Engtin nge kan taksa hian nitin a insiam thar thin tih hi i ngaihtuah ngai em? A chang chuan kan vun a luang chhuak a, hliam kan neih chuan a dam a, vun thar a lo thang thin. Heng zawng zawng hnuaiah hian thil mak tak leh pawimawh tak "Cell Death" tih a awm a. A hming hi a hlauhawm deuhin a lang thei a, mahse a takah chuan kan taksa hriselna atana a mamawh thil pawimawh tak a ni. Vawiin hian thumal awlsam takin sawi ila.
I en hmasa ang u, heng cell te hi eng nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin, cell-te hi kan taksa siamtu building block te tak te ang an ni. Dik tak chuan kan taksaah hian cell tluklehdingawn 30 chuang kan nei a. In sakna atana brick mamawh ang bawkin kan taksa peng tinreng, kan vun, taksa ruh, thin, thinlung leh thluak te pawh hi heng cell atanga siam a ni. Cell tin hian hmunpui pathum an nei a.
- Cell membrane: Hei hi cell vel khuhna te tak te a ni. Kawngkhar vengtu ang maiin a che a, cell chhunga lut leh chhuakte chu a thunun a ni.
- Cytoplasm: Hei hi cell chhunga tui awm a ni. Hei hi cell-in a mamawh chemical reaction tam tak, protein siam leh chakna siam chhuahna hmun a ni.
- Nucleus: Hei hi cell control center a ni a, thluak ang bawkin. Kan genetic information, a nih loh leh DNA zawng zawng hi he nucleus chhungah hian dah vek a ni. Nucleus hian he DNA-a information awmte hi hmangin RNA a siam bawk a, chu chuan cell hnathawh theihna tura thuchah mamawh a keng tel a ni.
Engvangin nge kan taksa chhunga cell te hi an thih?
Cell thih chhan hi a chhan hrang hrang a awm a. A then chu a tha a, a then chu chutiang chuan a tha lo.
- Kum upa lam: Kan tar ang bawkin cell-te pawhin dam chhung hun engemaw chen an nei bawk. Cell hrisel chu vawi 50-60 vel a inthen a, cell thar a siam hnuah chu cell chu a inthen thei tawh lo. Chumi hnuah chuan cell chu a pianphungah a thi ta a ni.
- Chhiatna: Cell thenkhat chu siamthat theih loh khawpin a chhe thin. Chutiang a nih chuan, chu cell-te chu an pianphungah an thi a, cell thar, hrisel takin an thlak a ni.
- Hman loh: A châng chuan, a lo ṭhan chhoh laiin, cell ṭhenkhat chu a ṭûl lo a ni. Entîr nân, naute kut zungtangte chu a tîrah chuan a inzawm khawm thei a, mahse an inkâra cell awmte an thih hunah chauh a inṭhen thei.
- Natna leh pawn lam thil: Hriselna, toxins, hliam, leh damdawi lam thil thenkhatte pawhin cell a tichhe thei a, a thi thei bawk.
A pawimawh ber chu he cell hlui, chhe tawhte paih chhuah dan hi kan taksa hriselna atana pawimawh tak a ni. I vun kha han ngaihtuah teh. Nitin i vun atang hian cell thi 40,000 vel a chhuak thin. An aiah vun thar siam a ni.
Cell thih dan tlangpui chu engte nge ni?
Cell thih dan tlangpui pathum han sawi ila. Heng pathumte hi an danglam hle a ni. Chungte chu apoptosis, autophagy, leh necrosis te an ni.
| Cell thih dan | A awlsam zawngin... | Hei hi a tha nge tha lo? |
|---|---|---|
| Apoptosis tih a ni | Ruahmanna, ruahmanna fel tak neia cell suicide. (Cell-a pension dan tur ruahmanna) | A tlangpuiin a tha . Taksa thianghlim leh hrisel a vawng reng thin. |
| Autophagy hmanga thil tih a ni | Cell hian a taksa peng hlui te chu ‘ei’ in a recycle leh thin. (Cell-a tihfai programme) | A tha leh tha lo pawh a ni thei . |
| Necrosis a awm thin | Cell thihna chu accident avanga, ruahmanna awm lovin. (Cell-ah accident a thleng) . | A chhe fo thin . Tissue thihna a thlen thin. |
1. Apoptosis - programme hmanga cell thihna
Hei hi "programmed cell death" an ti a. Heta thil thleng chu, cell pakhatin a dam chhung tawp a thlen chuan, a nih loh leh a chhiat chuan, a chhehvel cell-te tichhe lovin, mumal takin a tichhe vek a ni.
Entirna tha ber chu a hmaa ka sawi tawh ang khan nausen pum chhunga naute kut zungtang inthen dan hi a ni. A tirah chuan kut zungtang inkarah vun ang deuh hmun a awm a. ``Apoptosis`` kalphung avanga a inkar a cell tul lo tak tak te chu ruahman lawk anga an thih chuan kut zungtang te chu mawi takin an inthen thin. Hetiang thil hi a thleng dik lo a nih chuan naute thenkhat chu an pian laiin kut zungtang an inzawm khawm thei (Syndactyly).
