I vunah hian a chang chuan vun te te, i na emaw, i nail te chu a dum leh mawi lo a lo ni thin em? "Thrush" tih natna pakhat tan damdawi i ei tawh mai thei. Chung zawng zawng lo awm chhan chu microorganism fungus an tih a ni. Chuvangin vawiin hian heng fungal infection te tan hian doctor ten damdawi an pek thin te hi han sawi ila, chu chu antifungals a ni.
A hmasain, heng fungi te hi eng nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, fungi hi kan chhehvel khawi hmunah pawh hmuh theih microorganism pawl a ni. Chhangphut pakhata "pus" lo awm ang bawkin heng fungi te pawh hi chi hrang hrang `yeast` leh `mold` te an awm bawk. An spore te te hi leiah leh boruakah pawh hmuh tur a awm.
Ngaihtuah teh, hei hi mak tak ni mahse, fungi chi thenkhat chu kan taksaah hian a pianphungah an awm a. Entirnan, `Candida` an tih yeast chi khat hi kan vunah te, kan chaw ei kawngah te, hmeichhe serh ah te harsatna nei lovin a nung a. Mahse, eng emaw chhan vanga hengte hi an lo thang tam lutuk chuan hri kai a awm thin.
Antifungals hi fungal infection control nan emaw, fungal cells tihchhiat nan emaw, an thanlenna tihtawp nan emaw damdawi hman thin a ni.
Tute nge fungal infection vei theihna sang zawk?
Dik tak chuan tu pawhin fungal infection an nei thei a ni. Vun natna kan hmuh tam zawk hi chu fungal infection awlsam tak a ni. Enkawl a awlsam tlangpui.
Mahse, taksa chak lohna neiin fungal infection a neih chuan a pawi zawk thei. Heng hri kai chi hrang hrangte hi `opportunistic infection` kan ti a. Chu chu heng natna hrik te hian taksa chak lo tak chu an hmang tangkai thin tihna a ni. He dinhmun hi a hlauhawm zual hle:
- AIDS vei te tan
- Lupus ang chi autoimmune natna nei tan
- Cancer vei enkawl mekte tan
- Organ transplant nei tawhte tan
- Bone marrow transplant (stem cell transplant) nei tawhte tan chuan .
Eng natna hrik nge antifungals hmanga enkawl?
Antifungals hian natna chi hrang hrang a enkawl a, vun natna tlanglawn atanga natna khirh tak, nunna atana hlauhawm thlengin a enkawl a ni. Hengte hi chi hnih ah then ila.
| Infection chi hrang hrang | Entirnan |
|---|---|
| Vun leh pawn lam natna tlangpui |
|
| Systemic infection na zawk a awm |
He damdawi hian engtin nge hna a thawh?
Antifungals hian hna a thawh dan kawng hrang hrang a awm. I doctor chuan natna chi hrang hrang a zirin damdawi chi hrang hrang tha ber a thlang ang. A bik takin:
- Fungal cell tihchhiat: Damdawi thenkhat (e.g., Polyenes group atanga Nystatin) hian fungal cell wall a tichhia a, a tichhia a ni.
- Fungi thanna tihtawp: Damdawi dang (e.g., ``Azoles`` group atanga Fluconazole) hian fungal cells te chu a inthen darh, a lo thang lian a, a darh zel loh nan a titawp thin.
- Fungal cell wall beih: Damdawi thar zawk (e.g. Echinocandins group atanga Micafungin) te hian fungal cell wall siamna a tibuai a, a tichak lo hle.
Fungicides hman dan tur
Heng damdawi te hi chi hrang hrang a awm a. I doctor chuan i dinhmun a zirin a hman dan tur dik ber a rawn pe ang che.
- Topical: Cream, gel, liquid, leh spray angin vunah hnawih a ni.
- Damdawi ei: Hengte hi pill emaw liquid emaw angin pek thin a ni.
- Injection/IV: Infection na tak takah chuan thisenah (IV) emaw, injection angin emaw pek thin a ni.
- Suppositories: Hengte hi vagina infection atan vagina-ah dah a ni.
Fungicides hian side effect a nei em?
Damdawi dang ang bawkin antifungals hian side effect engemaw zat a nei thei a ni. Mahse, mi zawng zawngin an hmu vek lo. Tin, hengte hi damdawi chi leh a hman dan azirin a inang lo bawk.
| Side effect chi hrang hrang | Ziarang |
|---|---|
| Side effect awm fo thin | - Pum na, pum na leh riltam - Vun a hring, a kang, a hnim hring |
| Rare mahse side effect na tak tak, ngaihven nghal ngai | - Liver chhiatna (mit leh vun sen - Jaundice) . - Allergy na tak (thâwk harsa, hmai hring - Anaphylaxis) - Skin allergy na tak, vun hring leh vun hring (peeling skin) a awm thin |
Pawimawh: Heng side effect na tak tak te hi i tawn chuan damdawi ei kha bansan nghal la, doctor rawn rawh. Chutiang a nih loh chuan damdawi in hnai ber Emergency Department (ETU) ah kal la.
Thil pawimawh tak pakhat: Antifungal Resistance
Hei hi kan hriatthiam vek a ngai a ni. Fungus pakhat "smart" lo ni tawh, kan damdawi pek avanga nghawng a neih loh dan tur zawng chhuak ta han mitthla teh. Hmelmain kan ralthuam tuar thei tur ralthuam a bun ang mai a ni. A awlsam zawngin ‘resistance’ kan ti a, damdawiin fungus a control theih lohna hi a ni.
Hetiang thil a thlen chhan lian tak tak engemaw zat a awm a:
- Hun bituk zawh loh: Doctor-in ni 7 chhung damdawi ei tur a tih chuan ni 3 vel chhunga a natna lanchhuahna a reh hunah damdawi ei kha chawlhsan tur a ni.
- Missed dose: Damdawi a hun taka ei loh.
- Underdosing: A pek aia tlem zawk ei.
- A tul lovah hun rei tak hman.
Hetianga a do theihna hian nakin lawkah nangmah emaw midang emaw hian he fungal infection hi i vei a nih chuan damdawi hman thin hmangin a dam thei dawn lo tihna a ni. Chuvangin damdawi chak zawk, man to zawk, side effect tam zawk nei i hman a ngai dawn a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Doctor rawn hmasa lovin antifungal damdawi hmang ngai suh. Damdawi dawr atangin lei suh.
- Damdawi hi i doctor-in a pek hun chhung zawng, a pek zat angin ei thin ang che. I natna lan chhuah dan a lo tha chho a nih pawhin damdawi chu a hun chhung zawng zawng ei la.
- I tana damdawi an pek chu mi dang hnenah pe ngai suh, chu mi chu i natna lan chhuah dan nen a inang a nih pawhin.
- Damdawi i ei laiin side effect na tak i neih chuan doctor hnenah hriattir nghal rawh.
- Fungicides laka invenna hi hriselna lama harsatna lian tak a ni. Damdawi dik tak hmangin a venna kawngah kan pui thei a ni.
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