ADEM (Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis) chungchang hi han sawi mai ila: thluak lam natna nasa tak, rang tak, na tak a ni

Nangmah emaw, i fa emaw chuan khawsik emaw, flu emaw neiin ni engemaw zat hnuah a dam leh ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. Mi zawng zawng an hlim laiin, chu natna chu a reh hnu chuan, kar khat emaw kar hnih emaw vel hnuah natna thar a lo intan nghal a. Vawilehkhatah i chakna a hloh a, i mit a tlahniam a, tawng i harsat a, lu na na tak i nei a, i luak chhuak tan ta a ni. Hetiang thil hi lo thleng ta se engtiang chiahin nge kan hlauh ang? Vawiin hian natna khirh tak, hetiang huna rinhlelh theih, awm lo mah se, enkawl vat ngai kan sawi a ni. He natna hi ADEM (Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis) tih a ni.

ADEM (Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis) tih hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, ADEM hi kan central nervous system , chu chu thluak leh ruhro (spinal cord) a inflammation emaw swelling emaw a lo awm nghal mai a ni. Thluak khawsik ang mai a ni.

Hei hi tlem tal i hrethiam zawk ang u. Kan taksa chhunga nerve fiber te hi electric wire ang mai a ni. Electrical wire vel chu plastic khuh a awm a ni lawm ni? Chu chu electric chu dik tak leh rang taka kal theihna tur leh wire humhimtu a ni. Chutiang bawkin kan nerve fiber vel ah hian protective sheath, "myelin" an tih khuhna a awm bawk. He myelin sheath hian message (signal) te chu taksa peng khat atanga hmun dangah nerve kaltlangin rang tak leh dik takin a kal thei a ni.

ADEM-ah chuan kan taksa hriselna (immune system) hian he myelin sheath hi a bei sual a ni. Tichuan a chhe leh chhe tan ta a ni. Electric wire-a plastic chu a lo chhuak tawh ang bawkin. Tichuan nerve message te chu a kal tha tawk lo. Chuvang chuan ke ruh leh ke ruh tliak, mitdel, leh tawng harsa tih ang chi symptoms a awm thin.

He natna hi ‘acute’ an ti a, a chhan chu a natna lan chhuah dan a lo lang nghal a, ni rei lote chhungin a lang chhuak thin. Tin, dam chhungin vawi khat chauh a awm tlangpui bawk. Mahse, a lo lang leh thei lo hle.

ADEM natna lan chhuah dante chu engte nge ni?

ADEM natna lan chhuah dan hi a inang lo thei hle a, chu chu nervous system eng hmun nge a nghawng tih a zirin a ni. Mahse, virus emaw bacteria emaw infection (flu, measles, emaw chickenpox ang chi) a reh hnu kar khat emaw kar hnih emaw vel hnuah an lo lang tlangpui.

Hriatthiam awlsam zawk nan heng features te hi hmun hnih ah then ila.

Heng symptoms nasat dan hi mi hrang hrangah a inang lo thei. Ṭhenkhat tan chuan an nêm a, anmahni chauhin an kal bo thei a, ṭhenkhat tan chuan damdawi ina dah ngai khawpa na an ni thei bawk.

Engvangin nge hetiang thil hi a lo thlen?

ADEM hi a chhan dik tak hi 100% in hriat a la ni lo a, mahse doctor leh scientist te chuan kan taksa hriselna (immune system) a tha lo vang niin an ngai .

Hetiang hian i hrethiam ang u. Kan immune system hi kan ram sipai ang a ni. He sipai hna chu pawn lam atanga lo chhuak virus leh bacteria ang chi hmelma te hriatchhuah leh beih a, natna laka min humhim hi a ni. Mahse ADEM-a thil thleng chu he sipai hian tihsual tlemte an nei a ni. Ram chhunga hmêlma lo lut (entir nan, flu virus) an do zawh hnu chuan kan nervous system-a myelin sheath chu hmêlma anga ngaihin an bei ṭan ta a ni. Mahni ram chhunga sipai hmunpui beih ang mai a ni a, hmelma sipai anga ngaihin i bei ang. Hei hi ‘autoimmune reaction’ an ti a. He attack hian nervous system ah inflammation leh swelling a siam thin.

