Thutlukna i ngaihtuah hnuah i siam thin em? He Deductive Reasoning hi han sawi ila!

Nilengin thutlukna kan siam a, harsatna kan chingfel vek a ni lawm ni? A châng chuan kan ngaihtuah pawh kan ngaihtuah ngai lo, thil thleng ang maiin kan hria. Mahse, heng zawng zawng avang hian kan thluak chhungah hian thil danglam bik a awm tih i hria em? Chu chu deductive reasoning kan tih chu a ni. Chuvangin vawiin hian he thu hi chipchiar deuhin kan sawi dawn a ni .

Deductive Reasoning tih hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, inference chu kan thluak hmanga ngaihdan tlangpui emaw, thudik anga kan pawm thil engemaw zat emaw hmanga thutlukna bik siam chhuahna a ni. Hei hi kan ngaihtuah, kan hriatthiam leh kan ngaihtuah ang bawka kan rilru hmanga kan tih thin intellectual process a ni. Strict takin sawi ila, hei hi ``Cognitive function'' a ni a, chu chu cognitive process a ni.

He inference logic hi i ngaihtuah aiin kan hmang nasa zawk. Zing kan thawh atanga zan mut thlengin hriat lohvin kan hmang thin. Mahse i ngaihtuah angin a awlsam lo. A complex deuh deuh.

• Zirchiangtute chuan miten an zir dan te, an ngaihtuah dan te, leh thutlukna an siam dan te hriatthiam nan hei hi an zir chiang a ni.
• Doctor-te, a bik takin rilru lam doctor leh neurologist-te chuan mi pakhat hriat theihna (cognitive abilities) an tehnaah hian he inferential reasoning hi an ngaihtuah thin.
• He theihna hi pawl thenkhata hna thawk tur mi thlan hmaa test neihah pawh teh theih a ni.

He inferential reasoning hian hna a thawk tha tur chuan i thluak hi a hrisel a ngai a ni. Damdawi lam dinhmun emaw, thluak tichhe thei hliam emaw thenkhat chuan he theihna hi a ti tlem thei a ni. Chutiang a lo thlen chuan, thu hriatte dik taka hriatthiam leh thu tlûkna siam chu a harsa thei hle. Mahse lungngai suh, doctor-te chuan he theihna hi a bo a nih chuan an siam ṭha leh vek thei lo nain, a nghawng tihziaawmna tur enkawlna a awm.

Inferential reasoning entirnan thenkhat han en ila.

Deductive reasoning hman hi kan rilruah brick dahin building nghet tak sak ang a ni. I brick te hi i ngaihdan dik nia i rin, a nih loh leh premise te an ni. Heng ngaihtuahnate hmang hian thutlukna i siam a, chu chu a dik ngei ang tih i ring.

Hei hi entirnan tam tak a awm a, mahse a hmingthang ber pakhat chu philosopher Aristotle hnen atanga lo chhuak a ni. He inferential logic pa anga ngaih a ni. Hei hi han en teh:

• First premise: Mihring zawng zawng hi engtikah emaw chuan kan thi vek thin.
• Thuhmahruai pahnihna: Socrates-a hi mipa a ni.
• Thutawp: Chuvangin Socrates-a hi engtikah emaw chuan a thi dawn a ni.

I hrethiam em? Thil tenawm tak angin a lang thei a, mahse hei hi a bulpui ber a ni.

Tunah chuan nitin nun a\angin entawn tur i la ang u:

• Ngaihtuah hmasak ber: He pindan chunga light hi a eng dawn lo.
• Ngaihtuahna pahnihna: Switch i flip chuan light dang a rawn eng leh a.
• Thutawp: Chuvangin, chu light-ah chuan thil dik lo a awm a, chu chu a on dawn lo.

Simple tak a ni lawm ni? Hetiang thil hi kan ti fo thin.

Engtin nge ka thluak hian he inferential logic hi a thunun?

Neuroscientist-te chuan inferential reasoning kan hman hian thluak chhunga thil thleng dik tak chu an la chhui chhuak mek a, mahse a tam zawk chuan kan thluak veilam sir a awm frontal lobe hi he thilah hian active takin a inrawlh tih an pawm a ni.

Research atanga a lan dan chuan left frontal lobe hmun hrang hrang hian hun hrang hrangah reasoning-ah a pui thin. Chumi awmzia chu vawi khatah a thleng vek lo va, stage hrang hrangah a thleng zawk tihna a ni. Kan reasoning tih dan azirin thluak frontal lobe a relevant area te chu a activate thin.

He thluak peng hi eng natnate nge ni?

Kan thluak hmalam (frontal lobe) leh a ngaihtuahna (reason) theihna tichhe thei dinhmun leh thil hrang hrang list rei tak a awm a. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Alzheimer natna leh neurodegenerative disorder dangte
• Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) a awm a, a rilru a hah lutuk a, a rilru a buai em em bawk a.
• Thluak natna (brain lesions) a awm
• Thluak natna (brain tumor) a awm
• Concussion leh thluak hliam dang na tak tak te
• Hmasawnna lama tlai lutuk
• Frontotemporal dementia (thluak hmalam leh sir lam a nghawng thei dementia) .
• Genetic conditions (entir nan, Huntington natna emaw Wilson natna emaw) .
• Thinlung lama harsatna nei
• Zirna lama harsatna leh harsatna nei te
• `Lewy taksa rilru natna`
• Rilru lam harsatna, a bik takin mood disorder te
• Seizure kaihhnawih natna, seizure (a bik takin frontal lobe seizures) leh epilepsy te
• Mut lama harsatna nei
• Stroke leh Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) te hi a awm thei lo.