Hetiang kalphung hi a dik lo a nih chuan eng nge thleng ang?
- Apoptosis a lo awm dik loh chuan:Cell hlui, chhe tawhte chu thi lovin an nung chhunzawm zel a nih chuan eng nge thleng ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. Chu cell-te chu thunun theih lohvin an inthen ṭan ang. Hei hi cancer lo awm chhan ber a ni. Cancer cells hi "thi thei lo" cell an ni a, an thih tur hunah an thi lo.
- Apoptosis a thlen tam lutuk chuan: A chang chuan taksa tana pawimawh cell te chu he thil thleng chhung hian an thi tur a nih loh laiin an thi thin. Entirnan, nervous system natna, Parkinson’s disease emaw Alzheimer’s disease emaw ah chuan thluaka essential nerve cells (neurons) te hi an thi nasa lutuk thin. Hei hian ngaihtuahna leh chetna a nghawng a ni.
2. Autophagy - Cell te mahni in ‘ei’
`Autophagy` tih thumal hi ``mahni ei leh in'' tihna a ni.Hei pawh hi ruahmanna siam a ni. Mahse, hetah hian cell pumpui hi a thi lo. Thil thleng chu cell ngei pawhin cell chhunga thil hlui, chhia leh hmantlak lohte chu a ``digest'' a, chuta chhuak thilte chu a hmang leh a, chu chu hmun thar, hrisel tak tak siam nan a hmang leh a ni.
A awlsam zawngin, in tihfai ang mai a ni. Thil chhe tawhte chu i paih chhuak a, hman theih thilte chu i la a, thil thar i siam bawk.
Hemi chungchangah hian eng thil tha leh tha lo nge ni?
- A tha lam: He recycling process hian kan immune system hian taksaa lut virus leh bacteria ang chi natna hrik te chu a tichhia a ni. Cell hrisel te cancer cell-a an chan loh nan a pui thei bawk a, thinlung natna ang chi natna laka a veng thei bawk.
- A chhe lam: Mi pakhatin cancer a vei tawh a nih chuan he ``Autophagy'' kalphung hian nghawng tha lo tak a nei thei a, cancer cell te hian he recycling atanga extra nutrition te hi an lo thang chak zawk nan an hmang thei a ni.
Mi thenkhat chuan an ei leh in thunun emaw, chaw nghei emaw an tum a, chu chu an cell te tihthar leh tumin an bei thin. Hei hian ``Autophagy'' kalphung a tichak nia ngaih ni mah se, scientifically chuan a hlawhtling tih finfiah a la ni lo. Ei leh in khap tlat hian i hriselna a tichhe thei a, chuvangin chutiang thil i tih hmain i doctor i biak hmasak phawt a ngai a ni.
3. Necrosis - Cell thi thut
Hei hi ruahmanna awm lovin cell te thih dan a ni a, accident vang a ni. `(Apoptosis)` hi thlamuang taka pension ang a nih ang bawkin `(Necrosis)` hi accident-a thihna ang a ni.
Hliam emaw, toxin emaw, natna hrik emaw, hmun khata thisen kal hloh emaw avang hian cell te chu a chhe a, ‘burst’ a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan cell chhunga thil awmte chu a leak chhuak a, a chhehvela cell hrisel tak takte chu a tichhia a ni. Hei hian chu hmunah chuan inflammation a siam a, cell tam zawk an thi tan thin. Hei hi tissue thihna an ti a.
A pawimawh ber chu ``Necrosis'' vanga tissue thi tawh chu a lo awm leh thei tawh lo. Doctor-te chuan operation hmangin tissue thi chu an la chhuak thei chauh a ni.
Necrosis thlentu ber berte chu:
- Hliam leh chetsualna thleng thin
- Bacteria leh virus ang chi natna hrik
- Thil tha lo leh ruihhlo hman
- Taksa peng pakhata thisen leh oxygen supply hloh. Entirnan, gangrene-ah chuan vun tissue a thi thin. Avascular necrosis-ah chuan ruh tissue a thi thin.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- "Cell Death" tih hming hi hlauhawm tak angin lang mah se, kan taksain hriselna a neih theih nan a mamawh thil pangngai leh thil pawimawh tak a ni.
- Apoptosis hi cell hlui leh chhia te paih chhuahna atana ruahmanna felfai tak a ni. Hei hi a thleng dik loh chuan cancer a thlen thei a, a tam lutuk chuan thluak lam natna ang chi condition a thlen thei bawk.
- Autophagy hi taksa chhunga cellular level-a thleng thin, recycling leh cleaning process a ni.
- Necrosis chu cell te accident-a thihna a ni. Hei hi a chhe fo a, tissue thihna a thlen thin.
- I taksaa inthlak danglamna emaw, damdawi lam dinhmun emaw chungchangah rinhlelhna emaw hlauhna emaw i neih chuan i doctor nen inbiakna neihpui la, thurawn dik tak i dawng ngei ang.
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