I fate sexual development hi a danglam em? (Disorders of Sexual Development - DSDs) Hemi chungchang hi han sawi ila!

A chang chuan naute piang thar i en hian, emaw, naupang a lo puitlin chuan an taksaah inthlak danglamna engemaw zat i hmu thei a, chu chuan tlem a ti buai emaw, i lungkham deuh emaw a ni thei. A bîk takin serh chungchângah thil chiang lo a awm a nih chuan, ‘Eng thil nge thleng?’ tih ngaihtuah hi thil pangngai a ni. Chutiang hunah chuan hriat tur pakhat chu heng mipat hmeichhiatna lama hmasawnna lama harsatna, a nih loh leh kan tih angin , Disorders of Sexual Development (DSDs) te hi a ni.

Heng sex development lama harsatna (DSD) te hi engte nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, DSDs hi mi pakhat sex characteristics, chu chu an chromosomes , gonads (i.e. ovaries emaw testicles) , emaw genitals -a inthlak danglamna awm thei dinhmun hrang hrang sawina thumal tlangpui a ni. Heng inthlak danglamna te hi pian tirh atangin hmuh theih a ni a, a chang chuan puitlin laiin a lang thei a, a hnu lamah pawh a lang thei a, puitlingah pawh a lan chhuah dan thenkhat a lang thei bawk.

Entîrna tlemte han ngaihtuah teh:

• Naute chu mipa chromosome (XY) neia piang pawh ni se, a pawn lam serh (vulva) chu hmeichhia ang maiin a lang thei.
• A dang pawhin, naupang hmeichhia chu (XX) chromosomes neia piang ni mah se, pawn lam serh chu mipa zang emaw, clitoris lian emaw ang maiin a lang thei bawk.
• Mi dangte chuan an taksaah ovarian leh testicular tissue pahnih an nei thei a, chu chuan an serh chu mipa, hmeichhia emaw, a pahnih inzawm emaw angin a lantir thei a ni.
• A châng chuan, mipat hmeichhiatna chu a pangngai ni mah se, chromosome structure-a thil danglam chuan puitlin huna lo awm ṭhin chu a tibuai thei a ni.

Tun hma chuan heng dinhmunte hi ‘intersex’ an ti bawk. Chu chu hmeichhia/mipa tih dan phung pangngaia gender division-a inmil lo chromosome, genital, emaw reproductive system nei te tihna a ni.

A pawimawh ber chu (DSD) condition neih hian i chungah ‘dik lo’ a awm tihna a ni lo. Midang aiin tlem a danglam deuhin i lo thanglian tihna mai a ni. Uluk taka hmuhchhuah leh enkawl a nih chuan (DSD) vei tam zawk chu nun pangngaiin an hmang thin.

Mi thenkhat chuan DSD sawinaah "disorder" tih ai chuan "differentiation" tih hi hman an duh zawk. Hei hian hei hi natna aiin hmasawnna lama thil danglam a ni tih a tilang.

DSD chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

He umbrella term (Disorders of Sexual Development) hnuaiah hian condition hrang hrang 60 vel a awm a. A tlangpuiin thenkhat chu:

• Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) a awm a, a rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a.
• Pianpui atanga lo chhuak adrenal hyperplasia a awm(Nau piang chhuak Adrenal Hyperplasia - CAH) tih a ni.
• Kallman Syndrome natna a ni
• Klinefelter Syndrome natna a ni
• McCune-Albright natna vei a ni
• Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) natna vei te hi a ni.
• Swyer Syndrome natna a ni
• Turner Syndrome natna a ni

Heng zawng zawng hian symptom hrang hrang a thlen vek a, chuvangin doctor nen inbiakna neih a pawimawh a, chu chu eng nge a nih tih chiang takin hriat a pawimawh.

DSDs natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

DSD vei chuan symptom hrang hrang a nei thei a. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:

• Pian tirh laia mipat hmeichhiatna (genitalia) awm lohna. Entirna atan (Aphallia) - chu chu penis nei lova piang tihna a ni a, (Vaginal agenesis) - chu chu vagina a lo thang kim lo tihna a ni.
• Mipa emaw hmeichhia emaw nena thliar hran theih loh anga lang sexual organs. Entirnan, penis lo thang lo emaw, clitoris lian lo emaw .
• Adrenal glands dinhmun thenkhat.
• Hormone inthlauhna (hormone inthlauhna) a awm.
• Taksa chhunga electrolyte inthlauhna.
• Kum danglam tak atanga thlasik tan emaw, a intan lo emaw.
• Testicles hnuai lam lo.
• Hypospadias - Hei hi urethra, penis atanga zun chhuahna kawngkhar chu a tip aiin hmun dangah a awm a ni.

I fate zingah heng symptoms pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i hmuh chuan doctor thurawn la nghal a tha ber.

Mipat hmeichhiatna lama hmasawnna lama harsatna awm chhante chu engte nge ni?

