Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) chungchang hi a awlsam zawngin i zir dawn nia.

Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) tih hi i hre tawh em? He hming hi a buaithlak deuhin a ri mai thei. Mahse, lungngai suh, hei hi cancer chi khat hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni. Vawiin hian ALCL chu eng nge a nih, engtin nge a lo awm dan, a natna lan chhuah dan te, a enkawl dan tur te, leh thil dang tam tak chu awlsam takin i hriatthiam theih turin kan sawi dawn a ni. Thian nena inbiakna ang maiin.

ALCL (Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma) hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, ALCL hi cancer chi khat, a awm lo, a awm lo hle a, cancer pawl lian zawk Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma -ah a tel a ni. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma zawng zawng ang bawkin ALCL pawh hi cancer chi khat a ni tih i hria em? Kan taksaa thisen var chi khat lymphocytes an tih chu thunun theih loha a lo thang lian a, a nih tur aia rang zawka a lo thang lian hian a thleng thin.

Heng lymphocyte te hi kan taksaa sipai te tak te angin han ngaihtuah teh. Kan taksa hriselna (immune system)-a tel an ni a, hrik leh natna laka min vengtu an ni. Lymphocyte chi hnih a awm a, chungte chu B cells leh T cells te an ni. ALCL-ah chuan i T lymphocytes, a nih loh leh T cells te chu a lo thang lian lo hle.

Tunah chuan he hming "anaplastic large cell lymphoma" tih hi eng nge a awmzia kan en ang.

• Anaplastic : He thumal hian microscope hmanga en chuan heng cancer cell te hi T lymphocyte cell hrisel tak tak nena khaikhin chuan mak tak leh danglam takin an lang tihna a ni. An pianzia leh an pianhmang chu tihdanglam vek ang mai a ni.
• Large Cell : Chumi awmzia chu T lymphocyte awm dan pangngai lo chu T cell pangngai aiin a lian zawkin a lang tihna a ni. He danglamna hi microscope hmangin chiang takin a lang.
• Lymphoma : Lymphoma hi thisen var, lymphocyte an tih, thunun loha lo thanglian zel avanga lo awm a ni. ALCL hi T lymphocytes atanga lo piang chhuak bik a ni.

Hrethiam e? A awlsam zawngin, ALCL hi cancer a ni a, T cells te chu a pangngai lo taka lian, inthlak danglam leh thunun theih loha lo thang lian a ni.

ALCL chi hrang hrang a awm em?

Ni e, ALCL chi hrang hrang a awm. Chungte chu i taksaa cancer awmna hmun leh cancer cell awm dan azirin classified a ni.

Systemic ALCL a ni

Hei hi a chipui ber a ni. "Systemic" tih hian taksa pum a nghawng thei tihna a ni. I lymph nodes , emaw kan tih angin "glands" te, leh i liver leh lung ang chi chhungril lam thil te, a chang chuan i vun te pawh a nghawng thei bawk.

Systemic ALCL hi chi hnih ah then a ni. Pakhat chu ``Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK)'' gene an tih gene pakhatah mutation a awm leh awm loh atanga chhut a ni. Genes hi kan cell-te tana zirtirna bu te tak te ang mai a ni a, heng genes te hian T lymphocyte pawh hnathawh dan tur a hrilh a ni.

• ALK-positive ALCL: Hei hi cancer chi khat a ni a, ALK gene-ah mutation a awm a. Hei hi cancer na tak a ni fo thin. Mahse, naupang leh tleirawl puitlingah a tam zawk . Vanneihthlak takin he chi hian chemotherapy a dawng tha hle a ni .
• ALK-negative ALCL : Hetiang chi hian ALK gene mutation a nei lo. Hei hi cancer lian chak tak (aggressive) a ni bawk. Mahse, a tam zawk chu kum upa lam , a tlangpuiin kum 60 chunglamte a ni. Hetiang chi hi chemotherapy hnuah remission-ah a kal thei a, chutah chuan a lo lang leh thei bawk. Chuvangin ALK-negative ALCL hi enkawl a harsa zawk a, ALK-positive ALCL aiin prognosis a chhe zawk bawk.

