I fa chuan a thusawiah chuan slurred sound a siam em? Velopharyngeal Insufficiency (VPI) vang pawh a ni thei!

I naupang tê chuan an thusawi laiin an thusawi chu a slur ang maiin i inhriat ngai em? A nih loh leh, hawrawp ṭhenkhat an sawi hian aw mak tak tak an chhuah em? Naupan laia heng thilte hi thil pangngai anga ngaih ni mah se, a chang chuan hei hi chhan dang a awm thei bawk. Chutiang hunah chuan kan ngaihtuah tur pakhat chu he dinhmun hi `(Velopharyngeal Insufficiency)` an tih hi a ni a, chu chu a tawi zawngin `(VPI)` kan ti bawk. Hemi chungchang hi vawiin hian chipchiar tak leh awlsam takin i sawi dawn nia.

`(Velopharyngeal Insufficiency - VPI)` tih hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin i hrethiam ang u!

A awlsam zawngin `(VPI)` tih hian kan hmui leh hnar inkar kawngkhar chu a khar tha lo tihna a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, kan thusawi emaw, kan ei emaw hian he hawnna hi a khar tha a, ka chhung atangin boruak a chhuak mai tur a ni (aw tam takah). Mahse `(VPI)` veiah chuan he hawnna hi a khar tha lo a, chuvangin ka atanga boruak chhuak tur thenkhat pawh hnar atangin a chhuak bawk. Chuvang chuan a aw chu hnar atanga lo chhuak ang maiin a ri a, thumal thenkhat chu sawi harsa tak a ni.

He hawnna hi damdawi lam chuan ``velopharyngeal sphincter'' an ti a. Kan siam chhuah a ni:

• Hnar hnung lama rilru chunglam (Nasopharynx) .
• Kawng hnunglam (`(Oropharynx)`) .

Parts te inzawmkhawmna hmun. He `(sphincter)` hi zungbun ang maia ruh a ni. Kawngkhar ang maiin a thawk a ni. Kan inbiak hian, kan ei hian a khar nghet hle. `(VPI)`-ah chuan thil thleng chu he kawngkhar, chu chu `(sphincter)` hi structural problem engemaw vangin a khar tha lo a ni.

Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh, tui pipe-a khur te tak te hian tui a chhuah tir thei ang bawkin, he hawnna hi khar tha a nih loh chuan hnar atang hian boruak a "leak" thei a ni. A nasat deuhah chuan ei leh in pawh hnar atang hian a lo chhuak thei a ni.

He `(VPI)` dinhmun hi tuin nge vei tam zawk?

He natna (VPI) hian naupangte a nghawng nasa ber tlangpui a, a bik takin heng ang case-ah hian:

• Congenital palate defects: Nausen thenkhat chu cleft palate (`(Cleft Palate)`) neiin an piang thei. A nih loh leh, a tlangpui aia tawi zawk (`(Abnormally short palate)`) a ni thei bawk. Hetiang thil avang hian kan sawi tak opening hi a insiam tha lo hle.
• Tonsils lian emaw adenoids emaw: Tonsils chu kawchhung lehlam lehlamah gland awm a ni. Adenoids hi hnar hnung lama hrui chunglam atanga gland awm a ni. Chungte chu a lian lutuk chuan a hawnna chu an block thei a ni.
• Genetic conditions: VPI hi genetic condition thenkhat nen pawh a awm thei a, chu chu Down syndrome emaw Neurofibromatosis (nervous system-a cancer ni lo tumor lo awm thin) te hi a ni.
• Nervous system natna avanga taksa chak lohna: Entirnan, ``Cerebral Palsy`` ang chi dinhmunah chuan lu ruhte hian hna a thawk tha lo thei.
• An hmuiah tumor a awm:Lu vuna tumor a awm pawh hi a chhan a ni thei bawk.

Heng bakah hian VPI hi surgery thenkhat emaw cancer enkawlna emaw hnuah pawh a awm thei bawk.

• Adenoidectomy (adenoids paih chhuahna atana surgery) tih a ni.
• Tonsillectomy (tonsil lakchhuahna tur surgery) 1.1.
• Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) hi kawr hnung lama tissue tam lutuk paih chhuakin thawkna kawng zau zawka tihzauh a ni.
• Hetiang dinhmun hi ka emaw hnar leh kawr cancer te radiation therapy an dawn hnu rei vak lovah pawh a awm thei bawk.

A tlem hle a, musician brass emaw woodwind instrument emaw tumtute pawhin "stress VPI" chi khat an siam thei bawk.

