba okugulu okumala ebbanga eddene . Obulumi buno buyinza okuba obw'amaanyi naddala ekiro . Kino kiyinza okukaluubiriza okutambuza omukono oba okugulu n’okukola emirimu egya buli lunaku.

Obubonero obumu obutera okulabika obuyinza okulabibwa bwe buno:

• Ekizimba oba okuzimba ekipya (kino kiyinza okuluma oba tekiyinza kuluma).
• Obulumi obutannyonnyolwa mu mukono, ekigere, mu lubuto oba mu kisambi.
• Okukaluubirirwa okutambuza omukono oba okugulu (e.g., okulemererwa, okutambula okutono).
• Okugejja awatali nsonga.
• Obulumi bw’omugongo (naddala nga kookolo ali mu mugongo).

Jjukira nti obubonero buno era busobola okulabibwa mu ndwadde endala nnyingi. Kale, totya kulowooza nti sarcoma just because you have a sign like this. Kyokka, kiba kya magezi okulaba omusawo n’ofuna amagezi.

Oyinza otya okuzuula obulungi obulwadde bwa sarcoma? (Okuzuula obulwadde)

Bw’oba ​​olina obubonero nga buno, omusawo ajja kusooka kukubuuza ku bubonero bwo n’okukeberebwa omubiri. Olwo, bajja kwetaaga okukola okukeberebwa okw’enjawulo okukakasa oba olina sarcoma n’ekika ki. Okukebera okusinga obukulu kwe kukebera ebitundu by’omubiri (biopsy).

Okukebera ebitundu by’omubiri (biopsy) kizingiramu okuggya akatundu akatono mu kizimba n’akasindika mu laabu. Eyo, omukugu ayitibwa omukugu mu by’endwadde akebera ekitundu ekyo ng’akozesa ekyuma ekirabika obulungi okulaba oba kirimu obutoffaali bwa kookolo era bwe kiba bwe kityo, kika kya sarcoma. Amawulire gano gajja kukuyamba okuzuula obujjanjabi obusinga obulungi gy’oli.

Ebimu ku bigezo ebirala bye bino:

• X-ray: Eno esobola okukuba ebifaananyi by’amagumba n’ebitundu ebigonvu.
• CT scan (Computed Tomography scan): Kino kikwata ebifaananyi bya X-ray ebiddiriŋŋana ne bikola ebifaananyi eby’omunda mu mubiri.
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Kino kikozesa magineeti ennene, amayengo ga leediyo, ne kompyuta okukola ebifaananyi ebitegeerekeka obulungi era ebikwata ku bintu ebiri munda mu mubiri. Singa ekintu ekitali kya bulijjo kirabibwa ku X-ray, oyinza okusabibwa okukeberebwa MRI.
• Okukebera amagumba: Mu kino, ekintu ekitono eky’amasannyalaze kifukibwa mu mubiri okuyamba okuzuula ebitali bya bulijjo mu magumba (nga bone sarcoma).
• PET scan (Positron Emission Tomography scan): Kino kikozesa ekika kya glucose eky’enjawulo. Olw’okuba obutoffaali obweyawukana amangu, gamba ng’obutoffaali bwa kookolo, bukozesa glucose mungi, sikaani eno esobola okulaga ebitundu by’omubiri awali glucose mu ngeri etaali ya bulijjo (ebizimba we biyinza okubaawo).

Emitendera gya sarcoma gizuulibwa gitya?

Okuzuula omutendera gwa kookolo kikulu nnyo. Kiyamba okutegeera obuzibu bwa kookolo n’obujjanjabi obusinga obulungi. Sarcomas ezisinga zisengekebwa okusinziira ku nkola ya TNM classification :

• T (Tumor): Kino kitegeeza obunene n’ekifo ekizimba kya kookolo ekisookerwako we kiri.
• N (Nodes): Kino kitegeeza oba kookolo asaasaanidde mu nnywanto eziriraanyewo .
• M (Metastasis): Kino kitegeeza oba kookolo asaasaanidde (metastasized) mu bitundu ebirala eby’ewala mu mubiri.

Okugatta ku ekyo, abasawo bagaba kookolo ono ekigero (Grade - G).Kino kitegeeza engeri obutoffaali bwa kookolo gye bufaanagana oba obw’enjawulo ku butoffaali obwa bulijjo. Okutwalira awamu, obutoffaali bwa kookolo gye bukoma okufaanagana n’obutoffaali obwa bulijjo, n’okuteebereza gye kukoma okubeera okulungi.

Nga bakozesa amawulire gano gonna, abasawo basalawo omutendera gw’obulwadde bwa sarcoma (omuwendo okuva ku 1 okutuuka ku 4). Omuwendo gye gukoma okuba omungi, kookolo gy’akoma okukula mu kitundu oba okusaasaana mu mubiri gwonna.