ALCL chi dang

ALCL chi hrang hrang, systemic type aiin a thang zawi zawk bawk.

• Primary cutaneous ALCL : Hei hi vun a nghawng ber chi a ni. Symptoms, blisters, bumps, leh eczema te pawh a awm thei. A tam zawkah chuan (90% vel) vun pawn lamah a darh lo.
• Breast implant-associated ALCL (BIA-ALCL) : Hei hi ALCL chi khat, hnute implant vel a lo awm thin a ni. A tlangpuiin hnute tihpun emaw, hnute siam thar emaw a nih hnu kum 10 vel hnuah a ni.

Tuin nge ALCL dawng?

Kum eng pawhah ALCL hi lo awm thei mahse, chi thenkhat chuan pawl thenkhat a nghawng nasa zawk.

• ALK-positive ALCL : Hei hian preschool-aged naupang, tleirawl, leh puitling naupang kum 20 leh 30 inkar te a nghawng tam ber . Mipa ah a tam zawk .
• ALK-negative ALCL : Hei hian kum 60 chunglam a nghawng ber a, mipaah ​​pawh a tam deuh hlek bawk.
• Primary cutaneous ALCL : Hei hi puitling kum 40 chunglam ah a awm tam ber a, mipa leh mipa var ah a tam zawk.
• BIA-ALCL : Hei hi kum 50 hnuai lam atanga hmuhchhuah a ni tlangpui . Silicone leh saline breast implant pahnih nei tawhteah a lo awm thei a ni. A bik takin textured breast implants nen a inzawm tih hmuhchhuah a ni .

ALCL hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

ALCL hi a takah chuan cancer hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni. Puitlingah non-Hodgkin lymphomas zinga 2% vel chauh hi ALCL a ni tih hmuhchhuah a ni. Chu chu percentage tlemte chauh a ni.

ALCL natna lan chhuahna chu engte nge ni?

ALCL natna lan chhuah dan hi a chi hrang hrangah a inang lo.

Systemic ALCL natna lan chhuah dan

ALK-positive leh ALK-negative ALCL-ah te hian cancer lo lian zelna hmunah hian lymph node hring (swellen lymph nodes) a awm fo thin. I kawr, i kawrfual, a nih loh leh i kawrfual ang chi hmunah chuan hnim hring ang maiin an awm thei . A lan chhuah dan dangte chu:

• Khawsik fo thin.
• Chau lutuk tih hriat (`Fatigue`).
• Zan lama thawk hah (`Zan lama thawmhnaw`).
• Sawifiah loha taksa rihna tlahniam.

Mi tam zawkin an vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan cancer hi a darh zau deuh mai thei a, chu chu `advanced stage`-ah a awm tihna a ni. Chutiang a nih chuan, cancer chu i lung, i thin, a nih loh leh i ruh ang chi taksa peng hrang hrangah a darh tawh mai thei. Tichuan, a natna vei taksa peng hrang hrang a zirin symptoms a awm thei bawk. Entirnan, i rilru a tight emaw, i khuh fo chuan ALCL hian i rilru a nghawng a ni thei.

Primary cutaneous ALCL awm dan

Hetiang chi ah hian vun inthlak danglamna hi hmuh tur a awm.

• Vun hmun khat emaw, a aia tam emaw-ah hian bumps sen danglam tak tak, sen emaw, sen hring emaw a lo lang a, hun kal zelah a lian chho thei bawk.
• Raised lumps , pawisa fai aia lian zawk. Hengte hi a chang chuan a itchy thei bawk.
• Bumps chu a na thei a , chutah chuan scab ah a lo chang thei bawk .

BIA-ALCL (Breast Implant-Associated ALCL) te mizia 1.1.

Hetah hian hnute lama inthlak danglamna chiang tak hmuh tur a awm.

• Hnute na.
• Hnute a hring chhuak.
• Skin rash emaw eczema emaw a awm.
• I hnute implant bulah swelling emaw fluid a awm khawm emaw.
• Breast implant bulah solid mass a awm.

