I naute hriselna i ngaihtuah em? Tichuan NIPT (Noninvasive Prenatal Testing) chungchang hi i hriat a ngai a ni!

Tunah chuan nu nih i beisei tawh avangin nangmah leh i pum chhunga i fate hriselna tur i ngaihtuah nasa hle a ni ngei ang, a dik em? Chuvangin vawiin hian naupai laiin test bik kan sawi dawn a ni. Hei hi NIPT (Noninvasive Prenatal Testing) an ti a. Hei hian i naute hriselna chungchanga thu pawimawh thenkhat chu nangmah emaw naute emaw tan pawh harsatna awm lovin i hre thei a ni.

NIPT (Noninvasive Prenatal Testing) tih hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, NIPT hi i naupai laiin i nausen piang lai hian chromosomal disorder engemaw zat a nei em tih enfiahna test a ni . Entirnan, Down syndrome ( Trisomy 21) , Trisomy 18 ( Edwards syndrome) , leh Trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) ang chi natna hlauhawmna a enfiah thin. I naute sex pawh a hrilh thei bawk.

Hei hi i thisen sample lak hmanga tih a ni. Mak ti suh, i thisenah hian i naute DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) tlemte chauh a awm a ni. DNA hi kan gene leh chromosome siamna a ni. Kan taksa blueprint ang mai a ni. Chuvangin heng DNA fragment te hi test hian doctor te hian naute genetic information chungchangah hian ngaihtuahna engemaw zat an nei thei a ni. He thisen sample hi lab-ah test turin an thawn thin. Mahse, NIPT hian chromosome emaw, genetic condition emaw zawng zawng a hre thei lo tih hre reng ang che.

He NIPT test hi hming dangin an ko thin. Ṭhenkhat chuan cell-free DNA screening emaw cfDNA screening emaw an ti a. Mi dangte chuan non-invasive prenatal screening emaw NIPS emaw an ti bawk. Heng hmingte hi i hriat chuan hlau suh, test inang vek an ni.

Hei hi screening test a ni a , diagnostic test a ni lo tih hriat a pawimawh hle . Chumi awmzia chu i fain natna a neih theih dan leh a neih theih loh zia chauh a hrilh che tihna a ni. ‘Ni e, i fa hian he natna hi a nei’ emaw, ‘Ni lo, i fa hian he natna hi a nei lo’ emaw tih chiang takin a sawi thei lo.

NIPT test neih i duh leh duh loh chu i thutlukna vek a ni. I doctor chuan hemi chungchangah hian thu a pe ang che a, i tana thutlukna tha ber siam turin a pui ang che.

NIPT test hian eng chiah nge a zawn?

Kan sawi tawh ang khan NIPT hian chromosomal condition emaw birth disorder zawng zawng a hmu thei lo. A tam zawkah chuan NIPT test-ah hian:

• Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) natna a ni.
• Trisomy 18 a ni
• Trisomy 13 a ni
• Sex chromosome (X leh Y) nena inzawm thil dik lo .

Down syndrome, trisomy 18, leh trisomy 13 te hi chromosome extra vang a ni. Sex chromosome test hian naute sex a hriat theih bakah sex chromosome awm zat pangngaia inthlak danglamna a awm leh awm loh a enfiah thei bawk. Sex chromosome natna tlangpui chu Turner syndrome , Klinefelter syndrome , Triple X syndrome, leh XYY syndrome te a ni. Mahse, NIPT test zawng zawng hian heng natna zawng zawng hi a hmu vek lo tih hre reng ang che. Chuvangin i NIPT test hian eng nge a zawn dawn tih i doctor nen inbiakna neih a pawimawh hle.

Engvangin nge he NIPT test hi tih a nih? Tu tan nge a tha ber?

NIPT hian naute chu chromosomal abnormality neia piang a nih theihna tur a hriat theih nan a pui a ni. Doctor-te chuan a hnuaia thil awm danah hian he test hi an rawt thei ang:

• Naupang chromosomal abnormality nei i neih tawh chuan.
• Ultrasound scan i neih chuan naute hian thil danglam deuh a nei thei tih i hmuchhuak a nih chuan.
• Screening test hmasa lama harsatna awm thei tih hriattirna i neih tawh chuan.

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) chuan naupai hlauhawm tak i neih chauhvin NIPT hi an rawt thin . Chumi awmzia chu, kum 35 chunglam i nih chuan, emaw, i chhungkuaa mi tu emaw chuan heng natna zinga pakhat hi a lo nei tawh a nih pawhin. Mahse tunah chuan hmeichhe naupai zawng zawng, risk eng pawh ni se, NIPT chungchang hriattir tur leh neih theihna hun pek an nih tur thu an sawi ta a ni.

NIPT test result a zirin i obstetrician chuan diagnostic test neih a rawt thei ang . Kan sawi tawh ang khan screening test hian probability chauh a hrilh che a ni. Diagnostic test chu i naute hian natna a neih leh neih loh hriatna chiang tak ‘yes’ emaw ‘no’ emaw a pe thei a ni.

