Natna avanga Doctor hnena i kal lai khan thisen report keng turin an ti ngai em? A chunga thu mak tak takte hian a ti buai tawh em? Hetiang thil tawn hi kan nei fo thin. Vawiin hian hetiang report-a kan hmuh thin test method kan sawi dawn a, chu chu a buaithlak deuhin a lang thei a, mahse a pawimawh hle. Chu chu ELISA test a ni.
ELISA chu eng nge ni mai?
Awle, heng thumal pali ELISA hian eng nge a awmzia tih hi han en hmasa ila. ELISA hi Enzyme- Linked I mmuno sorbent Assay tih tawifelna a ni. I hriat chuan a hlauhawm deuhin a ri a ni lawm ni? Mahse, hlau suh. A awlsam zawngin ELISA hi natna a ni lo. Laboratory-a testing method bik a ni. Chaw siam dan recipe ang mai a ni.
Hetiang hmanrua hmang hian kan taksa tuiah thil tenau tak tak, thisen, zun leh hmui te hi kan hmu thei a ni. Entirnan, he method hi kan taksain natna hrik pakhat laka a siam antibody (heng antibodies kan ti a), hrik chhung ngeia a then (heng antigen kan ti), hormone leh protein te ang chi thil te hriatchhuah nan kan hmang thin.
Hetiang hmanrua hi a hlawhtling em em a, doctor-te chuan immunoassays-a "Gold Standard" an ti a ni. Chumi awmzia chu a dik leh rintlak tak a ni tihna a ni.
I naupai leh pai loh enfiahna atana hman thin home pregnancy test hi han ngaihtuah teh. Chu pawh chuan ELISA principle-ah hna a thawk bawk. Zun chhungah "pregnancy hormone" HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) an tih awm leh awm loh a zawng thin.
Hei hi dik taka hrethiam tur chuan ‘Antigens’ leh ‘Antibodies’ chungchang hi i zir hmasa ang u.
ELISA method hrethiam tur chuan kan taksaa mi pawimawh tak tak pahnih: Antigens leh Antibodies te kan hriat a ngai a ni.
Antigen chu eng nge ni?
Rukru emaw, hmêlma emaw, mi hriat loh emaw kan taksaa lo lut hi han ngaihtuah teh. He mi hriat loh hi antigen kan tih mai mai hi a ni . Hengte hi kan taksa tana chhiatna thlen thei thil a ni tlangpui. Heng hmelma antigen an tih te hi chi hrang hrangin an lo awm thei a.
- Virus (e.g. dengue, HIV, coronavirus) te hi a ni.
- Bacteria (e.g., typhoid, TB thlentu bacteria) .
- Parasites te hi a awm
- Allergy thlentu thil (e.g. leivut, pollen, ei tur thenkhat) .
- Cancer cell chunglama protein awmte
Heng hmelma te hian anmahni "identity card" danglam bik an nei vek a ni. Chu identity card chu antigen kan tih chu a ni.
Antibody tih hi eng nge ni?
Tunah chuan kan taksaah antigen a luh chuan kan taksa chu a thu mai mai lo. Kan taksaah sipai chak tak kan nei a. Kan ti mai thinImmune system a ni. He sipai chhunga sipai bikte hi antibodies kan ti a .
Heng antibodies te specialty chu kan taksa hian rukru chi khat (Antigen) bei turin sipai bik (Antibody) a siam a ni. Lock pakhata fit tur key pakhat chauh a awm ang bawkin.
Dengue virus taksaah a luh chuan taksain antibody a siam a, chu chuan dengue virus chauh a bei a ni. HIV virus a luh chuan antibody chi dang a siam a, chu chuan a bei mai mai a ni. Heng antibodies te hian chu hmelma (antigen) chu an kal a, an inzawm khawm a, sipai cell dangte hnenah an pe chhuak a, chu chu an tichhia a ni.
Chuvangin, ELISA test hi kan taksaah natna engemaw kan neih leh neih loh hriat nan heng "sipai" (Antibodies) leh "hmêlma" (Antigens) te inzawmna hi lab-a hman dan a ni.
Chuti a nih chuan ELISA test hian eng nge a zawn?
ELISA hian thil tam tak a hmuchhuak thei a ni. Thil chi hrang hrang tih nan device pakhat hman ang mai a ni. I doctor chuan i symptoms a zirin ELISA test-a i en tur chu a rel ang.
Hemi chungchang hi a hnuaia table atang hian ngaihdan tha tak i hmu thei ang.
| Eng nge test a nih? | Entirna leh Hrilhfiahna |
|---|---|
| Infection awm thei te | Kan taksain virus, bacteria emaw fungal infection laka a siam antibodies emaw, germ ngei (antigens) thenkhat emaw a zawng thin. Entirnan: HIV, dengue, hepatitis A, B, C (Hepatitis), Lyme natna, syphilis . |
| Autoimmune Natna te | A châng chuan kan immune system chu a kal lo va, kan cell hrisel tak takte chu a bei ṭan ṭhin. Chungte chu autoantibodies an ti a. Entirnan type 1 diabetes hi a ni . |
| Hormone Level awm zat | Taksa chhunga hormone chi hrang hrang awm zat tehna atan hman a ni. Entirnan: HCG (naupai), FSH (nau neih theihna), Testosterone . |
| Tumor Markers te pawh a awm | Cancer chi thenkhat chu thisena protein bik awmkhawm hmangin hriat theih a ni. Entirnan: PSA (Prostate-specific antigen) hmanga prostate cancer test. |
| Allergy nei te pawh a awm | Kan taksa hian leivut emaw, ei tur emaw ang chi thilte hi a allergy a nei em tih chu a kaihhnawih antibodies level tehna hmangin kan hre thei a ni. |
| Ruihhlo Screening neih a ni | A bul berah chuan taksaa ruihhlo, amphetamines emaw cocaine emaw awm leh awm loh hriat nan hman a ni. |
Lab-ah engtin nge ELISA test hi i tih thin?
