Nitin kan thaw chhuak vek a. Mahse kan thaw chhuah boruakah hian kan hmuh theih loh thil engzat nge awm kan hre lo. `Aspergillus` an tih mold chi khat a awm tih i hria em, a spore chu he boruakah hian hmun tinah a inphah chhuak vek a ni? A tlangpuiin hei hian mi hrisel tan harsatna a thlen ngai lo, a chhan chu kan taksa invenna (defence system) hian a luh tir loh vang a ni. Mahse mi thenkhat tan chuan, a bikin lung natna nei emaw, taksa chak lohna nei te tan chuan hei hi harsatna lian tak a ni thei. Chu chu tunlaia kan sawi tum chu a ni a, `Aspergillosis` an tih chu a ni.
A awlsam zawngin Aspergillosis hi eng nge ni?
`Aspergillosis` hi kan taksaa natna hrik chi khat `Aspergillus` an tih avanga lo awm a ni. Hei hi fungal infection a ni. Hetiang mold hi kan chhehvelah hian a awm tlangpui a, a bik takin leilung, hnah hring bawlhhlawh, leh compost tamna hmunah te kan hmu tlangpui. A châng chuan, he mould chi hi in chhûnga hmun hnim hmunah te, air conditioner (AC) filter ṭha taka tihfai lohah pawh a ṭhang thei a ni.
Kan thawk chhuah hian he mold spore te hi kan hnar hmangin kan lung chhungah an lut thin. Mi hrisel tak chuan heng invader te hi a hre chiang a, a tichhe vek a ni. Mahse mi thenkhat taksa chuan hetiang hi a ti thei lo. Hei hi `Aspergillosis` tih natna a lo awm hian a ni. Hei hi chi hrang hrang a awm a. Ṭhenkhat chu allergy ang maiin an lang a, ṭhenkhat erawh chu lungah chauh an awm thung. Mahse a chi hlauhawm ber chu invasive `Aspergillosis` a ni a, taksa pum puiah a darh vek a ni.
Mi tam tak chuan hei hi "black mold" a ni em tih an ngaihtuah thin. Ni lo, mold chi danglam tak (Stachybotrys chartarum) a ni. Mahse an pahnih hian boruak chhunga awm, mi thenkhat natna thlen thei mold chi khat an ni.
He natna hi tuin nge vei tam ber? Tute nge hlauhawma awm?
Mi zawng zawng hian Aspergillosis hi an vei vek lo. A tan hian risk group thenkhat a awm. Chu chu, he mold hi an tawk a nih chuan natna hlauhawm zawkte tihna a ni. Heng pawl zinga pakhata tel i nih chuan hemi chungchangah hian a bik takin fimkhur a pawimawh hle.
| Risk group a ni | Hrilhfiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Asthma emaw allergy dang nei te | An lung leh thawkna kawngte hi an pianphungah an sensitive hle. Aspergillus spores a luh chuan taksain a overreact thin. Hei hian allergic condition Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) tih a thlen thei a ni. |
| Lung natna rei tak nei te | Tun hmaa tuberculosis (TB) vei tawh leh an lung chhunga cavities nei te, emaw COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), emaw Sarcoidosis ang chi natna nei te chuan an lung chhunga hmun thenkhat a tichhia a ni. Aspergillus mold hi awlsam takin heng cavities ah hian a awm thei a, fungus ball a siam thei bawk. Hei hi Aspergilloma an ti a . |
| Immune system chak lo tak tak nei te | Hei hi group hlauhawm ber leh at-risk ber a ni. Taksa invenna (sipai) a chak loh avangin, chu mold chu awlsam takin taksaah a lut thei a, lung atanga thisenah a lut thei a, taksa peng dang thluak, kal leh thinlungah te a darh thei a ni. Hei hi Invasive Aspergillosis an ti a . Hei hi entirnan:
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He natna lan chhuah dan engte nge ni?
Aspergillosis natna lan chhuah dan hi natna chi hrang hrang leh taksa peng hrang hrang a zirin a inang lo. Thlarau lam natna tlanglawn tak chhinchhiahna nen an inang fo va, hriat chian a harsa hle.
| Aspergillosis chi hrang hrang | A lan chhuah dan tlangpui |
|---|---|
| Allergy chi hrang hrang (ABPA) 1.1. |
|
| A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a. | |
| Aspergillosis natna hrik kai thei |
Hei hi natna hrik kai theih a ni em?
Ni lo, `Aspergillosis` hi mi pakhat atanga mi dang hnena kai theih natna a ni lo. Environment chhunga awm mold spore te thawk chhuah avanga lo awm a ni. Chuvangin damlo bula awm ringawt hian he natna hi i kai thei lo.
He natna hi Doctor hian engtin nge a hriat chian?
I doctor chuan i natna lan chhuah dan leh i hriselna chanchin a zirin hei hi a ringhlel ang (entir nan, asthma i nei em, cancer enkawl i ni em?). An natna hmuhchhuah hi test eng emaw zat an kalpui dawn a ni.
- Chest X-ray emaw CT scan: Hei hian lung chhunga chhinchhiahna dik lo, cavities, emaw ``Aspergilloma'' an tih lump emaw a zawng thei.