Heng inthlak danglamna hi hnute pakhatah hmuh tur a awm tlangpui a, mahse a chang chuan hnute pahnihah hian inthlak danglamna a awm thei.

Eng thilin nge ALCL hi a thlen?

ALCL hi a hmaa kan sawi tawh lymphocyte cells te chu thunun theih loha an pung a, an chhehvela tissue hrisel tak tak kaltlanga an lo thang lian tan hian a lo awm thin. Heng lymphocyte cells te hi cancer (malignant cells) an nih chhan hi zirchiangtute chuan an la hre chiang lo.

Mahse, ALCL-a hmuh fo thin genetic mutations engemaw zat an hmuchhuak a ni. Heng genetic mutations te hian cell hrisel te chu cancer cell ah a chantir thei niin an ngai.

Entirnan, ALK-positive ALCL ziarang ber chu ALK gene-a mutations a ni . Chutiang bawkin ALCL chi dang dangah pawh gene mutation dang a awm fo bawk.

Engtin nge ALCL hi hmuhchhuah a nih? (Diagnosis) tih a ni.

I doctor chuan taksa enfiahna a nei hmasa ang a, ALCL chhinchhiahna, lymph node hring ang chi te a enfiah ang. Hei hi an rinhlelh chuan test leh procedure hrang hrang eng emaw zat an ti ang.

• Imaging tih dan tur: Hengte hian cancer awmna hmun hriat theihna kawngah a pui thei a ni. Imaging test chi hrang hrang i mamawh chu ALCL chi hrang hrang a zirin a inang lo ang. I doctor chuan chest X-ray , CT scan , emaw MRI emaw hmangin tumor a zawng thei ang. PET/CT scan emaw PET scan emaw hmangin cancer hi taksa pumpuiah a darh tawh em tih hriat theih a ni. BIA-ALCL rinhlelh a nih chuan hnute ultrasound tih theih a ni.
• Bloodwork : Doctor chuan thisen test hrang hrang, complete blood count (CBC) te a ti ang a, ALCL chhinchhiahna a awm leh awm loh a enfiah ang. Thisen cell (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets) awm zat a dik lo a nih chuan ALCL chhinchhiahna a ni thei. Thisenah hian enzyme thenkhat leh marker dang an zawng bawk ang, hengte hi ALCL chhinchhiahna a nih theih bawk avangin.
• Biopsy : ALCL a awm tih finfiah theihna awmchhun chu biopsy neih hi a ni. Biopsy-ah chuan doctor chuan rinhlelh awm tissue sample te tak te a la a, microscope hmangin a enfiah thin. Heng cell te hi a zirchian hian doctor chuan eng ALCL chi nge i neih tih chiang takin a hre thei a ni. Hei hian enkawlna \ha ber tur ruahmanna siam nan a pui bawk.

ALCL hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

Systemic ALCL enkawl dan tlangpui chu chemotherapy a ni . Primary cutaneous ALCL leh BIA-ALCL te tan chuan surgery hi enkawlna tha ber a ni.

Systemic ALCL enkawl dan

ALK-positive leh ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphomas te hian systemic chemotherapy an dawng tha tlangpui. Systemic chemotherapy-ah hian cancer that thei damdawi chu vein kaltlangin pek a ni a, chu chu thisen kaltlangin taksa pum puiah a kal a, cancer cells te chu a that thei a ni.

Systemic ALCL tan chemotherapy hi damdawi chi hrang hrang inzawmkhawm hmanga cancer cell tihhlumna atana thawk ho a ni fo thin. Entirna thenkhat chu:

• BV-CHP : Hei hian damdawi `Brentuximab Vedotin`, `Cyclophosphamide`, `Doxorubicin (Hydroxydaunorubicin)`, leh `Prednisone` te a huam a ni.
• CHOP : Hei hian damdawi `Cyclophosphamide`, `Doxorubicin (Hydroxydaunorubicin)`, `Vincristine (Oncovin®)`, leh `Prednisone` tih te hman a huam a ni.
• CHEOP : Hei hi damdawi `Cyclophosphamide`, `Doxorubicin (Hydroxydaunorubicin)`, `Etoposide`, `Vincristine (Oncovin®)`, leh `Prednisone` tih te hman a ni.

