I Tleirawl Hmasawnna: Hêng Inthlâk danglamnate hi I Hriat Em?

Naupang tê tê, i chunga innghat tlat leh i thusawi zawng zawng ngaithla ṭhin kha a lo danglam thut mai niin i hria em? Engkim maiah a thinrim em em a, a pindanah a awm a, kawngkhar a khar a, thiante chungchang a ni vek a, i thusawi ngaithla lo em ni? Lungngai suh. Hei hi nu leh pa tam takin an tawn thin a ni. Tunah chuan i fa hian naupan lai a zo tawh a, puitlin kawngah pawh thil pawimawh tak a thleng tawh a ni. Hei hi "tleirawl" kan ti a. Hemi hun chhunga inthlak danglamna kan hriat chian chuan naupang tan pawh he zinkawng hi nangmah tan pawh awlsam zawkin kan siam thei ang.

A awlsam zawngin, tleirawl chu eng nge ni?

Tleirawl lai hi naupan lai leh puitling inkara inthlak danglamna hun a ni. Hemi hun chhung hian i fa taksa, thluak, rilru put hmang leh khawtlang inlaichinna te hian inthlak danglamna tam tak a tawk thin. Chûng inthlâk danglamnate chu a châng chuan a rang thei hle. Heng inthlak danglamna tlan chak dan hi naupang hrang hrangah a inang lo. Hei hi i fa tan chuan hun hlimawm leh harsa tak a ni thei. Hetih lai hian i fa chu zawi zawiin nangmah atanga innghat lovin a awm tan a, tu nge an nih a hmuchhuak tan thin.

Taksa inthlak danglamna lian ber ber

Naupang tleirawl laia a taksa a inthlak danglamna hi ``Puberty`` kan ti a, heng taksa inthlak danglamna te hi he hun chhunga naupang thluak atanga hormone thenkhat siam chhuah avanga lo awm a ni.

Hetih hun chhung hian naupang chu a lo sang chho leh ta thut mai a. Hei hi `(Growth Spurt)` kan ti a. Tin, thawmhnaw a tipung a, hmai vun a lo lang a, taksa sam (armpits, private areas) a lo thang lian bawk. A tlangpuiin, he growth spurt hi hmeichhiaah hian mipa aiin a thleng hma zawk thin. Hmeichhia chu kum 10-14 inkarah an thang chak zawk a, mipa erawh chu kum 14-17 inkarah an sang zawk thung.

Heng danglamna lian ber berte hi table pakhatah han thlir ila.

Puberty a intan hma lutuk (hmeichhia tan kum 8 hma, mipa tan kum 9 hma) emaw, a tlai lutuk (hmeichhiain kum 14 a tlin hmaa symptoms a neih loh chuan, mipa naupangin kum 15 a tlin hmaa symptoms a neih loh chuan) doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni. Heng dinhmunte ngaihthah hian i fa ruh than dan leh a san zawng a nghawng thei a ni.

Thluak chhunga thil thleng (cognitive changes) te

Tleirawl lai hian naupang thluak hi naupan lai aiin a thang chak zawk hle. Naupang a naupan lai chuan an hmuh theih leh khawih theih thilte chauh an ngaihtuah thei a. Chu chu "Hetiang hian a lang" tih chauh an ngaihtuah thei tihna a ni.

Mahse, tleirawl an thlen meuh chuan naupangte chuan chu aia nasa zawk chu an ngaihtuah tan ta a ni. Thil thuk zawk, nuanced zawkin an ngaihtuah thei a, chu chu "Hetiang hi a thleng lo a nih chuan engtin nge ni ang?" leh "Engvangin nge heng thilte hi hetiang hian a lo awm?" (Abstract Thinking) tih a ni. Chu chu an hmuh piah lam thudik a awm thei tih an hrethiam tihna a ni. Mahse, "Ka ngaihdan chu a dik" tih theihna dinhmunah an ding reng a ni.

Engvangin nge hna risky tak tak an thawh nghal?

Hei hi naupang thluak hmalam, ``Frontal Cortex`` , chu a lo thanglian kim hnuhnung ber a nih vang a ni. He part hi a puitlin theih nan kum 25 vel a ngai a ni.

