Mi tam takin ‘ha hnim’ tih hi kan hre tawh em? A châng chuan tui lum tlem tal i in chuan i ha a hrual a, a nih loh leh thil thlum i ei chuan i ha chhungril a\angin a na a. Hengte hi ha hring emaw, ha hring emaw chhinchhiahna hmasa ber a ni thei. Hei hi a takah chuan a awm fo thin. Naupang tê tê aṭanga tar thlengin tu pawhin he natna hi an nei thei a ni. Chuvangin vawiinah hian eng nge a nih tak tak te, a lo thanlen dan te, chu chu pumpelh dan tur leh nuihzatna hrisel leh mawi tak neih theih dan tur te i sawi dawn nia.
Cavity chu eng nge ni tak tak?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, cavity chu ha chhunga khur (hole) a ni. Ha ruh avanga lo awm a ni. Kan ha hian pawn lam khuhna khauh tak, venghimtu enamel an tih chu a nei a. Hei hi kan tih chu a ni. He enamel hi kan kâa acid ṭhenkhatin zawi zawiin a chhe vek a, a chhe vek a, chu chuan heng khur, a nih loh leh khur hi a siam a ni.
Hei hian damdawi lam hming dang a nei a, chu chu ``Dental Caries.`` tih hi a ni.
Cavities chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?
He ha ro hi ha chunglam eng pawhah a intan thei a ni. A awmna hmun azirin chi hrang hrang a awm. Eng nge an nih i han thlir teh ang.
| Cavity chi hrang hrang | A chungchang sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Smooth surface erosion a awm | Hei hi zawi zawiin a lo thang lian a, ha enamel a tithianghlim a ni. Ha uluk taka silfai leh hmui thianghlim taka vawn hian ven theih a ni a, a chang chuan tihdanglam theih a ni bawk. Hetiang decay hi kum 20 hnuai lam ha inkarah a awm tlangpui. |
| Pit leh fissure a chhe thin | Chungte chu chaw kan ei na hmuna ha chunglamah khur leh khur (hole and cavities) lo awm thin a ni. Hnung lam ha hma lam pawh a nghawng thei bawk. Hetiang chi hi puitling naupang atanga tan a ni tlangpui a, a thang chak hle. |
| Root a chhe vek | Puitling, hmui hnungtawlh (receding gums) nei te chuan an tar chhoh zel chuan he gum natna chi hi an vei duh zawk a ni. Gums a hnungtawlh chuan ha zung chu a lang chhuak thin. Hei hian bacteria leh acid-in a tihchhiat awlsam phah hle. Hei hi ven leh enkawl harsa tak a ni thei. |
Tute nge cavities nei tam ber?
Dik tak chuan kum eng pawh ni se, ha a chhe thei a ni. Mahse naupang tê tê zingah a tam zawk. A chhan chu naupang tê tête ha chu uluk leh mumal taka silfai loh va, ei leh in chi thlum tam lutuk an ei fo vang a ni.
Tin, puitlingah pawh cavities a lo awm thei bawk. A châng chuan, i naupan laia ha khat kha a sir vel chu a chhe leh ṭan thei ṭhin. Tin, puitlingte pawhin receding gums an nei tam zawk bawk. Tichuan ha zung chu a lo chhuak thei a, chu chuan bacteria a lo pungkhawm thei a, a chhe thei bawk.
Ha natna lanchhuahna chu engte nge ni?
A tirah chuan ha enamel chauh a chhiat chuan natna leh chhinchhiahna dang a awm lo tlangpui. Chu chu a chhe tawhna chu enamel chhungah a luhchilh a, ha chhungril layer, ``Dentin'' leh ``Pulp'' tia koh a luh hnuah chauh symptoms i nei tan thin.
A lan chhuah dan ber chu hengte hi a ni:
- Thâwk rimchhia emaw, ka chhunga thlum chhia emaw.
- Gums thisen chhuak emaw, gum natna chhinchhiahna dang emaw a awm thei.
- Hmai a hring chhuak.
- Ha na emaw, hmui na emaw.
- Chaw leh in tur lum emaw, lum emaw ei hian ha a ti na.
A pawimawh ber chu, ha na tak a lo lan hun nghak suh. Natna i hriat hunah chuan a chhiatna chu a hla hle tawh mai thei. Hriat hmasak a tha ber.