Heng enkawlnate hian hun rei lote chhungin cancer chhinchhiahna zawng zawng a bo vek thei tlangpui (hei hi `remission` kan ti).("Relapse" an ti) Mahse, cancer chu a lo let leh thei. I doctor chuan cancer hi a lo let leh mai thei niin a ngai a nih chuan remission i nih laiin stem cell transplant i rawt thei ang. Stem cell transplant hian chemotherapy hmanga tihchhiat tawh cell te chu cell hrisel tak takin a thlak a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan heng cell hrisel tak takte hian thisen cell hrisel (cancer nei lo) an siam chhuak leh thin.

Cancer a lo let leh chuan i doctor chuan lymphoma enkawlna atana ruahman chemotherapy treatment dang hrang hrang a rawt thei ang.

Primary cutaneous ALCL enkawl dan

Hei hi enkawlna tlanglawn ber chu surgery a ni . Cancer chu lymph node-ah a darh tawh a nih chuan radiation therapy pawh i mamawh thei bawk . Radiation therapy hian cancer cell-te chu chakna a thlen a, a tichhia a ni.

Primary cutaneous ALCL hi enkawl a nih atanga kum nga chhungin a lo lang leh thei fo thin. Chutiang a nih chuan surgery leh radiation therapy a ngai leh dawn a ni.

Operation hmanga lakchhuah theih loh localized tumor i neih chuan emaw, cancer a lo let leh zel a nih chuan enkawlna dang i mamawh mai thei. Chûng zîngah chuan:

• Oral Methotrexate : Non-Hodgkin lymphoma enkawlna atana hman thin damdawi a ni.
• Bexarotene : T-cell lymphoma vun tibuaitu enkawlna atana hman thin damdawi a ni.
• Brentuximab Vedotin : Systemic ALCL leh ALCL lo lang leh chi dangte enkawlna atana hman thin damdawi a ni.
• Interferon : I immune system-in cancer cells, lymphoma te pawh a hriat theih nan leh a do theitu damdawi a ni.

BIA-ALCL enkawl dan tur

BIA-ALCL hi a tlangpuiin i hnute implant leh a chhehvela cancer cell awm zawng zawng paih chhuah nan operation hmanga tihdam theih a ni. Surgery tih theih a nih loh chuan cancer cell te tihlum nan radiation therapy pek theih a ni.

Cancer chu a lo let leh emaw, hnute pawnah a darh emaw a nih chuan i doctor chuan ALK-negative ALCL enkawlna atana hman tur chemotherapy treatment a rawt thei ang. Chung zingah chuan CHOP chemotherapy leh Brentuximab Vedotin ang chi enkawlna te pawh a tel thei.

ALCL hi engtiang chiahin nge a serious?

Eng chi pawh ni se, ALCL hi cancer na tak a ni a, uluk taka enkawl leh enkawl dan tur dik tak a ngai a ni. Mahse, i prognosis leh enkawl dan tur chu ALCL i neih chi hrang hrang, enkawlna i dawn dan leh International Prognostic Index (IPI) score-ah te a innghat a ni.

IPI hi oncologist-te siam a ni a, hei hi non-Hodgkin lymphomas lian tham tak, systemic ALCL te pawh huam tel, a chhuah dan tur hrilhfiahna atan a ni. Score hi a hnuaia thil awmte atanga chhut a ni:

• i kum zat.
• Nitin hna i thawh theihna.
• I cancer hi eng chen nge a darh tawh (cancer stage).
• Sebaceous glands a nghawng zat.

Systemic ALCL i neih chuan i IPI score hian i dam leh theihna chance a nghawng dan doctor zawt rawh.

ALCL damchhuahna rate hi engzat nge ni?