Mi pakhat chu DSD neia piang a nih theih chhan hrang hrang a awm. A chang chuan chhan pakhat aia tam vang pawh a ni thei. A chhan ber thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Genetic mutations: Hei hi genes inthlak danglamna a ni. Ṭhenkhat chu inherited mutations an ni . Mi dangte chu spontaneous mutations a ni thei a, chu chu chhan hriat lohvin a thleng thei a ni.
• Nausen pian laia hmasawnna lama harsatna: Naute chu nausen pum chhunga a seilian laiin taksa peng thenkhat a lo thang tha lo a nih chuan heng dinhmunte hi a lo awm thei a ni.
• Hormone insufficiency: Hei hi naute taksain hormone a siam chhuah tlem vang emaw, taksain hormone a siam chhuah te a chhanna dik loh vang emaw a thleng thin. Thil dang avanga hormone siam chhuah a tihbuai pawhin a thleng thei a, chu chu testicles emaw ovary-a thisen kal tlem vang a ni.
• Naupai laiin hormone emaw damdawi emaw thenkhat nena inzawmna:Entirnan, damdawi testosterone blocker te hian hetiang hi a thlen thei a ni.

Heng chhante hi a buaithlak hle a, chuvang chuan doctor-te chuan he thil hi ngun takin an chhui mek a ni.

DSDs avanga harsatna awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

DSD vei zawng zawng hian hriselna lama harsatna an nei vek dawn lo. Mahse, mi thenkhat chu natna thenkhat vei theihna chance a sang zawk mai thei. Entirna thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Autoimmune diseases - Heng natnate hi immune system-in taksa cells a beih nasat em emna natna a ni.
• Congenital heart disease - pian tirh atanga lo awm thin thinlung natna.
• Thisen sang (Hypertension) emaw, thisen sang (Hypotension) emaw a ni thei.
• Nau pai theih lohna.
• Kidney dinhmun.
• Metabolic natna (Metabolic syndrome) a ni.
• Osteoporosis (Osteoporosis ) - Chumi awmzia chu ruhte a chak lo a, a chhe awlsam tihna a ni.
• Type 2 zunthlum vei a ni.

Mahse, hengte hi ‘risk’ lo awm thei mai a ni tih hre reng ang che. Mi zawng zawng hian kan ti hmasawn vek lo. Heng hlauhawmnate hi damdawi lam enkawlna mumal hnuaia awmin control theih a ni.

Engtin nge DSDs hi an hriat chhuah thin? (Diagnosis) tih a ni.

A châng chuan, doctor-te chuan pian tirh lamah DSD an hmuchhuak thei a ni. Mahse, DSD chi thenkhat chu naupangin a puitlin hunah emaw, a hnu lamah emaw pawh a lan chhuah dan a langsar zual thin.

Doctor pakhatin taksa a enfiah hmasa ang. Chumi hnuah chuan thil awmdan chiang zawka hriat theih nan test dang an ti thei a, chu chu:

• Pelvic ultrasound emaw MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) hmanga enfiah a ni.
• Karyotype test hi chromosome dik lo awm leh awm loh enfiahna a ni.
• Genetic test hmanga gene mutations hriat theihna .
• Hormone test hian taksaa hormone level a teh thin.

Heng test atanga information an hmuh atang hian doctor chuan diagnosis bik a thleng tih hi a ni.

DSD te hi engtin nge enkawl an nih?

A lan chhuah dan nasat dan azirin DSD vei chuan enkawlna a mamawh thei a, chungte chu:

• Hormone replacement therapy: Hei hi puitlin theihna tura tih a ni a, DSD nena inzawm hriselna lama harsatna, osteoporosis
• Reconstructive surgery: He surgery hi mipat hmeichhiatna lam pianzia tidanglam tura tih a ni. Engpawhnise,Damdawi lama a tul a nih loh chuan doctor-te chuan hetiang ang tihdanglam theih loh thil hi naupangte chu anmahni thutlukna siam thei tura an puitlin hma loh chuan an sawn hla tlangpui. Hei hi thil pawimawh tak a ni.

Mi thenkhat tan chuan DSD symptoms hi a na lo hle a, enkawlna engmah a ngai lo mai thei.

Mipat hmeichhiatna lama hmasawnna lama harsatna awmte hi tuin nge enkawl?

I fa hian DSD tih natna a neih chuan doctor team hrang hrangin an enkawl a ngai dawn a ni. He team hian:

• Naupang enkawltu doctor te.
• Tleirawl damdawi lam doctor te.
• Naupang endocrinologist - chu chu hormone specialist te an ni.
• Naupang urologist te an ni.
• Naupang hmeichhia lam doctor te.
• Geneticist te chuan an ti a.
• Naupang rilru lam thiamte.

Heng mi zawng zawngte thlawpna avang hian naupang chu enkawlna tha ber pek a ni.

DSD vei te hmalam hun chu eng nge ni?