Ha natna stage hrang hrang
Ha ro hi vawi khatah a thleng vek lo. Step engemaw zat chhunga kalpui zauh zauh a ni.
| Dawhsan | Eng thil nge thleng leh a symptoms te |
|---|---|
| 1. Demineralization tihchhuah a ni | Hei hi a hmasa ber a ni. Ha enamel-a mineral awmte a bo chuan ha-ah hian hmun te te, var, chalky ang deuh i hmu mai thei. Hetiang hunah hian enkawl a nih chuan a let leh thei a ni. |
| 2. Enamel a chhe thei | Enkawl loh chuan a chhe chhunzawm zel ang a, enamel pawh a chhe zual ang. Hetih lai hian ha chhungah hian khur te tak te a awm tih i hmu mai thei. Chu hmun dum chu a rawng dum hring (light brown) a lo ni thei. |
| 3. Dentin a chhe thei | Dentin hi enamel hnuaia layer awm a ni. Enamel aiin a nem zawk hle. Chuvangin bacteria te hian he layer hi an thlen chuan decay hi a rang zawk hle. Hetih lai hian i ha chhungah tingling sensation i nei tan mai thei. Ha chunga stain chu dark brown color-ah a chang thei. |
| 4. Pulp tihchhiat | Ha chhungril ber chu pulp an ti a. Hei hi nerve leh thisen kalna hmun a ni. Decay hian hetiang dinhmun a thlen chuan natna nasa tak i nei tan ang. Ha chhehvela hmui te chu a sen thei a, a hring thei bawk. Ha chu a dum emaw, a dum emaw a ni thei. |
| 5. Ha hring (abscessed tooth) a awm | Enkawl loh chuan ha thuk tak chu natna hrik a lo ni thei. Ha zung vel ah hian periapical abscess a lo awm thin. Natna chu hmui leh hmaiah a darh thei a ni. Hmai a hring a, kawr chhungah lymph node a hring thei bawk. Hei hi a hlauhawm thei hle. He natna hi a chhehvel tissue-ah a darh thei a, a tlem berah chuan thluak emaw thisen emaw (sepsis)-ah a darh thei bawk. |
Engvangin nge cavities kan neih? Eng nge a chhan?
Hei hi chhan tam tak a awm a. A kalphung chu hetiang hian a thleng thin:
1. Sugar leh bacteria: Sugar leh starch awmna ei leh in tur (thei, thlum, chhang, biscuit, in tur thlum, bawnghnute) i ei hian kan ka chhunga bacteria te hian an ei thin.
2. Acid siam chhuah: Bacteria te hian heng carbohydrates te hi acid ah an chantir thin.
3. Plaque Formation: Bacteria, acids, food particles, leh saliva te chu an inzawm khawm a, sticky film an siam a, chu chu dental plaque an ti a. Hei hi ha chungah a deposit a ni.
4. Enamel hmin: 1.1.Kan ha kan brush leh floss tha lo chuan heng toothpaste-a acid awmte hian ha enamel chu a tithianghlim zauh zauh a, khur emaw, khur emaw a siam thin.
Cavities lo awm theihna tur risk factors
Thil thenkhat chuan ha natna i neih theihna a tipung thei a:
- Dry mouth (Xerostomia): Damdawi lam thil thenkhat emaw damdawi thenkhat (antidepressant ang chi) hian hmui siam chhuah a ti tlem thei.
- Ei leh in dan: Chaw tui tak tak, starchy nei leh snacks ei fo thin.
- Chhungkaw chanchin: I chhungkuain ha natna vei duhna an neih chuan i hlauhawmna a sang hle thei bawk.
- Receding gums: Hei hian ha zung a ti lang chhuak thin.
- Cancer enkawlna: Lu leh kawr vel radiation therapy i neih tawh chuan.
Engtin nge dentist hian cavity a hmuh theih?
Hei hi a hmaa man theih dan tha ber chu kum khatah vawi hnih tal ha enkawltu hnenah check-up neih hi a ni. Ha enkawltu chuan i ha enfiah nan hmanraw bik a hmang ang. Ha cavity nei chu instrument hmanga khawih chuan ha pangngai aiin a nem zawkin a hria ang.
