Ni engemaw zat chhung chu i khuh a, i phlegm i nei tawh em? I doctor chuan ‘sputum culture’ ti turin a ti che a ni mai thei. Chu hming i hriat chuan tlem chuan i hlauthawng a, i hlauthawng deuh mai thei. Sputum culture hi eng nge ni tak tak? Hlauh tur thil a ni em? Hemi chungchang hi awlsam takin, i hriatthiam theih angin i sawi ang u.
A hmasain, he sputum culture test hi eng nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, sputum test hi medical test a ni a, chu chu i lung emaw thawkna kawng emawa natna hrik thlentu bacteria emaw, hrik dang emaw a awm leh awm loh enfiahna a ni.
Doctor-te chuan he test hi thawkna lama natna khirh lo zawk, pneumonia leh tuberculosis nei te hriatchhuah nan leh an dinhmun enfiah nan an hmang fo thin.
Pawimawh tak chu he test hi virus infection rinhlelh a nih chuan tih a ni tlangpui lo va, bacteria emaw fungal infection rinhlelh a nih chauhvin tih a ni.
Chuti a nih chuan ‘sputum’ tih awmzia chu eng nge ni?
Phlegm hi i lung chhungah mucus thick tak a ni a, chu chu i lung chhungah a lo awm khawm thin. ‘Sputum’ kan ti tlangpui bawk. I lung emaw thawkna kawng emawa natna khirh tak leh natna hrik i neih avangin hetiang mucus hi i nei thei a ni.
Hei hi i ka chhunga hmui awm nen a danglam a ni . Mucus hian kan immune system atanga cell a pai a. Heng cell te hian lung chhunga hrik lut tawh te chu an do thin. Mucus hi a thim a, chuvang chuan natna hrik te chu an inzawm tlat a, an inzawm tlat thin. Tichuan, kan thawkna kawngah sam ang chi (cilia) te tak te te hian he mucus hi kan hmuiah a rawn nawr chho leh a. Chumi hnuah chuan kan khuh thei a, kan hnawtchhuak thei bawk.
Engvangin nge doctor chuan he sputum test hi a rawt ang?
He test hian thil tum lian tak tak engemaw zat a nei a.
1. Diagnosis siam rawh
He test hian i lung leh thawkna kawngah natna i neih leh neih loh a hriat theih nan a pui a, a awm a nih chuan eng hrik nge a thlen tih hriat theih a ni bawk. He test hmanga hriat theih natna langsar thenkhat chu:
- Pneumonia: Hei hi lung natna khirh tak a ni.
- Tuberculosis (TB): Hei hi bacteria bik avanga lung natna hrik kai a ni bawk. Enkawl that loh chuan taksa peng dangah a darh thei a ni.
- Bronchiectasis: Hei hi thawkna kawng a tawi a, lung hnathawh a tlahniam thin.
2. Enkawlna tur ruahmanna siam
Eng natna hrik nge natna thlentu tih chiang taka i hriat hnu chuan i doctor chuan i tan enkawlna tha ber a pe thei ang.Thlang. Chu chu, chu hrik that thei antibiotic thlan kawngah nasa takin a pui tihna a ni. A chang chuan, he test hian chu natna hrik tan chuan eng antibiotic nge a tha ber tih leh a that thei tih hriat theih nan a pui thei bawk (susceptibility testing).
3. Natna dinhmun enfiah
He test hian hun kal zelah i dinhmun a ṭhat leh ṭhat loh hriat theih nan a pui bawk. Hei hian i doctor-in damdawi a pek chu a thawk tha em tih i hmu thei tihna a ni.
Engtikah nge smear test ka mamawh?