He `(VPI)` natna lan chhuah dan hi engte nge ni?

I fain VPI a nei nia i rinhlelh chuan heng symptoms te hi fimkhur rawh:

• Hnar ri: A zia ber chu i thusawi hian i hnar atanga lo chhuak ang maiin a ri a, khawsik mai mai ang maiin a ri thin.
• Thumal emaw, hawrawp emaw thenkhat sawi harsa: A bik takin "ப", "஬", "஗", "த", "஡" (`(p, b, g, t, d)`) ang chi hawrawp kan tih hian, a chiang lo mai thei. Entirnan, "஬ானா" tih hian "மாமா" angin a ri thei a, chu letters aiah chuan whistling ri a ri thei bawk.
• Thusawi laiin hnar atanga thawm danglam tak tak lo chhuak: Thusawi laiin "shhh" ri i hre thei a, hnar atanga choking ri i hre thei bawk.
• Rarely, liquid emaw food emaw hnar atanga lo chhuak (`(regurgitation)`): Hei hi a na deuh deuh a ni. Tui in hnuah, bawnghnute in hnuah, a chang chuan chaw ei hnuah pawh hnar a\angin a chhuak thei a ni.

`(VPI)` nei mi pakhatin thu a sawi hian engtin nge a ri?

Tlem a sawifiah deuh ila, `(VPI)` nei mi pakhatin thu a sawi hian hengte hi a thleng thei a ni:

• Hetah leh khawiah emaw thawnthuah hian a chawl mai mai.
• Aw chu a chiang lo va, a bengchheng ang maiin a ri.
• Hnar atanga thli tleh ri emaw, bengchheng ri awlsam tak emaw, hnar khar ang maia ri emaw.
• I hmui ni lovin i hnar hmanga thu i sawi ang maiin a lang.

Engtin nge doctor-te hian `(VPI)` natna hi an hriat chhuah?

I fain VPI a nei nia i rinhlelh chuan naupang enkawltu emaw, beng, hnar leh beng lama mithiam (ENT specialist) emaw pan a tha ber. Doctor hian a hnuaia test te hi a ti ngei ang:

• Palpation: Palpation hi palate-a thil dik lo awm leh awm loh enfiah nan tih a ni.
• Camera hmanga tube te tak te hmanga enfiah (`(Fiberoptic nasoendoscope)`): Camera te tak te leh light nei tube te tak te chu hnar chhungah dahin, a chhunga `(sphincter)` chu a khar tha em tih enfiah a ni. Hei hi tlem chuan nuam lo deuhin lang mah se, naupang tan chuan a hrehawm vak lo.
• Thusawi thlirletna (`(Speech analysis)`):Naupang thusawi dan ngaithla la, `(VPI)` nena inzawm aw bikte chu a chhuak em tih en rawh. Hemi atan hian speech therapist hnen atangin tanpuina i dawng thei ang.
• X-ray test bik (Videofluoroscopy): He test-ah hian tui barium an tih chu naupang in turin an pe a, naupangin a ei leh a thusawi laiin a rilru chhunga a peng hrang hrangte chu X-ray video-ah en a ni. Hei hian hawnna chu a thawk tha em tih leh khawi atanga boruak chhuak nge tih chiang takin kan hmu thei a ni.
• Flexible endoscope hmanga thusawi laiin palate direct observation.

`(VPI)` natna enkawl dan tur chu engte nge ni?

Speech therapy leh surgery hi VPI enkawlna atan hman a ni tlangpui.

• Speech therapy: Hei hian naupang thusawi dan a thlak danglam a, hnar ri a ti tlem bawk. Operation hma leh operation hnuah pawh speech therapy a ngai fo thin. Hei hi a chhan chu, surgery-in structural defect chu siam\hat mah se, naupang chu thusawi dik lo a la thiam reng a, chuvangin chutiang tih dan thlak danglam tur chuan speech therapy a pawimawh hle.

• Surgery: Surgery tum ber chu hnar leh hmui inkar kawngkhar khar a ni. Hei hi thawkna kawng tikhawlo lo zawnga tih a ni. Surgery tih chi hrang hrang hi structural problem awm danah a innghat a ni. Surgeon chuan hetiang hi a ti thei a:
• A soft palate pianzia thlak danglam.
• Pharyngeal wall tlem a lian zawka siam leh soft palate atanga hlat zawng tihtlem.
• Lu vun ruhte tihzauh, siam danglam emaw, siam that emaw.
• A rilru hnunglam bang atang hian flap of muscle pakhat chu lakchhuah niin, hmui chung lamah an dah a. Hei hi pharyngeal flap procedure an ti a.
• Fat injection emaw filler dang emaw hmanga hmai chhunga gap awm chu khar.