(DSDs) vei te hi hriselna lama harsatna thenkhat an neih theihna chance a sang hle. Mahse, uluk taka enfiah leh enkawl a nih chuan (DSDs) nei lote ang bawkin, dam rei tak, pangngai takin an nung thei a ni. Chuvangin beiseina hloh suh.

Ka fa hian DSD condition a nei a. Engtin nge ka enkawl ang?

Puberty hi tu tan pawh a awlsam lo. DSD vei naupang tan chuan hei hi an taksa chu an thiante taksa nen a danglam tih an hriat hmasak ber a ni thei. An tan chuan thil buaithlak tak a ni thei.

I fa tana i tih theih ṭha ber chu thuhnuairawlh taka hmangaih leh thlawp hi a ni. Amah fuih nâna i tih theih ṭhenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Natna dang i sawi ang bawkin a (DSD) dinhmun chu tlang takin sawi rawh . Thuruk lian takah dah suh.
• Doctor appointment apiangah eng nge thleng dawn tih leh eng nge a beisei tur tih hriattir lawk rawh.
• A duhzawng leh thil tihnaah tel ve turin fuih rawh.
• I fate’n an tawn mek rilru natna khirh tak takte hmachhawn tûra ṭanpui tûr counselor thiam tak zawng rawh.

I hmangaihna, i hriatthiamna leh i thlawpna hi i fain he zinkawng a paltlang theihna tura chakna lian ber a ni tih hre reng ang che.

DSD hi ven theih a ni em?

Ni lo, DSD hi ven theih a ni lo. DSD thlen thei tur harsatna a awm leh awm loh hriat lawk theih a ni lo. Tin, i fain eng genetic abnormalities nge a rochun dawn tih pawh i thunun thei lo bawk. Hei hi a chang chuan thil thleng mai mai a ni.Chumi chungchangah chuan inthiam lohna nei suh.

Engtikah nge ka fa doctor ka hmuh ang?

A tam zawkah chuan doctor-te chuan pian tirh atangin DSD an hmuchhuak thin. Mahse, a châng chuan, a lan chhuah dân chu puitlin emaw, puitlin emaw lai hian a lang chhuak ṭhin. I fa chungah thil danglam tak a awm nia i rinhlelh chuan doctor hmu turin appointment siam rawh. Doctor chuan taksa enfiahna a nei thei a, a tul chuan test dang a ti thei bawk a, chu chuan i fa natna lan chhuah chhan chu eng nge ni tih a hriat theih nan.

Ka fa doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

I fa chu natna (DSD) neia piang a nih chuan doctor hnenah hetiang zawhnate hi i zawt mai thei:

• "Eng chiah nge ka fa dinhmun?"
• "He dinhmun hi khawiah nge ka hriat belh theih ang?"
• "Eng ang inenkawlna nge a mamawh?"
• "Hetiang hian naupang leh nu leh pa te tanpui thin support group an awm em?"

(DSD) tih hmuhchhuah a nih hian rilru natna (mix of emotions) neih hi thil pangngai a ni. Khawthlang lamah chuan i (a nih loh leh i fa) natna lan chhuahna chu a tâwpah hming vuah a ni ta tih i hrethiam lo mai thei. Mahse, "Tunah engtin nge ka tih ang?" I doctor hi i rilru put hmang sawipui tur tha ber a ni. Resources chungchang leh enkawlna i mamawh leh mamawh loh te an hrilh thei che a ni.

A tawp berah chuan take-home message

Disorders of sexual development (DSDs) hi thupui buaithlak tak a ni a, mahse hengte hi hriat reng a pawimawh:

• (DSD) hi ‘fault’ a ni lo va, ‘danglamna’ a ni. Hetiang dinhmun nei naupang leh puitlingte hian hmangaihna, hriatthiamna leh thlawpna an mamawh a ni.
• Hriat hmasak leh damdawi lam thurawn mumal tak pek hi a pawimawh hle. Hei hian harsatna tam tak a veng thei a, hlawhtling takin a enkawl thei bawk.
• Surgery ang chi thutlukna siam danglam theih loh siam hunah chuan naupangin a hriatthiam theih tur (damdawi lama a tul loh chuan) a puitlin hma loh chuan dawhtheih a pawimawh hle.
• Nangmah chauh i ni lo. Hetiang natna vei te tanpui thei tur doctor, counselor leh support group te an awm a.
• Enkawlna leh puihna dik tak a awm chuan (DSD) vei tam tak chu hlim, hlawhtling leh nun pangngaiin an hmang thin.

He thu hi in tan a tangkai ngei ka beisei. Nangmah emaw, i hriat emaw chuan he natna chungchang hi hriat belh duh i neih chuan doctor nen inbiakna neih hreh suh.

` Mipat hmeichhiatna lama hmasawnna lama harsatna, DSD, serh, chromosome, hormone, genetic mutations, naupang hriselna