ADEM vei zinga 70% leh 80% inkar chuan natna lan chhuah hmain natna kai an nei thin. ADEM hmaa hri kai tam ber chu:

• Influenza (Flu) a awm thei lo.
• Measles natna a ni
• Mumps a awm
• Rubella chuan a rawn ti a
• Vawk natna (Chickenpox) a awm
• Epstein-Barr virus a ni

Tun hnaia thil hmuhchhuah dang chu naupang thenkhat chuan ADEM an vei thei tih hi a ni.Tin, MOGAD (Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease) tih hming pu natna hi a chhan pawh a ni thei bawk. Hei hi immune system nena inzawm condition bik dang a ni.

Engtin nge ADEM hi hmuhchhuah a nih?

I doctor chuan i symptoms chungchang chipchiar takin a zawt hmasa ang che a, neurological examination a ti ang che. Chumi hnuah chuan ADEM hmuhchhuah a nih leh nih loh finfiah nan test eng emaw zat an nei ang a, chutiang bawka chhinchhiahna awm thei dinhmun dang pawh an paih chhuak ang.

Test tih ber berte chu:

1. MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) hmanga tih theih a ni.

MRI chu magnetic field chak tak leh radio wave hmanga kan thluak leh ruhro chipchiar tak tak thlalakna a ni. X-ray a hmang lo. ADEM vei MRI scan-ah chuan myelin sheath (lesions) chhiatna hmunte chu chiang takin white spot angin a lang thei. Doctor chuan heng spot awmna hmun leh a nihna a en ang a, ADEM a ni em tih a hre ang.

2. Spinal Tap / Lumbar Puncture tih a ni

A hming hian mi thenkhat a ti hlauhawm thei a, mahse fimkhur taka test a ni a, i doctor-in a tih tur a ni. Chu chu i sir lamah i hawitir a, i hnungzang hnuai lamah needle te tak te dahin i thluak leh i ruhro vel a tui sample tlemte lak a ngai a , chu chu cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) an ti a ni . ADEM vei te hian immune system cell an pung a, a bik takin thisen var an nei a. Hei hian natna finfiah nan a \angkai hle thei a ni.

Hei bakah hian thisen test pawh an nei bawk.

ADEM enkawl dan tur chu engte nge ni?

ADEM enkawlna tum ber chu thluak leh ruhroa inflammation tihziaawm thuai a, immune system a tihchhiat lohna tura tihtawp a ni. Chutiang ti thei tur chuan i doctor chuan enkawlna engemaw zat a hmang thei ang.

Eng chen nge a dam leh theih ang? Eng ang thlirna nge ni ang?

Hei hi mi zawng zawng rilrua zawhna lian ber a ni. ADEM chungchanga thu lawmawm ber chu he natna vei hmuhchhuah tam zawk hi an dam kim emaw, an dam kim hnai emaw tih hi a ni .

Mi tam zawk chuan enkawlna an tan atanga ni engemaw zat chhungin an dam tan thin. Mahse, a natna lanchhuahna nasat dan azirin a dam kim theih nan thla engemaw zat, a chang chuan thla 6 thleng a ngai thei. A tlem hle a, mi thenkhat chuan mit lama harsatna tenau emaw, rilru hahna emaw an nei chhunzawm zel thei.

Engtikah nge doctor i hmuh ang?

Nangmah emaw, i chhungte zinga mi emaw, a bik takin naupang emaw hian khawsik emaw, flu emaw ang chi natna atanga a dam leh hnua kan sawi tawh ang chi natna lanchhuahna hi i neih chuan, tihkhawtlai lohvin doctor pan nghal rawh.

• Thil hriatna hloh nghal mai
• Kal theih lohna emaw, tlu thei lo emaw
• Blurred emaw, mit hmuhna hloh emaw
• Thusawi harsa
• A chhan awm lova seizures

Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan in lama awm mai maiin thil pangngai anga ngaih suh. A tha ber chu damdawi in, a bik takin Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)-ah a rang thei ang bera kal hi a ni. A chhan chu heng natna chi hrang hrangah hian enkawl tan a nih chuan a dam leh theihna chance a sang zawk a ni.