Mi thenkhat chu ka chhunga dah bik hmanrua (`(oral prosthetic)`) pek an ni bawk. Hei hi ha hrui dah hnua `(retainer)` dah ang a ni a, hei hi hmui chung lam nawr chhoh a, a hmuna vawn tlat nan an ti thin. Mahse, hengte hi hak a nuam lo deuh. Chuvangin, zai theih loh tan chauh an rawt fo thin.

`(VPI)` surgery-ah hian hlauhawmna a awm em?

Surgery dang ang bawkin ``(VPI)'' siamthatna tur surgery-ah hian harsatna engemaw zat a awm thei. Chung zingah chuan:

• Hyponasal speech: Hei hian a awmzia chu thusawi laiin hnar atanga lo chhuak tur hnar ri pangngai chu a bo , aw pawh a inthlak a, khawsik mai mai ang maiin.
• Hnar boruak kal dan tur tihkhawtlai.
• Sleep apnea (`(Muthilh theih lohna (Obstructive sleep apnea))`).
• Hypernasal speech a chhe zawk: Hei hian a ri chu a tlangpui aia hnar a ni zawk tihna a ni.

Hei vang hian medical team tawnhriat ngah tak kaihhruaina hnuaia he enkawlna hi dawn a pawimawh hle.

Ka fain (VPI) a neih loh nan ka veng thei ang em?

Dik tak chuan `(VPI)` lo awm tur venna tur kawng bik a awm lo. Palate leh throat nena inzawm surgery pumpelh hian `(VPI)` vei theihna a ti tlem thei a, mahse a tam zawkah chuan heng surgery te hi damdawi lamah chuan a tul hle.

Ka fa hian hetiang dinhmun hi a nei a nih chuan eng nge ka beisei ang?

Surgery hian VPI hi 85% velin hlawhtling takin a tidam thei a ni. Mahse, mi thenkhat chuan symptoms an nei chhunzawm zel thei a, surgery dang neih a ngai mai thei bawk.

A pawimawh ber chu `(VPI)` nei naupang hian thusawi dan dik lo a hmang fo thin a, chuvangin operation hnua chutiang tih dan thlak danglam tur chuan speech therapy a ngai tak zet a ni.

Engtikah nge ka fa doctor hnenah VPI chungchang ka zawh ang?

I fa thusawiah hian thil danglam tak, tih dan danglam tak tak, a nih loh leh aw mak tak tak i hmuh chuan i fa doctor hnenah chu mi chungchang chu sawipui rawh. A bik takin thusawi laiin hnar ri chiang tak a awm chuan VPI case a ni thei. He natna hi enkawl vat a nih chuan hun rei tak chhunga thusawi thiamna, a hnua tihtawp harsa tur chu a veng thei zawk a ni.

Velopharyngeal Insufficiency (VPI) hi i hmui leh hnar inkar kawngkhar chu a khar tha lo a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hian i thusawi laiin i hmui ai chuan i hnar atangin boruak a chhuak thin. I fain tawng a harsat a, hnar atanga a ri a nih chuan i naupang enkawltu hnenah VPI chungchang hi sawipui ngei ang che.

Thupui tawi (Take-Home Message) 1.1.

• `(VPI)` hi hmui leh hnar inthenna `(velopharyngeal sphincter)` a khar tha lo a nih chuan a ni.
• Hei hian thusawi laiin hnar ri a siam thei a, hawrawp ṭhenkhat lam pawh a harsa thei bawk .
• Congenital pharyngeal defects, tonsils/adenoids lian, genetic condition thenkhat, leh surgery te hian VPI a thlen thei vek a ni.
• Symptoms i neih chuan doctor lam pan vat a pawimawh.
• Speech therapy leh surgery te hi an hman ber a ni.
• Enkawlna rang tak leh thusawi enkawlna dik tak hian naupang chu chiang taka a sawi theih nan kawng thui tak a zawh thei a ni.

Hemi chungchanga zawhna dang i neih chuan doctor zawt hreh suh. Hriat hmasak leh enkawl hi a tha ber tih hre reng ang che.

` VPI, velopharyngeal insufficiency, aw, hnar tawng, tawng harsa, tawng thiam lohna, naupang hriselna