Chutiang thil a lo thlen chuan ni tin hna thawh leh thu tlûkna siam chu a harsat dâwn êm tih han ngaihtuah teh. Chuvang chuan i thluak hriselna enkawl hi a pawimawh em em a ni.

I kum upat deuh deuh hian reasoning ability hian nghawng a nei em?

Ni e, a dik tak zet a ni. Kan tar chhoh zel chuan kan thluak a inthlak a, chu chuan kan ngaihtuahna (reasoning ability) a nghawng thei a ni. Entirnan, kan tar chhoh zel chuan kan thluak hmalam (frontal lobe) chu a lo tlem chho zel a. Hei hian reasoning ang chi cognitive functions a nghawng thei a ni. Mahse hei hi mi zawng zawng tan a inang lo. Mi ṭhenkhat chuan tar thlengin heng theihnate hi an la vawng ṭha reng a ni.

Engtin nge inferential reasoning nghawng thei dinhmunte chu i hriat theih?

Doctor-te chuan heng natna te hi hriat chian nan test eng emaw zat an nei thin. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:

• Thisen test a ni
• Thluak MRI scan a ni
• Thil hriatna (cognitive test) te
• `CT` scan `(Computed tomography hmanga scan)` tih a ni
• EEG test (Electroencephalogram - thluaka electric hnathawh dan tehna test) .
• Electromyogram (EMG) (thau leh taksa peng hrang hrangte electric hnathawh dan tehna test) .
• Evoked potentials (nervous system-a chhanna tehna test) 1.1.
• Neuropsychological testing neih a ni
• `PET` scan `(Positron emission tomography hmanga enfiah)` tih a ni

Heng test-te hian doctor-in harsatna chu eng nge ni tih leh a chhan dik tak a hriatthiam theihna tur a ni.

Inferential reasoning tehna atan eng test nge hman thin?

Doctor-te chuan reasoning ability tehna atan neuropsychological testing an ring nasa hle tlangpui. Hnathawktute, zirtirtu leh mi dangte chuan aptitude test hrang hrang an hmang thei a ni.

Reasoning tichhe thei dinhmunte enkawlna tur engte nge ni?

Enkawl dan tur chu a dinhmun bik a zirin a ni. Mi zawng zawng tan enkawlna pakhat chauh a awm lo. Mahse, enkawlna hman tlanglawn tak tak a awm a:

• Cognitive rehabilitation: Hei hian nitin hnathawh tur enkawl dan tur, thil inrualrem dan tur ang chi strategy te practice a huam a ni.
• Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): Hei leh light therapy ang chi thilte hian mut harsatnaah a pui thei a ni.
• Damdawi leh rilru lam enkawlna: Heng enkawlna pahnih hi mood disorder nei tan chuan inzawmkhawm theih a ni.
• Occupational therapy: Occupational therapist chuan taksa, rilru leh khawtlang harsatnate hneh turin a pui che a ni.
• Physical therapy: Hei hian i taksa chetna leh hnathawh thatna a pui thin.
• Speech and language therapy: Hei hian thusawi leh tawng thiamna tihhmasawn nan exercise leh hmanraw dangte zirtir a huam a ni.
• Neurodegenerative disorders enkawl dan: Hengte hi natna a zirin a inang lo.

Ka ngaihtuahna thiamna chu a fiah reng theih nân eng nge ka tih theih ang?

I ngaihtuahna thiamna tihchakna kawng ṭha ber chu i thluak enkawl ṭhat hi a ni. I nunphung rawtna ṭhenkhat, i ṭanpui theitu chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Zu in dan kha thunun rawh: Zu i in chuan mipa tan ni khatah vawi hnih leh hmeichhia tan ni khatah vawi khat in tur chauh tihkhawtlai tur a ni.
• Ei tha rawh: I plate-ah thlai, thei, whole grains, lean protein, leh thau hrisel te dah la.
• I thluak exercise la: Jigsaw puzzle, crossword, thumal zawn ang chi thil tih hi i thluak active reng theihna kawng awlsam tak a ni.
• Active takin awm rawh: Exercise neih fo hi i thluak tha taka awm theihna kawng khat a ni.
• Mut tha: Zan tin darkar sarih atanga darkar riat tal mut thin ang che.
• I thluak venghim rawh: Safety gear (lir-a chuang laiin seatbelt bun ang chi) hmang la, a bik takin infiamna emaw hnathawhna hmunah emaw hmang rawh.
• Meizial zuk loh tur: Meizial zuk hian ischemic stroke vei theihna a tipung.

Take-Home Thuchah a ni

Thu hriat tur i khawlkhawm a, thutlukna i siam emaw, harsatna i chinfel emaw hian he deductive reasoning hi i hmang thin. Hei hi i thluak thunun intellectual process pawimawh tak a ni. Doctor-te pawhin i nervous system hriselna an en hian he deductive reasoning hi an ngaihtuah thin. Chuvangin, i thluak hrisel taka vawn hian he deductive reasoning ability hi vawng reng turin a pui thei che a ni. Nun hrisel nei tur chuan rilru hrisel a pawimawh tih hre reng ang che!

` Inferential reasoning, thluak hnathawh dan, hriat theihna, rilru hriselna, thluak hriselna, thutlukna siam, harsatna chinfel dan