Thâwk harsa leh khuh rei tak i nei bawk em? COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) a ni thei!

Thâwk a harsa, i rilru a tight fo em? A nih loh leh hun rei tak chhung chu phlegm nena lo kal khuh i nei em? Hei hi khawsik pangngai mai mai, a nih loh leh asthma ang chi natna mai niin i ngai mai thei. Mahse heng symptoms te hi a awm reng chuan COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) , lung natna kan hriat vek a ngai a ni thei. Lungngai suh, vawiin hian he thu hi chipchiar takin kan sawi dawn a, kan thianpa nen kan inbia ang maiin.

COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) tih hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, COPD hi tihdanglam theih loh dinhmun a ni a, kan lung leh thawkna kawng (respiratory tracts) a tichhe a, zawi zawiin an hnathawh a ti tlahniam a, thawk pawh a ti harsa hle. Rubber tube hlui ang maiin kan lung leh thawkna kawng chhunga boruak bawm (alveoli) te tak te te hian an elasticity an hloh ta a ni. Tin, an lo hring a, mucus an khat a, kan thawkna kawng a tikhawlo bawk. Tui pipe bawlhhlawhin a tihkhawtlai a, tui luang harsa tak ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh.

COPD i neih chuan i lung leh thawkna kawngah hetiang hian inthlak danglamna a awm thei a ni:

• Lung chhunga air sacs (alveoli) leh airways-a elasticity hloh.
• Inflammation, scarring (fibrosis), leh thawkna kawng a zim.
• Thluak kawngah mucus thick buildup a awm thin.
• Air sacs (alveoli) inkar bang chu a chhe vek a, a lian a, boruak hip luh chu a chhungah a tang ta a ni.

COPD vei te hian period an nei fo a, chu chu an symptoms a na zual nghal mai thin. Hengte hi "exacerbations" kan ti a ni. Heng hun lai hian thawk a harsa a, mucus a pung a, thawk hah a awm a, khuh a tipung bawk. A châng chuan, he natna hi a nasat chuan damdawi ina dah a ngai mai thei .

COPD hi natna zual zel a ni a, hun kal zelah a zual zel a ni. Mahse hei hi mi tin a inang lo. Mi thenkhat chuan kum tam tak chhung chu inthlak danglamna lian tham an tawk lo thei a, thenkhat erawh chuan natna hi a zual chak hle thung.

COPD chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

Umbrella term COPD hnuaia tla condition lian pahnih a awm. Vawi tam tak chu COPD vei chuan a pahnih hian symptom a nei thei.

Emphysema a awm thin

Hei hi i lung chhunga boruak bawm (alveoli) te tak te te a chhiat a, a lian chhoh lai a ni. Hei hian thawk a ti harsa thin. A lan chhuah dan ber chu thawk hah (dyspnea) , chu chu thawhrimna tlemte pawh nise thawk harsa ang mai a ni.

Bronchitis natna rei tak awm thei

Hei hi i lung chhunga thawkna kawng lian tak tak (bronchial tubes) te a lo inflamed hian a ni. Hei hian thawkna kawng a ti tawi a, mucus tam tak a siam bawk. A lan chhuah dan ber chu khuh chhunzawm zel a ni a, a bik takin khuh mucus nei .

COPD natna lan chhuah dante chu engte nge ni?

Tunah chuan COPD vei hian a lan chhuah theih dan tur (symptoms) i en ang u. Heng symptoms te hi i nei em tih hi ngaihtuah la:

• Hun rei tak chhunga khuh, mucus (khuh khata thla thum tal, kum hnih tal awm).
• Thâwk lak harsa.
• Thâwk lak tawi , a bik takin nitin thil tih lai emaw, hah deuh emaw a nih chuan.
• Wheezing emaw lung ri danglam tak tak emaw.
• Barrel ang maia chest (natna a nasat chuan).
• A chang chuan vun rawng dum (cyanosis) , a bik takin hmui leh kut zungtang (thisenah oxygen a awm loh chuan) a rawng a rawn inthlak thin .

Heng symptoms pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i neih chuan doctor thurawn lak a pawimawh hle.

COPD hi engte nge ni?

COPD thlentu ber leh tam ber chu meizuk hi a ni . Cigarette, cigar leh beedis atanga meikhu chu kan lung chhungah a lut nghal a, a tichhia a ni. Meizial zu mi i nih chuan hei hi i ngaihtuah ngei ngei tur a ni.