Emisingi gy’okuzuula omutendera giyinza okuba egy’enjawulo katono ku buli kika kya sarcoma. Kale, beera muggule n’omusawo wo ku mutendera gwa kookolo wo n’engeri gy’anaakosaamu obujjanjabi bwo n’okuwona mu biseera eby’omu maaso.

Bujjanjabi ki obw’obulwadde bwa Sarcoma?

Bw’oba ​​ojjanjaba obulwadde bwa sarcoma, si musawo omu yekka, wabula ttiimu y’abakugu abakolagana. Ttiimu eno eyinza okubeeramu abasawo abalongoosa, abakugu mu by’okukuba ebifaananyi, abakugu mu by’obuzaale, abakugu mu by’obulwadde bwa kookolo, abakugu mu by’obulwadde bwa kookolo, abakugu mu by’endwadde, abaana (aba kookolo w’abaana), abakugu mu by’empisa, n’abakola ku nsonga z’abantu.

Obujjanjabi bw’ofuna bujja kusinziira ku bintu bingi omuli:

• Ekika kya Sarcoma.
• Enkula n’ekifo ekizimba we kiri.
• Obulamu bwo obw’awamu.
• Oba sarcoma yaakazuulibwa oba nga yasooka kukula n’akomawo (okuddamu).

Ezimu ku nkola enkulu ez’obujjanjabi ze zino:

1. Okulongoosa

Mu kino, abasawo bagezaako okuggyawo obutoffaali bwa kookolo bwonna ate nga bakuuma ebitundu ebiramu bingi nga bwe kisoboka. Ekizimba kiggyibwawo nga waliwo omumwa omubi ogw’ebitundu ebiramu okwetoloola ekizimba (`wide local excision`). Kino kigezaako okuggyawo obutoffaali bwa kookolo obutono ennyo, obutono ennyo nga tebusigazzaako.

Oluusi, ekitundu ekikoseddwa kirina okuddamu okuzimbibwa. Mu kulongoosa okutaasa ebitundu by’omubiri, ekizimba kiggyibwawo era bwe kiba kyetaagisa, ekiwanga ne kiddamu okuzimbibwa nga bassaamu ebyuma. Oluusi, eggumba okuva mu kitundu ekirala eky’omubiri oba eggumba eddala liyinza okukozesebwa okudda mu kifo ky’eggumba eryaggyibwamu. Wabula mu mbeera ezimu, eky’okukola ekisinga obukuumi era ekisinga obulungi kwe kuggyawo ekitundu ky’omubiri ekikoseddwa (okusalako). Kino kusalawo kuzibu nnyo.

2. Obujjanjabi bw’amasannyalaze (Radiation Therapy).

Mu kino, emisinde gya X-ray egy’amaanyi amangi gikozesebwa okusaanyaawo obutoffaali bwa kookolo. Ekigendererwa kwe kukendeeza ku kwonooneka kw’obutoffaali obulamu. Obujjanjabi bw’amasannyalaze (radiation therapy) busobola okuweebwa munda (okuteekebwa munda mu mubiri) oba ebweru (okuweebwa okuva ebweru w’omubiri n’ekyuma). Tekinologiya ow’omulembe ow’ennaku zino asobozesa ekitangaala ky’obusannyalazo okutunuulirwa ddala ku kookolo, ne kiwonya ebitundu ebiramu ebimwetoolodde.

Obujjanjabi bw’amasannyalaze obuweebwa munda , era obuyitibwa brachytherapy , busobola okukozesebwa ku sarcomas ezitannasaasaana. Kiyinza okuweebwa oba mu kiseera ky’okulongoosebwa (intra-operative radiotherapy) oba okuyita mu buveera (catheters) oluvannyuma lw’okulongoosebwa (interstitial brachytherapy).

Obujjanjabi bw’amasannyalaze (radiation therapy) era bukozesebwa mu mbeera nga kookolo asaasaanidde (metastatic disease).

3. Obujjanjabi bw’eddagala

Kino kikozesa eddagala eritta obutoffaali bwa kookolo obwawukana amangu oba okukendeeza ku kukula kwabwo. Eddagala lino osobola okuliweebwa mu misuwa oba ng’empeke ng’omira mu kamwa. Ziweebwa okukendeeza ekizimba nga tebannalongoosebwa oba okutta obutoffaali bwa kookolo bwonna obusigaddewo oluvannyuma lw’okulongoosebwa. Oluusi, obujjanjabi bw’eddagala buweebwa wamu n’obujjanjabi obw’amasannyalaze.

4. Obujjanjabi obugendereddwamu

Buno bujjanjabi bwa njawulo nnyo. Ekozesa eddagala erigenderera obunafu obw’enjawulo mu butoffaali bwa kookolo awatali bulabe ku butoffaali bulamu. Wabula obujjanjabi buno bukola ku bika by’obutoffaali bwa kookolo byokka obulina obunafu obwo obugendereddwamu. Omusawo ayinza okugikuwa amagezi ng’obujjanjabi bumu oba ng’ogigatta wamu n’obujjanjabi obulala.