He thluak hmun hian kan executive functions a control a ni . A awlsam zawngin:

• Ruahmanna siam
• Thil pawimawhte dah pawimawh hmasak
• Impulse Control a ni

He part hi a la lo thanglian zel avangin, i fa chu a chang chuan ngaihtuah lovin thil ti turin a thlem thei a, risk a la thei bawk (e.g., a thiante nen bike khalh, an hriat loh thil tih tum) , leh mood swings a tawk fo thin

Tleirawl hian he thluak hmalam lam hi hmang lovin impulse hmanga thil a tih hian ``Hot Cognition`` an ti a. Emotion atanga thutlukna siam. Mahse, logic leh reflection hmanga thutlukna siam hi ``Cold Cognition`` an ti a. Nu leh pate chuan an fa chu he ``Hot Cognition`` atanga ``Cold Cognition`` lama kal turin an pui thei a ni. Lecture ai chuan naupang thusawi chu lainatna nen ngaithla la, zawhna zawt la, ngaihtuah turin fuih rawh.

Emotional leh Social lama inthlak danglamna

Hemi hun chhung hian naupangte hian mahni rilru put hmang ang bawkin midangte rilru put hmang hriatthiam leh enkawl dan an zir thin. Anmahni theihna leh miziate chu an hmuchhuak tan ta a ni. Naupang thenkhat chuan heng harsatna tharte hi hlim takin an pawm a. Mahse, mi dangte chuan mahni inrintawkna siam tûrin i hnên aṭangin ṭanpuina tam zâwk an mamawh mai thei.

Engtin nge mahni inngaihhlutna hi siam a nih?

Heng taksa, hormone leh emotion-a inthlak danglamna hian naupang mahni inngaihhlutna chu direct-in a nghawng a ni. An puitlin hun an thlen chuan an taksa chu an zahpui thei a, chu chu an rualpuite aiin a hma emaw, a hnu emaw pawh a ni thei. "Ṭhiante zinga hnawhchhuah loh nih" hi tun dinhmunah chuan an tan a pawimawh hle.

Hei hi naupangin mahni inngaihhlutna a siam dan chu a ni:

• Tisual a ni.
• Chu tihsual atang chuan zir chhuah.
• Mahni thiltih avanga mawhphurhna lak.

Tu nge i nih leh khawtlang nun zawn chhuahna zinkawng

Naupangin tleirawl laia a tih lian ber chu an nihna zawn chhuah hi a ni. He zinkawng hi dam chhung zawnga zinkawng ni tak tak ni mah se, he hun atang hian a intan a ni. He identity zawn rual hian zalenna sualna pawh a lo thleng ve bawk . Hengte hi i hmu mai thei:

• Mipa leh hmeichhia leh inngaizawngte ngaihvenna lantir.
• Harsatna an neih chuan tanpuina an dil tlem zawk che a ni.
• Mahni nena hun hman tlem leh thiante nena hun hman tam.
• A châng chuan, lungkhamna, lungngaihna, leh lungngaihna ang chi dinhmun a awm thei bawk. Chûngte chuan sikul hnathawh a tibuai thei a, thil hlauhawm tak tak a thlen thei bawk.

Social media hian eng nge nghawng a neih?

Tunlai tleirawlte chunga social media-in nghawng a neih hi thil tenawm tak a ni lo. Hemi kawngah hian thil tha leh tha lo tak tak a awm vek a ni.

• Cyberbullying: Internet hmanga midangte tihmualpho leh sawichhiatna.
• Inthlauhna: Instagram leh TikTok-a midangte nun "perfect" tak takte nena i nun tehkhin avanga nangmah beidawnna.
• Thupui dik lo: Kum nena inmil lo, tharum thawhna lam thila inhnamhnawih.
• Khawtlang nun thiamna tak tak hloh: Online-a inbiakna leh hmaichhana inbiakna hi a inang lo. Facial expression leh body language hriatthiam theihna a tlahniam a.

Heng zawng zawng hian naupang chu mahni inngaihhlutna, lungkhamna leh lungngaihna a thlen thei a ni.