Mahse meizial zu lote pawhin COPD an vei thei bawk. A chhan dangte chu:

• Alpha-1 antitrypsin tlakchhamna: Hei hi genetic natna a ni. He protein hi a tlem chuan lung a tichhe thei a ni.
• Secondhand smoke: Meizial zu lo mah la, mi zukna hmuna i inhmu fo chuan a nghawng thei bawk che.
• Thli bawlhhlawh: Factory leh lirthei atanga meikhu ang chi thil.
• Hnathawh emaw, hobby emaw atanga leivut leh meikhu laka inhriat: Industry thenkhat (quarrying, mining, textile industry) atanga leivut leh meikhu leh hobby thenkhat (woodworking, welding) te pawh a pawi hle.

Tute nge he natna vei theihna sang zawk?

Meizial hi a hlauhawm ber ni mah se, meizuk zawng zawng hian COPD an vei vek lo. Mahse, COPD vei theihna i nei sang thei a, chu chu:

• Hmeichhia i nih chuan (tun hnaia zirchianna hrang hrangah hmeichhiate pawh hi hlauhawm takah an awm tih a lang).
• Kum 65 aia upa i nih chuan .
• Thli bawlhhlawh i tawk fo a nih chuan .
• I hna chuan chemical, leivut, a nih loh leh meikhu a tihbuai che a nih chuan .
• Alpha-1 antitrypsin tlakchhamna i neih chuan .
• Naupang i nih laiin thawkna lama natna i vei fo tawh a nih chuan .

COPD vang hian eng harsatna nge thleng thei?

COPD hian lungah bacteria a pungkhawm thei a, natna hrik a thlen thei a ni. Tin, taksain Oxygen tam tak a hmuh loh nan leh taksa atanga carbon dioxide a paih chhuak thei bawk. Hei hian harsatna lian tak a thlen thei a ni. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:

• Pneumonia: Chuap natna a ni.
• Thisenah chuanCarbon dioxide level a sang (hypercapnia) a ni.
• Thisenah oxygen level hniam (hypoxemia).
• Respiratory failure: Chu chu lungin a mah chauha hna a thawh theih lohna dinhmun a ni.
• Pulmonary hypertension: Pulmonary hypertension: Chuap thisen kalna kawng hrang hranga pressure sang.
• Right-sided heart failure (`cor pulmonale`): Lung chhunga harsatna awm hian thinlung dinglam a nghawng a ni.
• Pneumothorax: Lung atang hian boruak a chhuak a, rilru chhungah a awm khawm thin.
• Polycythemia: Taksa hian thisen sen (red blood cells) a siam tam lutuk (Oxygen tlakchhamna a awm chuan).

Hei vang hian COPD i vei chuan enkawlna dik zawng a, damdawi lam thurawn zawm a pawimawh hle.

Engtin nge COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) hi hmuhchhuah a nih?

COPD symptoms nei nia i hriat chuan doctor pan a, checkup neih a tha ber. Doctor chuan a enfiah ang che a, i hriselna chanchin a zawt ang che a, i lung a thawh that dan enfiah turin test thenkhat pawh a ti thei bawk.

Doctor chuan hetiang zawhnate hi a zawt thei che a ni:

• Meizial i in em? Meizial i zu tawh ngai em?
• Leivut leh boruak bawlhhlawh i tawk rei tawh em?
• I chhungkuaah hian COPD, lung natna dang, thin natna nei an awm em?
• Exercise i tih hian thawk i hah em? I ding reng lai pawhin a thleng em?
• Hun rei tak chhung khuh i nei a, i rilru atanga thawm ri chhuak i nei em?
• I khuh hian phlegm a chhuak em?

COPD hriat theihna atan eng test nge hman thin?

I doctor chuan COPD finfiah nan a hnuaia test te hi a hmang thei ang:

• Pulmonary function tests: Heta test ber chu spirometry tih a ni. Hei hian thawk khata boruak i chhuah theih zat leh i chhuah theih zat a test a ni. Hei hian i thawkna kawng a block nasat zia a hriattir thei che a ni.
• Pulse oximetry: Test awlsam tak, i kut zungtang chungah clip ang chi thil dahin thisena oxygen level tehna a ni.
• Chest X-ray emaw CT scan: Heng thlalak te hian COPD vanga lung chhunga inthlak danglamna a lantir thei.
• Arterial blood gas test: Hei hi thisen sample lak a, thisen a oxygen leh carbon dioxide awm zat dik taka hriat theihna a ni.
• Exercise testing: Hei hi exercise i tih hian i thisen oxygen level a tlahniam em tih hriat nan tih a ni.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG): Hei hian thawk hahna hi thinlung natna vang a nih leh nih loh hriat theih nan leh thinlung hnathawh dan enfiah nan a pui a ni.
• Thisen test dan: 1.1.I AAT protein level i test thei a, `Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency` i nei em tih i enfiah thei bawk.
• Genetic testing: He test hi doctor-in lung hi genetic condition in a nghawng nia a rinhlelh chuan tih theih a ni.