Naupai lai hian engtikah nge NIPT test hi tih tur?

NIPT test hi naupai kar 10 hnuah tih a ni tlangpui a, mahse naute pian thlengin engtik lai pawhin tih theih a ni . A tam zawkah chuan kar 10 hmaa tih a ni lo. Hei hi a chhan chu chu hun hma chuan nu thisenah nausen DNA a awm tawk lo thei a, chu chuan test dik tak a ti thei a ni.

NIPT test hi engtiang chiahin nge a dik?

Hei hi mi tam takin an zawh thin a ni. Test dikna leh dik lohEng condition nge test a nih tih ah a innghat. Tin, twins i beisei a nih chuan, midang tan naute i phur a nih chuan (surrogate pregnancy), emaw, i thau lutuk a nih chuan NIPT result a nghawng thei bawk.

NIPT hi a tlangpuiin Down syndrome hmuhchhuahna kawngah 99% velin a dik a ni. Trisomies 18 leh 13 hmuhchhuahnaah hian a dik lo deuh mai thei a, a pum puiin NIPT hian nau neih hmaa screening test dang, quad screen ang chi aiin false positive a nei tlem zawk a ni. Chumi awmzia chu naute a nghawng loh chuan test hian false positive a pe tlem zawk tihna a ni.

NIPT test hian naute hi mipa leh hmeichhia a ni thei ang em?

Ni e, NIPT test hian nausen sex chu a hrilhfiah thei a ni. Nu leh pa tam tak chuan hei hi hriat an chak em em a ni lawm ni?

Naupai lai hian NIPT test neih a ngai em?

Ni lo, hei hi tih ngei ngei tur a ni lo. Hei hi mimal thutlukna a ni vek. Hemi chungchanga zawhna neih hi thil pangngai a ni. I doctor chuan nau neih hmaa screening tih theih dang zawng zawng, NIPT te pawh a hrilh vek ang che. Thil tam takin NIPT neih tura thutlukna siam hi a nghawng thei a ni. Thutlukna siam harsatna i neih chuan, emaw, he screening hi chipchiar zawka sawi i duh chuan, genetic counselor chuan heng prenatal testing options te hi a hrilhfiah thei che a, i tana tha ber tur thlang turin a pui thei bawk che a ni.

Engtin nge doctor te hian he NIPT test hi an tih thin?

Hei hi a awlsam hle. I doctor tih tur awm chhun chu i kut a vein atanga thisen sample lak mai a ni . He thisen sample hi naute DNA-a thil dik lo awm leh awm loh enfiah turin lab-ah thawn a ni.

Kan cell chhungah DNA kan nei vek a. Heng cell te hi an inthen darh zel a, cell thar an siam chhuak zel a ni. Cell a chhiat chuan DNA (DNA fragments) te te te chu kan thisenah a tawp ta a ni. I naupai lai hian i naute DNA a tlem lutuk chu i thisenah a inher chhuak thin. Hei hi cell-free DNA, a nih loh leh cfDNA . NIPT test hian i thisenah i naute DNA chi hrang hrang a zawng thin.

Naute DNA tling tawk chu i thisenah a khawlkhawm theih nan kar 10 vel a ngai tih hriat reng a pawimawh. Chuvangin he test hi naupai atanga kar 10 hnuah tih a ni lo.

NIPT test hian risk a nei em?

NIPT test hi a him hle. Naute tan chuan risk a awm lo. A chhan chu nu naupai thisen tlemte lak a ngai chauh a ni. Chuvangin ngaihtuahawm tur a awm lo.

Engtikah nge ka test result ka dawn ang?

NIPT test result hmuh nan hian a chang chuan kar hnih vel a ngai thei bawk.I kal thei ang. Mahse result i hmuh hma hun a awm. I doctor hian result a hmu hmasa ber thin. Tichuan, chu result chu a hriattir ang che.

NIPT test result hian eng nge a sawi?

NIPT hi screening test a nih avangin i naute hian natna a neih leh neih loh chungchangah ‘ni’ emaw ‘ni lo’ emaw chhanna a pe lo. Results chuan i naute hian he natna hi a vei theihna chance a sang emaw, a tlahniam emaw tih a tarlang. I test result hi a chang chuan hriatthiam a harsa deuh thei. Chuvangin i chiang lo a nih chuan i doctor hnenah hriattirna zawt rawh.

Lab tam tak chuan an test na condition tinah result hrang hrang an pe thin. Entirnan, Trisomy 13 vangin positive (high risk) result i hmu thei a, Down syndrome erawh negative (low risk) result i hmu thei thung.

Tin, a chang chuan i thisenah naute DNA a awm tawk loh avangin result a awm lo thei a, a nih loh leh naute DNA a hriat chian loh vang a ni thei bawk. Chutiang a nih chuan NIPT test chu tih leh theih a ni. Chutiang hunah chuan i doctor chuan kaihhruaina tha ber a pe thei che a ni.