I doctor chuan lung natna na tak, pneumonia ang chi symptoms i neih chuan he test hi a dil thei ang.
| Symptom a ni | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Mucus nen khuh | Dry cough pangngai a ni lo a, mahse i khuh hian thick mucus i nei thin. |
| Khawsik emaw, khawsik emaw neih | Taksa lumna sang emaw, khur emaw. |
| Thâwk harsa (Dyspnea) . | Chau leh thawk harsa tih hriatna. |
| A rilru a na | Thâwk ka lak emaw, ka khuh emaw hian ka rilru a na a. |
| Taksa hah lutuk | Engmah tih theih loh khawpa tanpui theih loh anga inhriatna. |
| Rilru tibuai | Thil thleng leh i awmna hmun hriat chian lohna. |
A tlangpuiin doctor chuan chest X-ray emaw CT scan emaw a ti hmasa ang. Infection, pneumonia ang chi a awm nia a lan chuan eng hrik nge a thlen tih chiang taka hriat theih nan sputum test an ti ang.
Engtin nge he test hi i tih?
Sputum sample lak dan tlangpui pahnih a awm.
1. Deep aspiration hmanga sputum sample lak dan
Hei hi hman tlanglawn ber, non-invasive method a ni.
- A hmasa berin i hmui tuiin silfai turin an ti ang che.
- Tichuan, thawk thuk deuh deuh turin min ti a.
- A dawtah chuan, rilru chhung atanga nasa taka khuh chhuah mucus chu chutiang atana siam cup te tak te bik ah dah tur a ni.
- Mucus tling tur chuan vawi tam tak i tih a ngai mai thei.
Mi thenkhat chuan mucus tihfai harsatna an nei thin. Chutiang hunah chuan doctor emaw nurse emaw chuan i rilruah zawi zawiin a tap thei a, chu chuan mucus chu a tizau thei a ni. A nih loh leh, mucus tihfai puitu salty mist chu an thawk tir thei che a ni.
2. Bronchoscopy hmanga enfiah a ni
A chunga kan sawi tawh ang hian sputum sample lak theih a nih loh chuan doctor chuan he method hi a hmang thei a ni.
- Hei hian i hnar emaw, i hmui emaw hmanga camera dahna tube te tak te, flexible tak chu i lung chhungah i pass a, i thawkna kawng atanga mucus sample lak nghal a ni.
- Chutianga tih a nih hma chuan i rilru hahdamna tur damdawi pek i ni ang a, chu hmun chu a hring vek ang a, chuvang chuan natna i nei lo ang . Chuvangin hlauh a ngai tawh lo.
Test hmain engtin nge ka inbuatsaih ang?
I inbuatsaih dan tur chu sputum sample lakna atana hman danah a innghat ang.
| Tihdan | Inbuatsaih dan tur |
|---|---|
| Kahala sema pek dan |
|
| Bronchoscopy hmanga enfiah a ni |
|
Results hian eng nge a sawi?
Sputum test result hi kawng pawimawh pahnih a awm thei.
- Normal / Negative: Hei hian i sputum sample-ah hian bacteria leh germ tha lo tak tak hmuh tur a awm lo tihna a ni.
- Abnormal / Positive: Hei hian i sputum sample-ah bacteria emaw germ dang emaw hmuh a ni tihna a ni. Report-ah hian eng ang hrik nge a nih leh engzat nge awm tih tarlan a ni bawk ang.
Mahse hei hi hre reng ang che. Positive report i hmuh vang mai mai chuan natna khirh tak a ni tihna a ni lo. I doctor chuan i symptom zawng zawng leh test result dangte chu a ngaihtuah vek ang a, diagnosis dik tak a siam ang. Chuvangin hlauthawng suh la, report chauh atanga thutlukna siam rawh.
Hri lo thang lian zel tur hian hun a duh tlangpui avangin report a thlen theih nan ni engemaw zat a la ngai thei. Results a lo luh chuan doctor chuan a rawn call ang che a, a hrilhfiah ang che.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Sputum culture hi test pawimawh tak leh hman tlanglawn tak a ni a, lung infection thlentu hrik zawng zawng a ni.
- Hei hi khuh thuk tak lak a, mucus sample lak atanga tih a ni tlangpui. Chu chu a theih loh chuan bronchoscopy tih chauh a ni.
- He test hian risk lian tham a keng tel lo va, chuvangin hlauh tur a awm lo.
- Report result eng pawh ni se, i doctor nen inbia la, chiang takin sawi rawh. Internet-a i thil chhiarte hi a ṭul lovah hlau suh.
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