COPD hi eng stage nge ni?

I doctor chuan i spirometry test result atanga COPD stage chu a hre thei a, a bik takin i FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in one second) value a zirin a hre thei a ni. Hei hian i thawkna kawng a block nasat zia a hrilh che a ni.

COPD stage hrang hrangte chu natna nasat dan azirin hetiang hi a ni:

• Stage 1: FEV1 value 80% aia tam. (Mild case) a ni.
• Stage 2: FEV1 value 50% leh 79% inkar (moderate stage) .
• Stage 3: FEV1 value 30% leh 49% inkar (severe) .
• Stage 4: FEV1 value 30% aia tlem. (Case na tak tak a ni)

Chu bâkah, i doctor chuan i natna lan chhuah dân leh a zual theihna a zirin category A, B, emaw E-ah a dah thei bawk:

• A: Symptoms tlem zawk, exacerbation risk a hniam zawk.
• B: Symptoms tam zawk, exacerbation risk tlem zawk.
• E: Escalation risk a sang hle.

I natna stage leh i symptoms te hi a kal dun ngai lo. Entirnan, stage 3 emaw 4 emaw i nih pawhin symptoms i nei tlem thei a, i doctor chuan heng zawng zawng hi a ngaihtuah vek ang a, i tana enkawlna tha ber tur a ruat ang.

COPD hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

Vanduaithlak takin COPD hi natna tihdam theih vek a ni lo . Lung a chhiat chu tihdanglam theih a ni lo. Mahse, natna lan chhuahna thunun thei, nunphung tichangtlung thei, leh natna zual zel tihziaawm thei enkawlna tam tak a awm a ni .

I doctor chuan heng ang enkawlna hi a rawn rawt thei ang:

• Meizial zuk bânsan programme: Meizial zu mi i nih chuan hei hi i tih tur pawimawh ber leh hmasa ber a ni . Meizial zuk bânsan hian COPD zual zel theihna a ti tlem thei hle.
• Inhaled medications: Damdawi bronchodilators leh steroids te hi inhaler hmangin emaw, liquid angin nebulizer hmangin emaw ei theih a ni. Hengte hian thawkna kawng a hring (swelling) a ti tlem a, a hawng a, thawk pawh a ti awlsam bawk.
• Oxygen therapy: I thisena oxygen level a hniam chuan supplemental oxygen i dawng a ngai mai thei.
• Pulmonary rehabilitation: Hei hi exercise leh educational program a ni a, chu chuan lung chakna a siam a, COPD natna nena nun danah a insiamrem thei bawk.
• Corticosteroids te hi a hnuaia mi ang hian a ni.Exacerbation a awm lai hian steroid pill emaw injection emaw chu hun rei lote chhung pek theih a ni a, chu chuan a hring a tihziaawm thei a ni.
• Positive airway pressure therapy: I doctor chuan thawk lakna atana pui turin `BiPAP` machine hman a rawt mai thei a, a bik takin a nasat lai hian.
• Antibiotics: Lung chhunga bacteria infection i neih fo chuan a venna tur leh a zual zel tihziaawmna turin antibiotics pek theih a ni.
• Lung volume tihtlem (LVR) surgery emaw procedure: Eligible leh natna khirh tak nei tan chuan lung chhunga boruak tang tlem zawk nan surgery emaw valve dah dan emaw tih theih a ni.
• Clinical trials: Damdawi tharte hi engtiang chiahin nge a him leh hlawk tih test-na zirchianna. I tan a tha thei tur enkawlna thar a awm chuan i doctor chuan a refer thei che a ni.

COPD vei chu a dam thei ang em?