5. Obujjanjabi bw’abaserikale b’omubiri / Biologic Therapy

Kino kizingiramu okunyweza abaserikale b’omubiri gwaffe , okuguyamba okutegeera n’okulwanyisa obutoffaali bwa kookolo. Obutoffaali bwa kookolo busobola okwekweka abaserikale baffe abaziyiza endwadde, oba okugikomya okukola. Eno y’ensonga lwaki obutoffaali bwa kookolo bukula munda mu mubiri. Obujjanjabi bw’abaserikale b’omubiri bukola nga bulemesa enkola zino ez’okwekuuma obutoffaali bwa kookolo n’okuyamba omubiri gwaffe okulwanyisa kookolo yennyini.

6. Okuggyamu ebbugumu mu bbugumu

Oluusi, sarcomas zisobola okusaanawo nga zibugumya oba nga zifumbiddwa mu bbugumu . Kino kikolebwa omusawo akola ku by’okukuba ebifaananyi (interventional radiologist), akozesa sikaani (nga CT scan) okuzuula obulungi ekizimba n’okuyingizaamu ekintu eky’enjawulo (ekikebera).

7. Obujjanjabi obw’okukkakkanya obulumi

Buno si bujjanjabi buwonya kookolo. Naye kikulu nnyo. Buno bujjanjabi bwa njawulo eri abantu abalina endwadde ez’amaanyi nga kookolo. Ttiimu y’abajjanjabi abakendeeza ku bulwadde buno mulimu abasawo, ba nurse, abakola ku nsonga z’abantu, n’abakugu mu by’endya. Zikola okumalawo obubonero n’okuddukanya ebizibu ebiva mu bujjanjabi.Ekibiina kino era kikuyamba okukola ku situleesi n’okusoomoozebwa ebijja ng’ozuuliddwa kookolo n’okukuuma omutindo gw’obulamu bwo.

8. Okugezesebwa mu bujjanjabi

Omusawo wo era ayinza okukuwa amagezi okwetaba mu kugezesebwa okw'obujjanjabi . Bino bye kunoonyereza okugezesa obukuumi n’obulungi bw’obujjanjabi bwa kookolo obupya. Obujjanjabi obupya obw’obulwadde bwa sarcoma bulijjo buba mu mutendera gw’okunoonyereza. Okusinziira ku ngeri gy’ozuddemu obulwadde, okugezesebwa okw’ekika kino kuyinza okuba eky’okulondako gy’oli.

Obulamu buli butya ku Sarcoma? (Omuwendo gw’abawonawo)

Kino kibuuzo abantu bangi kye babuuza. Mu soft tissue sarcoma, omuwendo gw’abantu abawangaala emyaka etaano guba nga 81% singa kookolo aba tasaasaana mu bitundu by’omubiri ebirala (metastasized). Wabula mu mbeera za kookolo agenda mu bitundu ebirala, omuwendo guno guba nga 15%. Mu osteosarcoma, ekika kya bone sarcoma ekisinga okubeerawo, omuwendo gw’abantu abawangaala okumala emyaka etaano guba nga 77% singa kookolo aba tasaasaana, ate mu mbeera za kookolo agenda okusaasaana, guba nga 26%.

Wabula tosinziira ku nnamba zino zokka okuteebereza kwo. Ebinaavaamu bijja kusinziira ku bintu bingi, omuli ekika kya sarcoma ky’olina, wa gy’ali, obulamu bwo okutwalira awamu, n’engeri gy’okwatamu obujjanjabi. Omusawo wo y’asinga okumanya ebikwata ku mbeera yo entuufu.

Biseera ki ebisinga obulungi okulaba omusawo?

Bw’oba ​​olina ekizimba ekipya – oba kiruma oba nedda – naddala nga kiringa omupiira gwa Golf (nga sentimita 5), ​​laba omusawo amangu ago. Ate era, singa ggwe oba omwana wo olina obulumi bw’amagumba nga tebufunye buvune bwonna , ate nga tebuwona ku bwabwo, noonya omusawo amagezi.

N’ekisembayo, ebintu by’olina okujjukira (Obubaka bw’okutwala awaka) .

Sarcoma si kika kya kookolo kimu. Kibinja kya bika bya bizimba eby’enjawulo ebiyinza okukula mu magumba gaffe oba mu bitundu ebigonvu. Obubonero bwawukana okusinziira ku kifo ekizimba we kiri. Bw’oba ​​ozuuliddwa nti olina obulwadde bwa sarcoma, jjukira nti obujjanjabi bw’oyinza okukozesa n’engeri obulwadde buno gye bunaakwatamu mu biseera eby’omu maaso bisinziira ku bintu bingi. Omusawo wo asobola okukunnyonnyola bino byonna.

Tosattira, naye weegendereze. Bw’olaba ekintu kyonna ekitali kya bulijjo, yogerako n’omusawo ku nsonga eyo. Gy’okoma okuzuulibwa amangu, gye kikoma okuba nti obujjanjabi bujja kuba bulungi.

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