Systemic ALCL vei damchhuah zat hi a inang lo hle. ALK-positive ALCL hi ALK-negative ALCL aiin dam rei zawkna nen a inzawm a ni. I cancer chi leh IPI score ang chi thil a zirin ALK-positive ALCL kum nga chhunga dam rei zawng chu 33% atanga 90% inkar a ni thei. Chutiang bawkin ALK-negative ALCL kum nga chhunga dam rei zawng chu 13% atanga 74% inkar a ni thei.

Primary cutaneous ALCL leh BIA-ALCL te hian damchhuahna rate an nei tha hle . Primary cutaneous ALCL hi remission-ah a kal tlangpui a, kum nga chhungin a lo kir leh thin a, mahse, follow-up treatment hian i dam chhung a ti rei thei a ni. Damchhuah zat hi natna hmuhchhuah atanga kum nga hnuah 80% vel a ni. BIA-ALCL-ah chuan operation hmanga cancer chu paih vek a nih chuan cancer chu a bo vek fo thin.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

I doctor zawh tur zawhna pawimawh thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Eng ang ALCL nge ka neih?
• Ka cancer hi hmun khatah chauh a awm em, a nih loh leh a darh tawh em?
• Ka care team-a specialist te hi tute nge ni?
• Eng enkawlna nge min rawt?
• Engtin nge enkawlna avanga side effects te hi ka enkawl ang?
• Ka IPI score hi engzat nge ni?
• Ka cancer hi `remission`-a a luh theihna chance engzat nge ni?
• Ka cancer a lo let leh theihna chance engzat nge awm?
• Ka dinhmun enfiah turin engzat nge follow-up visit neih ka mamawh?

Cancer i vei tih i hriat chuan hlauhna i neih hi thil pangngai a ni. Mahse, hriat reng tur pawimawh ber chu ALCL hi cancer chi khat, a chhuah dan inang lo a ni lo . ALCL i neih chi hian a darh chak leh zawi zawiin a hril a ni. Chu chuan i enkawl dan tur leh i thlirna tur a siam ang. Mi thenkhat ALCL hi a darh chak hle. Midang tan chuan a thang zawi zawi a, cancer control thei tur enkawlna dawng turin hun remchang a pe che a ni. I natna hmuhchhuah dan azirin a chhuah theih dan tur chu i doctor nen sawiho rawh.

I hriat reng tur pawimawh ber berte (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, chuvangin kan sawi tawh atang hian i hriat reng tur pawimawh tak tak thenkhat han khaikhawm ila.

• ALCL hi cancer chi khat hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni a, a chi hrang hrang a awm bawk.
• ALCL chi hrang hrang hi a inang vek lo. Ṭhenkhat chu an darh chak hle a, ṭhenkhat chu zawi zawiin an darh zauh zauh bawk.
• Enkawlna leh dam theihna chance hi ALCL i neih chi hrang hrang, i kum leh i hriselna zawng zawng a zirin a inang lo.
• ALK-positive ALCL hi naupang zawkah awm tam zawk mah se, enkawlna a dawng tha hle.
• ALK-negative ALCL hian puitling a nghawng tam zawk a, enkawl pawh a buaithlak deuh thei bawk.
• Cutaneous ALCL leh breast implant-associated ALCL (BIA-ALCL) te prognosis hi a tlangpuiin a tha hle.
• Hlauthawng suh. Ringhlelna emaw, symptom emaw i neih chuan doctor thurawn la nghal rawh.
• I dinhmun te, i enkawl dan te, leh zawhna i neih apiang chu i doctor nen zalen takin sawipui rawh. Anni hian an pui thei ber che a ni.

Cancer hmuhchhuah zawng zawng hi a nasat dan inang vek a ni lo tih hre reng ang che. ALCL hmang pawh hian, a natna hmuhchhuah dik a, enkawl vat a, enkawl tha a nih pawhin mi tam tak chuan hlawhtlinna an nei thei a ni.

` Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALCL, Lymphoma, Cancer, T Cells, ALK Gene, Chemotherapy hmanga enkawl a ni