COPD avanga i lung a chhiatna hi a awm reng a, a let leh thei lo. Mahse, i symptoms te enkawl dan tur a awm a, a chang chuan tihchangtlun dan tur pawh a awm a, dam rei zawk pawh a awm bawk. I doctor thupek uluk taka zawm a, pulmonary rehabilitation program-a tel hian i natna lanchhuahna te chu i tihziaawm thei a, i nunphung pawh i ti tha thei bawk.

COPD vei hian rei tak dam theih a ni em?

COPD vei i dam rei zawng chu natna nasat dan leh a zual chak danah a innghat a ni. Mi tam tak chu an natna hmuhchhuah hnuah kum sawm tam tak chhung an nung a , a bik takin enkawl tan tirh a nih chuan. He natna stage 3 emaw 4 emaw vei te chu mi pangngai aiin kum ruk atanga kum kua chhungin an dam tlem thei nia chhut a ni. Mahse hei hi mi tin a inang lo.

COPD hi natna hlauhawm tak a ni em?

COPD hi hun kal zelah natna zual zel ni mah se, thihna thlentu a ni ngai lo . Engtiang chiahin nge a na zual zel tih hi mi hrang hrangah a inang lo. Hun a kal zel a (a tlangpuiin kum tam tak, a chang chuan kum sawm tam tak chhung) COPD vei tam tak chu anmahni chauhin thawk an la thei lo. Mahse mi thenkhat chu natna lanchhuahna na tak nei lovin rei tak an dam thin.

COPD hi ven theih a ni em?

COPD laka inven dan tha ber chu meizuk loh leh secondhand smoke leh bawlhhlawh dang, i lung tichhe thei laka inven hi a ni.

COPD vei te hian thawkna lam natna an vei tam zawk. Heng infection te hian pneumonia a thlen thei a, symptoms a ti na zual thei bawk. Hri kai laka invenna atan heng thilte hi i ti thei ang:

• I doctor-in a rawt vaccine zawng zawng chu la vek rawh . Entirnan, influenza (flu) vaccine, pneumococcal pneumonia (pneumococcal pneumonia) vaccine, leh COVID-19 (COVID-19) vaccine te hi a ni.
• Kut sil fo thin ang che.
• I tlawh fona hmunah chuan surface te chu disinfect rawh.
• I doctor-in a rawt chuan midang bula awmin mask vuah tur a ni.
• Mipui tamna hmun , a bik takin khawsik leh flu hri leng lai leh COVID hri leng lai hian pumpelh rawh .

COPD ka vei a nih chuan engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

COPD i vei chuan i in enkawl tha turin heng tips te hi zawm la:

• Lung tana chhiatna thlen thei leh natna lan chhuahna tizual thei thil lakah hlat rawh. Chung zingah chuan meizuk, secondhand smoke, leivut, boruak bawlhhlawh, leh rimtui chak tak tak te pawh a tel.
• Pulmonary rehabilitation session-ah te tel thin ang che. Hei hian taksa exercise te, occupational therapy te, leh zirna programme te a huam a ni. Session zawh hnuah pawh ruahmanna chu chhunzawm zel ang che.
• Registered dietitian nen inbiakna neihpui rawh. I hriselna atana tha ei tur te, i ei tur te, leh i pumpelh tur te hriatthiamna atan a pui thei che a ni.
• I damdawi zawng zawng chu a pek angin, a hun ruat angin ei vek rawh. Nitin damdawi ei tur chu a tlakchham hmain rawn keng la.
• Flare-ups neih dan tur ruahmanna siam rawh. I doctor nen inbia la, i natna lan chhuah dan a lo chhuah chuan eng nge i tih tur tih te, eng damdawi nge i ei tur tih te, engtikah nge damdawi ina i kal tur tih te ruahmanna siam rawh.
• I damdawi hmanraw hman dan tur dik tak zir rawh. Hei hian inhaler, nebulizer, leh CPAP machine ang chi thil te a huam a ni. Hengte hi hman dan dik tak entir turin i doctor hnenah hrilh rawh.
• I rilru hriselna kha uluk takin enkawl rawh. Natna khirh tak nena nun chu a buaithlak thei hle. Hemi chungchang sawi tur hian rilru lam doctor, psychologist emaw counselor emaw hmu rawh.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

COPD i vei thei nia i ngaih chuan doctor pan chu tihkhawtlai suh . A hmaa hriatchhuah leh enkawl hian i natna lan chhuah dan a tizual thei a ni.