Hei hi a hnathawh dan hi technical deuh a ni. Mahse entirnan awlsam takin ka hrilhfiah ang che. I doctor chuan dengue i vei nia a rinhlelh a, ELISA test ti turin thisen sample a la che ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. Lab chhunga thil thleng chu hetiang hi a ni.
1. Hmelma buatsaih: A hmasa berin lab chhunga technician chuan plastic plate bik a la a, chutah chuan dengue virus antigens a stick a. Tunah chuan kan "hmêlma" chu a inpeih tawh.
2. I thisen lakkhawm: A dawtah i thisen sample chu he plate-ah hian dah a ni. Dengue laka antibody i neih chuan plate-a dengue virus particle-ah a innghat ang. Magnet ang maiin. Dengue antibody a awm loh chuan engmah a stick lovang.
3. Silfai: Chumi hnuah he plate hi uluk takin silfai a ni. Thil thleng chu virus nena inzawm lo thil tul lo zawng zawng chu a silfai vek a ni. Attached antibodies chauh a la awm.
4. "Recognizer" antibody dah belh: Tunah chuan a pawimawh ber a lo thleng ta. Hei hi antibody chi dang, lab-a siam bik chu dah belh a ni. He antibody hian enzyme a nei a. Hei hi a hminga "Enzyme-Linked" tih hi a ni. He antibody pahnihna hian a hmaa plate-a i antibody lo awm tawhte chauh a stick ang.
5. A rilru a hah lutuk.Color reaction: A tawpah chuan chutah chuan chemical substance dah belh a ni a, chu chuan enzyme nen a inrem a, rawng a siam chhuak a ni . Tunah chuan i taksaah dengue antibodies i nei a, he thil zawng zawng hi a lo thleng tawh a nih chuan chu thil rawng chu a danglam ang. A rawng a inthlak chuan a result chu positive a ni . A rawng siam chhuah loh chuan i taksaah dengue antibodies i nei lo tihna a ni. Tichuan a result chu negative a ni .
He rawng chakna hi taksaa antibody awm zat hi a tlangpuiin teh theih a ni.
ELISA test result hi engtin nge kan hrilhfiah ang?
A tlangpuiin ELISA test hian result chi thum a pe thei a ni.
- Positive result: Hei hian test-in a zawn (e.g. antibody emaw antigen emaw) chu i sample-ah a awm tihna a ni.
- Negative result: Hei hian test-in a zawn chu i sample-ah a awm lo tihna a ni.
- Invalid result: Hei hian test neih chhungin thil a kal sual tihna a ni. Sample lak laiin tihsual emaw, lab-a thil thleng emaw pawh a ni thei. Chutiang a nih chuan test hi tih nawn leh a ngai dawn a ni.
A pawimawh ber chu heng result te hian eng nge a awmzia leh a hnua i tih tur dik tak chu i doctor chauhvin a hrilhfiah thei che a ni. Chuvangin Internet-a thu hriatte enin mahni inhriatchhuah tum suh.
A result a dik lo a nih chuan ka lungngai tur em ni?
Ni miah lo. I result a pangngai lo, positive tihna a nih vang mai mai chuan natna hi i nei ngei ang tihna a ni lo. Hei hi ELISA test-ah hian chak lohna tlem a awm vang a ni. Chu chu a chang chuan result dik lo hmuh theih a nih theihna chu a ni.
Chungte chu chi hnih a ni a:
- False-Positive Results: Hei hi test-in natna i nei tih a report hun a ni a, a takah chuan i nei lo nachungin. He result dik lo hi damdawi lam thil dang vang emaw, thil dang vang emaw pawh a ni thei.
- False-Negative Results: Hei hi natna i nei tak tak chung pawhin test chu "na lo" a rawn let leh hun a ni. Entirnan, natna hrik kai tirh lamah taksain antibody a la siam chhuah tlem laiin test hi tih a nih chuan hetiang hi a thleng thei a ni.
Hemi avang hian doctor-te chuan ELISA hi screening test atan an hmang fo thin . Chu chu natna vei thei leh nei lote thliar hran tumna a ni. Results a positive a nih chuan doctor chuan test bik dang (Western Blot ang chi) a order ang a, chu chu a nemnghet ang .
Chuvangin, result pangngai lo i hmuh chuan hlauthawng suh. Puzzle lian zawk pakhat chauh a ni. I doctor chuan thutlukna hnuhnung ber a siam hmain i symptoms, medical history leh test dangte chu a ngaihtuah hmasa ang. Chuvangin, zawhna i neih chuan zawt hreh suh.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- ELISA hi natna a ni lova, lab-a testing method tih a ni.
- He system hian kan taksaa "hmêlma" (Antigens) leh "sipai" (Antibodies) inzawmnaah hna a thawk a ni.
- He method hi thil tam tak hriatchhuah nan hman a ni a, chu chu natna hrik, hormone level, allergy, cancer marker te hi a ni.
- ELISA test result a positive vang mai mai chuan definitive diagnosis a ni lo. A tam zawkah chuan test hmasa ber chauh a ni.
- I test result chungchanga zawhna emaw, ngaihtuahna emaw i neih chuan i doctor chu a tha ber leh mi awmchhun a ni .
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