Results chu positive/high risk a nih chuan engtin nge ni ang?

NIPT test-ah i naute chu chromosomal abnormality nei thei dinhmunah a ding tih a hriat chuan, i doctor chuan diagnostic testing neih a rawt thei ang . Heng test te hian condition a awm pawhin ‘yes’ emaw ‘no’ emaw a ti chiang thei. Heng test hrang hrangte hi:

• Amniocentesis: Hei hian i nausen pum atanga amniotic fluid tlemte lakchhuah a huam a ni. He test hi naupai kar 15 hnuah tih theih a ni.
• Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): He test hian nausen atanga cell sample lak a ni. He cell sample hi lab-ah test turin an thawn thin. Hei hi naupai kar 10 leh kar 13 inkarah tih theih a ni.

I NIPT result chungchangah i doctor nen uluk taka inbiakna neih a pawimawh hle a, i tih tur chungchanga i mamawh zawng zawng i hmuh vek a pawimawh hle.

Down syndrome tan NIPT test hi a dik lo thei ang em?

NIPT hi screening test a nih avangin 100% a dik lo. Chuvangin risk chauh a tilang kan ti a ni. Chuvangin i result leh i duhthlan tur dang hriat belh duh chuan i doctor nen inbiakna neih a pawimawh hle.

NIPT test neih a phu em?

NIPT ang chi nau neih hmaa screening test neih tur nge genetic test dang neih tur tih chu nangmah thu a ni. I doctor chuan zawhna i neih apiang a chhang thei ang. Mahse a tawpah chuan, i dinhmun bik a zirin, genetic emaw chromosomal abnormality emaw hian nang leh i chhungte a nghawng dan tur chu nangmah thu a ni.

Hêng zawhnate hian thu tlûkna siam tûrin a ṭanpui ang che:

• Screening result a positive a nih chuan engtin nge ka awm ang?
• Amniocentesis emaw CVS emaw ang chi diagnostic test neih ka duh ang em?
• Ka fa hian genetic condition a nei tih ka hriat chuan, a nih loh leh genetic condition a neih theihna chance a sang zawk tih ka hriat chuan, engmah tihdanglam ka tum ang em?
• He thu hriatna hian min ti lungngai ang em, min ti lungngai ang em, a nih loh leh naute enkawl tûra inbuatsaihnaah min ṭanpui ang em?
• He thu hriat hian ka doctor-te chu ka fa enkawl tha zawk turin a pui dawn em ni?

NIPT test hi engzat nge senso?

NIPT test man hi a inang lo thei hle. Health insurance policy tam zawk chuan a senso tam zawk (a nih loh leh a zawng zawng pawh) a huam vek a ni. Ṭhenkhat chuan a then tal chu an khuh vek. Chuvangin test i neih hmain i insurance company hnenah zawhfiah hmasa phawt a tha. Insurance i neih loh chuan, emaw, i insurance-in NIPT testing a huam loh chuan nangmah ngeiin i pe thei ang.

Kar 14-ah NIPT hi tih theih a ni em?

Ni e, NIPT hi naupai kar 10 hnuah engtik lai pawhin tih theih a ni. Chu chu kar 14-ah pawh harsatna a awm lo tihna a ni.

NIPT test chungchangah hian ka doctor hnenah eng nge ka zawh tur?

NIPT ang test neih hi mimal thutlukna a ni. I result awmzia chungchangah zawhna i nei thei a, NIPT test i neih tur em tih pawh i nei thei bawk. Zawhna zawh hreh suh. Nangmah chauhvin nangmah leh i chhungte tana tha ber tur chu nangmah chauhvin i rel thei tih hre reng ang che.

I doctor zawh theih zawhna tlanglawn thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Keimah ni ila NIPT test i nei dawn em ni?
• Ka screening test a positive a nih chuan eng nge ka tih tur?
• Ka duhthlan tur chungchang sawi turin genetic counselor a awm em?
• False positive awm theihna chance chu engzat nge ni?

Home message chu la rawh

Okay, chuvangin NIPT test hi prenatal screening method rintlak tak a ni a, naute piang laiah chromosomal disorder awm theihna a teh a ni. He test hian naute sex chungchang pawh a hriattir thei bawk. NIPT test hian natna a hmuchhuak lo – naute hian natna engemaw tak a neih a rinawm zawk tih chauh a tarlang. NIPT result kan hmuh hnuah diagnostic test neih a tha thei ang. NIPT ang chi nau neih hmaa test hi tih ngei ngei tur a ni lo va, tih leh neih loh chu nangmah ah a innghat vek a ni.I ngaihtuahna chu i doctor emaw, genetic counselor emaw nen sawiho rawh. Test hian eng nge a zawn tih leh result awmzia dik tak hriatthiam a pawimawh a, thutlukna dik siam a pawimawh bawk. Nang leh i naute tan duhsakna ka hlan a che u!

` NIPT, Noninvasive Prenatal Testing, nau neih hmaa test, Down syndrome, chromosomal abnormalities, naupai, cfDNA, naute hriselna