COPD i vei tawh a nih chuan heng natna lan chhuah dan emaw, i natna lan chhuah dan inthlak danglam emaw i hmuh chuan doctor pan nghal rawh:

• Thâwk harsa zual: Tûn hmaa i kal theih ṭhinna hlat zawnga i kal theih loh anga i inhriat chuan, zan lama thawk harsa i tih chuan, a nih loh leh i thawk lakna damdawi (damdawi, inhaler) chu a hma aia tam i hman a ngai a nih chuan.
• Mucus inthlak danglamna: Mucus rawng inthlak danglam, thisen chhuak mucus, rimchhia, mucus pangngai aia tam, emaw mucus thick zawk.
• Khuh a pung emaw, a rilru a na emaw.
• I ke ruh, i ke emaw, i ke emaw a hring thar emaw, a na zual emaw a awm. Zanah i ke chawi sang chunga mut hnuah pawh a hring a tlahniam lo a nih chuan doctor hnenah hrilh rawh.
• Chhan awm lovin taksa rihna tihtlem emaw tihpun emaw.
• Zing lama lu na emaw, luak chhuak fo emaw.
• Chhan awm lovinChau lutuk emaw, chak lo emaw tih hriat. Hei hi ni khat aia rei a nih chuan doctor hnenah hrilh rawh.
• Khawsik emaw, khawsik emaw.
• Infection chhinchhiahna dang: thil, rilru na, hnar luang danglam tak, hnar khar, lu na, emaw, hmui chunglam na emaw ang chi.

Engtikah nge emergency room-ah ka kal ang?

Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan emergency room hnai ber pan nghal rawh:

• Khawsik sang (103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius aia sang) a ni.
• Thâwk harsat thut emaw, nasa tak emaw.
• Mualphona, buaina, theihnghilh emaw, thinrimna emaw.
• Thusawi hrual (slurred) a ni.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

Doctor i hmuh hunah hetiang zawhna hi zawh hi a \angkai thei ang:

• Ka inenkawlna tha ber berte chu engte nge ni?
• Ka symptoms te hi ka ti tha thei ang em?
• Engtin nge heng damdawi te hi ka hman ang?
• Engtin nge ka inhaler, nebulizer emaw, damdawi hmanrua dang emaw ka hman ang?
• Engtikah nge ka hmuh leh ang che?
• Engtikah nge emergency room-ah ka kal ang?

COPD ang chi lung natna khirh tak neia nun hian a chang chuan a ti buai thei a, a hlauhawm thei a, a ti lungngai thei a, a rilru a hah hle bawk. Mahse i lung ruhte chu a rei thei ang bera tichak thei tur leh i natna lan chhuah dan pawh enkawl dan tur a awm. I healthcare team te nen thawhhona tha tak siamin i hriselna tur leh flare-ups tihziaawmna tur ruahmanna siam hian i dinhmun hi a enkawl thei a ni. I hmangaih takte chu engtin nge i thlawp theih ang tih leh i dinhmun a zual zel a nih chuan eng nge i tih tur tih te sawipui rawh.

Thâwk harsa i neih reng emaw, khuh reng reng i neih emaw, hah awlsam taka i inhriat emaw chuan doctor pan chu tihkhawtlai suh, tih hre reng ang che. Hriat hmasak hian i nunphung a tichangtlung thei a, kum tam tak chhung chu hrisel taka awm turin a pui thei bawk.

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur

Chuvangin, COPD hi hlauh tur a ni lo va, mahse thil awlsam tak a ni lo bawk. A pawimawh ber chu natna lanchhuahna i neih chuan damdawi lam thurawn la nghal a, zu i in a nih chuan vawiinah hian bânsan turin thutiam nghet tak siam rawh.

• Meizial zuk bânsan - Hei hi COPD laka i tih theih lian ber leh ṭha ber a ni.
• I doctor-in damdawi a pek chu dik takin hmang rawh . I inhaler hman dan tur dik tak zir rawh.
• Pulmonary rehabilitation programme ah te i tel thei a nih chuan a hlu hle ang .
• Ei leh in hrisel leh exercise tih dan (doctor-in a tih angin) vawng reng ang che.
• Vaccine la la , hrisel lohna tha tak tak hmang la , natna hrik laka inven nan .

Nangmah chauh i ni lo. Doctor, nurse leh chhungte tanpui thei tur che an awm a. Chuvangin chak takin awm la, heng tips te hi zawm la, COPD natna nen nun tha tak neih tum ang che.

` COPD, lung natna, thawk harsatna, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, zuk leh hmuam, thawkna lam natna