- Sputum Culture: I sputum sample lak a ni a, lab-ah test a ni a, chutah chuan mold Aspergillus a lo thang em tih enfiah a ni. Microscope hmangin an enfiah bawk a, sputum chhungah hian filamentous particles a awm em tih an enfiah bawk.
- Thisen test: Invasive type rinhlelh a nih chuan thisen chu Aspergillus mold-a antibodies emaw antigens bik emaw a awm leh awm loh enfiah thin a ni. Hei hian natna hi rang zawkin a hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni.
- Biopsy: Lung atanga tissue te tak te emaw, hri kai nia rinhlelhna hmun atanga lak chhuah a ni a, microscope hmanga enfiah a, pus invasion a awm leh awm loh enfiah a ni.
- Allergy Test: Skin test emaw thisen test emaw hmangin i taksain Aspergillus a allergy a neih leh neih loh a hriat theih.
Enkawlnate chu engte nge ni? Hei hi tihdam theih a ni em?
Aspergillosis enkawlna chu i natna chi hrang hrang, a nasat dan leh i hriselna zawng zawngah a innghat a ni.
1. Antifungal Damdawi
Hei hi a enkawlna ber a ni. Heng damdawi te hian taksa chhunga fungus awmte tihchhiat hmangin hna an thawk a ni. Hemi atan hian damdawi `Voriconazole`, `Isavuconazole`, `Amphotericin B` te hi hman tlanglawn a ni. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu ei tur pill angin pek a ni a, ṭhenkhat chu saline hmanga vein-a injection angin pek a ni bawk. Enkawl hun chhung hi kar tlemte atanga thla engemaw zat thleng a ni thei a, dam chhung pawh a ni thei.
2. Steroid damdawi (Corticosteroids) .
Hengte hi allergic rhinitis (ABPA) enkawlna atan hman a ni. Heng damdawi te hian mold tihlum ai chuan taksaa mold avanga inflammation leh allergic response nasa lutuk chu a control a ni. Hemi atan hian `Prednisolone` ang chi pill pek thin a ni.
3. Surgery tih a ni
Lump-ah hian mold (`Aspergilloma`) pakhat chauh a awm a, chu chuan thisen chhuah chhunzawm zel ang chi harsatna a thlen chuan, chu lump awmna lung zawng zawng chu operation tih a ni. Hei hian natna chu a tidam vek thei a ni.
A pawimawh ber chu i doctor-in damdawi a pek chu a hun bituk chhung chiah ei tur a ni. Damdawi hi a chanve vel i ei tawh loh chuan natna chu a lo let leh thei a ni.
He natna lakah hian engtin nge i inven theih ang?
Aspergillus mold hi environment-ah hmun tinah a awm a, chuvangin 100% vel chu pumpelh theih a ni lo. Mahse, high-risk group-a i awm chuan i exposure tihtlem nan thil i tih theih a awm a:
- Leivut awmna hmunte chu pumpelh rawh: In sakna hmun, chimna hmun, leh kawngpui leivut tamna hmunte chu a theih ang angin pumpelh rawh.
- Gardening-ah fimkhur rawh: Lei laih te, compost pile siam te, leh lawn sawh te ang chi thil tih hian boruakah mold spore a chhuah tir thei a ni. Hetiang hna i thawk a nih chuan quality tha tak N95 mask hmang ngei ang che .
- I in chhunga boruak lum control: I in chhungah hmun hnim emaw, bang-a mold lo awm emaw a awm chuan siamthat nghal rawh. Bathroom leh kitchen ang chi hmunah boruak tha tak a awm theih nan enfiah thin ang che.
- Air conditioner (AC) leh air filter te hi fai takin dah rawh: Heng filter te hi mold a lo thang lian duh hle a, chuvangin siamtu thupek angin silfai fo ang che.
Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang? Engtikah nge ETU ah hian ka kal ang?
A chunga kan sawi tak risk group pakhata tel i nih a, lung nena inzawm natna (khuh, thawk harsa, khawsik) i neih chuan,Doctor hmu nghal rawh.
A hnuaia vaukhânna chhinchhiahna i neih chuan , damdawi in hnai ber Emergency Department (ETU) -ah tihkhawtlai lovin kal rawh.
- Khua a sang hle (103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius aia sang) .
- Thâwk hahna nasa tak
- Khuh laiin thisen tam tak a chhuak thin
- Disorientation, confusion , a nih loh leh nungchang inthlak danglamna
- Seizures a awm thin
- hmui emaw vun emaw rawng dum (hei hi thisenah oxygen tlakchhamna chhinchhiahna a ni - `Cyanosis`) .
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- `Aspergillus` hi kan chhehvela hnim hring chi khat a ni. Mi hriselte a tichhe lo tlangpui.
- Lung natna awm tawh (asthma, COPD) leh immune system chak lo (cancer vei, organ transplant dawngtu) te tan a hlauhawm ber a ni.
- Symptoms hi thawkna lama natna tlangpui nen a inang thei a, chuvangin risk group-a i awm chuan a symptoms hi hre reng ang che.
- He natna hi mi pakhat atanga mi dangah a kai lo.
- Enkawlna tha tak tak a awm. Doctor thupek anga a hmaa hriatchhuah leh enkawl dan dik chuan natna hi a thunun thei a, a tidam thei bawk.
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