Dik leh dik lo leh nungchang inthlak danglamna

Hemi hun chhung hian naupangin khawvel a thlir dan chu a thuk zawk a ni. Thutlukna siam zawng zawng hi "black or white" a ni lo tih an hrethiam. Engvângin nge mi dangte’n anmahni aia thu tlûkna danglam an siam tih an ngaihtuah ṭan a, chu chuan lainatna a siam . Khawvelin dan a neih chhan hriatthiamna thuk zawk an nei thin. Thil dik leh dik lo chungchangah mahni ngaihdan an siam chhuak thin. Hetih lai hian sakhua chungchâng pawh ngun takin an ngaihtuah ṭan mai thei bawk. Hun remchang i neih apiangin i fa hnenah heng thupui te hi sawipui thin ang che. I fa ngaihtuahna i hriat rualin nangmah ngeiin i ngaihdan sawi rawh.

Nu leh pa angin eng nge i tih theih?

Tleirawl lai hi nang leh i fa tan pawh hun harsa tak a ni thei. Mahse in pahnih in inhriatthiam tum chuan in in chu indona hmun a nih loh nan in dang thei a ni. I tanpui theihna tur tips thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Ngun takin ngaithla rawh: I fain a biak che hian i thil tih (i phone en, TV en) chu rei lo te chhung dah bo la, i fa thusawi chu i ngaihven kim vek ang.
• Muangchangin awm rawh: I fa thusawi chu ngaithla la, i hrethiam tih hriattir rawh. A nungchang chu a dik lo a nih pawhin a rilru put hmang hriatthiam tum ang che.
• Zahawm takin thu sawi rawh: I fate chu mi hriat lohte i biak ang bawkin zahawm tak leh ngilnei takin sawi rawh. I aw tone hian inbiakna zawng zawng tone a siam a.
• Thupui engmah khar suh: I fa chu eng thil pawh a sawipui thei che tih rinna pe rawh. Nu leh pa "Open/Approachable" ni rawh.
• I fate mualpho suh: Zawhna emaw, naupan lai anga i ngaih comment emaw chu nuihzat suh. Chu ai chuan an ngaihdan ngaithla la, dik takin i ngaihdan sawi rawh.
• Mahni inrintawkna siam turin tanpui rawh: I fate thawhrimna chu fak rawh. An duhzawng thiltih (nangmah ni lovin)-a tel turin fuih rawh. Naupang thil \ha tih theihnghilhin thil \ha lo lam kan ngaihtuah fo \hin. I fain thil tha a hmuh chuan fak la, chutiang bawka ti lehzual turin fuih bawk ang che.
• I ngaihdan ka challenge ang:Naupangte hian i ngaihdan leh i thil tih dan an dodal hi thil pangngai tak a ni. Mahni identity siam chhuah an duh chuan nangmah laka innghat lovin ngaihtuahna an zir a ngai a ni.

Naupangte tan thurawn tlem

He thuziak chhiartu tleirawl an awm a nih chuan nangmah pawh sawi tur ka nei a ni:

• I nu leh pate hi hmelma angin en suh: an hmangaih em em che a ni. An lantir dan hi i pawm lo a nih pawhin i tana tha ber tur niin an ngai mai thei.
• Anmahni pawh hrethiam rawh: I nu leh pate pawh hi mi pangngai, mahni harsatna, mamawh leh rilru put hmang nei an ni tih hriatthiam tum ang che.
• I rilru put hmang sawi rawh: I ngaihtuahna i hrilh chuan an hriatthiam a awlsam zawk.
• I mawhphurhna hlen chhuak rawh: In leh sikula i mawhphurhna i hlen chhuah chuan i nu leh pate chuan i duh ang zalenna pek che hi an ngaihtuah nawn leh dawn lo.
• I nu leh pate chu zah takin enkawl rawh: I ṭhiante nu leh pate i enkawl ang bawkin i nu leh pate chu zah leh ngilnei takin cheibâwl rawh.

Tleirawl lai hi i fain puitling a nih chhoh zel avangin hun hlimawm leh lungkhamthlak tak a ni. Heng inthlak danglamna te hi a thleng rang em em a, a chang chuan zinkawng pawh a awlsam lo hle. Taksa inthlak danglamna atanga rilru lam inthlak danglamna thlengin, i tih theih tha ber chu anmahni thlawp a, khawvela an nihna leh an hmun an hmuhchhuah hunah an tan awm reng hi a ni.