Chu bakah, ha enkawltu chuan ha X-ray pawh a ti thei bawk. Heng X-ray te hian ha chunglamah hmuh theih loh, ha inkar emaw, ha hnuai emaw te chu chiang takin a hmu thei a ni.
Cavities enkawlna tur engte nge ni?
Enkawl dan chu i ha a chhe nasat danah a innghat a ni.
| Enkawl dan tur | Hei hi engtin nge i tih? |
|---|---|
| Fluoride hmanga enkawl dan tur | Hei hi a chhe tirh lamah tih thin a ni. Fluoride hian enamel chhia (remineralization) a tichak thei a ni. Hei hian decay a tidanglam thei a ni. Ha enkawltu chuan fluoride toothpaste bik leh hmui silna tur a rawt thei bawk. |
| Ha fillings te pawh a awm | Ha pakhatin cavity a neih chuan dentist chuan a chhe tawh chu a scrape chhuak ang a, cavity chu thil bik hmangin a khat ang. Hei hi ha rawng composite resin emaw silver amalgam emaw pawh a ni thei. |
| Root Canal hmanga enkawlna a ni | He enkawlna hi ha hring (pulp) a thlen tawh a, natna nasa tak a thlen chuan tih thin a ni. Hetah hian ha chhunga infected pulp leh nerve te chu paih chhuakin, a chhung chu uluk takin an tifai a, ha chu thil bik hmanga khatin an khuh a ni. Hei hian ha chu lakchhuah ngai lovin a chhanhim thei a ni. |
| Ha lakchhuahna | Ha chhiatna a nasat lutuk a, a ro a zau lutuk a, a chunga enkawlna hmanga chhanchhuah theih loh chuan ha chu lakchhuah leh lakchhuah a ngai mai thei. Chumi hnuah chuan ha siam chhuah ``Dental Bridge`` emaw ``Dental Implant`` emaw an tih chu gap chhungah dah theih a ni. |
Engtin nge hei hi i pumpelh theih ang? (Invenna) 1.1.
Damdawi aiin invenna hi a tha zawk fo. Chuvangin, ha chhe lo turin heng thilte hi tih ngei ngei tur a ni.
- Ni khatah vawi hnih ha silfai: Zing leh mut hmain fluoride toothpaste leh soft-bristled toothbrush hmangin ha silfai thin ang che. A theih chuan chaw ei apiangin brush hi a tha zawk.
- Chaw thlum leh starchy nei tlem: A theih ang angin sweets, biscuit leh sweetened drinks ei tlem rawh.
- Dental Floss hmang rawh: Nitin floss la, i ha inkara ei tur chi hrang hrang leh ha natna (dental plaque) awmte chu paih chhuak thin ang che.
- Ha enfiah fo thin: Thla 6 danah vawi khat tal ha enkawltu hnenah i ha enfiah thin ang che.
- Dental Sealants: Ha hnunglam, a bik takin naupangte tan chuan ha hnunglam chewing surface-a venna coating hman thin a ni. Hei hian chaw a tlakbuak loh nan a titawp a, a chhe thei lo bawk.
Engtikah nge ha enkawltu i hmuh ang?
Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan dentist pan ngei ang:
- I hmuiah thisen a chhuak a nih chuan.
- Chaw ei harsa a nih chuan.
- Infection chhinchhiahna (fever, swelling) a awm chuan.
- Hmai a hring a nih chuan.
- Ha na emaw, hmui na emaw i neih chuan.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- ‘Worms eat teeth’ tih awmzia tak chu bacteria siam acids hian ha enamel a tithianghlim a, khur a siam tihna a ni.
- A tir lamah natna a awm loh avangin ha hring, var emaw, sen emaw ang chi symptoms te chu fimkhur hle ang che. Natna lo awm tur chu nghak suh.
- Invenna hi a enkawlna tha ber a ni. Nitin vawi hnih fluoride toothpaste hmangin ha silfai la, floss hmang la, ei tur thlum tamna tihtlem bawk ang che.
- Thla 6 danah vawi khat tal dentist pan a, i ha enfiah hian cavities te chu harsatna lian tak a nih hmain i hmuchhuak thei a, enkawlna awlsam tak hmangin i enkawl thei bawk.
- I ha-ah danglamna, natna, emaw, a hring emaw i hmuh chuan i ha enkawltu hnenah sawipui rawh.
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