Doctor ten, "GCS score hi eng nge ni?" accident hnua damdawi ina hruai a nih chuan? A nih loh leh mi pakhatin a hriatna a hloh chuan, "GCS a hniam" an ti em? He GCS hi eng nge a nih a, eng nge a teh tih pawh i ngaihtuah mai thei. Hei hi a pawimawh takzet a ni. Chuvangin vawiinah hian awlsam takin, i hriatthiam theih dan tur angin i sawi dawn nia.
GCS hian eng nge a awmzia mai?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) hi mi pakhat hriatna level tehna leh tehna scoring system a ni. Exam-a grade pek ang bawkin, doctor-te chu mi pakhat chu engtiang chiahin nge a harh tih te, a chhehvêl thilte a hriat chianzia te, leh thupêk awlsam tak takte a chhân lêt ṭhat dân te a zir chiang thei a ni.
Hetiang hmanrua hi kum 1974 khan Scotland rama University of Glasgow-a specialist pawl pakhatin an siam hmasa ber a ni. Chuvang chuan a hming a pu ta a ni. "Coma" tih thumal hi a hmingah awm mah se, tunlai hian khawvela pawm dan ber a lo ni ta a, coma-ah chauh ni lovin, hriatna tihchhiat theihna tur dinhmun eng pawhah hman a ni ta a ni.
Damdawi lamah ‘Consciousness’ chu eng nge ni?
Thil pawimawh pathum kan tawn hian ‘conscious’ kan ti thin. Doctor-in i hriatna a teh hian heng thil pathumte hi an ngaihtuah ber a ni.
| Thupui ber chu | Hrilhfiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Harh reng (Awake) . | Hei hi mut atanga harh mai mai ang a ni lo. Miin a biak che chuan i harh thei a, i taksa i fawp pawhin i harh thei bawk. Chutiang coma-a awm chu i kaitho thei lo. |
| Inring | I chhehvela thil thleng leh tute nge thusawi tih ang chi thil hriatthiam theihna. |
| Hmun-hun-mihring hriatthiamna (Oriented) . | I awmna leh hun hriatna, tu nge i nih, khawiah nge i awm, eng ni nge ni, eng hun nge tih te. |
Engtikah nge GCS hi hman a nih?
Doctor ten neurological exam an tihnaah hian GCS hi a pawimawh hle. A bik takin mi pakhatin a hriatna a hloh theihna hmunah hman a ni.
- Lu hliam: GCS hi concussion ang chi hliam tenau atanga thluak hliam na tak thlenga tehna atan hman a ni. Mi pakhat accident hnua ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) -a hruai a nih hian doctor-te’n an en ber pakhat chu GCS score hi a ni.
- Damdawi lam thil dang: Accident awm lo pawhin hriatna hloh theihna a awm bawk. Entir nan:
- Thisen thlum hniam tak (hypoglycemia) .
- Seizure a neih hnuah
- Poisoning a awm
Pawimawh: Miin rulhut a ei emaw, a ei palh emaw a nih chuan damdawi lam thurawn lak nghal tur a ni. Colombo National Hospital-a National Poisons Information Center-ah thurawn rang tak dil turin i call thei ang.
GCS scoring-a area lian 3 te chu engte nge ni?
Doctor chuan damloin a chhanna a zirin GCS score a pe a, chu chu thil pawimawh pathum a ni. GCS score zawng zawng hi heng area pathumte hi dahkhawmin chhut a ni.
1. Eye Response (E): Hei hian mi chu a harh leh fimkhur dan a tehna ber a ni.
2. Verbal Response (V): Hei hian thluak hnathawh dan te, mi pakhatin a ngaihtuah theihna te, a hriatrengna te, a chhehvel khawvel a hriatna te a test thin.
3. Motor Response (M): Hei hian thluak hian taksa ruh a thunun theih dan te, thupek a zawm theih dan te, nervous system a thawk tha em tih te a test thin.
Tunah chuan heng section tinte hi engtin nge score tur tih kan en ang.
| Chhanna | Check dan leh characteristic dan | Tilut |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Mit Chhanna (E) . | ||
| Amah ngeiin a awm | Engmah ti lovin damlo chuan a pianphungah an mit a meng reng thin. | 4. 4. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a |
| Biak a nih chuan | An hming an lam emaw, thil an hriat emaw chuan an mit an meng thin. | 3. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a |
| Natna/pressure atan | Kut zungtang pakhat chu a hmin (pressure) chuan mit a lo inhawng a. | 2. 2. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a |
| Chhanna a awm lo. | I mit a meng thei lo. | 1. 1. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a |
| 2. Thu hmanga Chhanna (V) . | ||
| Hriatthiamna nen | Tu nge an nih, khawiah nge an awm, an ni eng ang nge tih zawhna an zawh chuan dik takin an chhang thin. | 5. A rilru a hah lutuk |
| Buaithlak takin | An inbia a, mahse khawiah nge an awm tih leh eng thil nge thleng tih erawh an hre chiang lo. Buaina neiin an inbia a. | 4. 4. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a |
| Thu dik lo tak tak | An sawi a, mahse zawhna zawh tur nena inzawm lo tak tak thu awmze nei lo an sawi thung. | 3. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a |
| Hriatthiam theih loh thawm | Thu an sawi chhuak lo va, awmze nei lo tak tak, ṭawngṭai ang maia ri an siam mai a ni. | 2. 2. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a |
| Chhanna a awm lo. | Engmah ri a siam lo. | 1. 1. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a |
| 3. Motor Chhanna (M) 1.1. | ||
| Thupek zawm a ni | "I kut phar rawh" leh "i lei chhuah rawh" tih ang chi thupek awlsam tak takte chu a zawm chiang hle. | 6. 6. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a |
| Natna lam ngaihtuah | Taksa peng pakhat press a nih chuan chu mi chuan a natna hmun chu khawih emaw, paih emaw a tum thin. | 5. A rilru a hah lutuk |
| Natna tihbo | Natna hmun khawih tum ai chuan a natna atanga inhlat an tum zawk thin. | 4. 4. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a |
| Thilsiam lo bending | Natna chhanna atan chuan ke ruhte chu a pianphung lo takin rilru lam hawiin a inbeng kang thin. | 3. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a |
| Thilsiam danglam tak a stretching | Natna chhanna atan chuan ke ruhte chu a pianphung lo takin a dinglam a, a inzawm khawm bawk. | 2. 2. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a |
| Chhanna a awm lo. | Taksa chetna a awm lo. | 1. 1. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a |
GCS-P tih dan thar chu eng nge ni?
Tun hnaiah GCS system hi tihchangtlun belh a ni a, feature thar GCS-P tih chu dah belh a ni bawk. Hetah hian ‘P’ tih hi ‘Pupil’ tihna a ni a, chu chu mit mitmeng (pupil of the eye) tihna a ni. Pupil-in êng a dawn dan hian thluak hnathawh dan a sawi tam thei hle. Chuvangin hei pawh hi GCS score nen hian kan thlir dun a ni.
- Score 0: Mit pahnih a ring dum te hian êng an chhang let thin.
- Score 1: Mit pakhat chauhin a chhang.
- Score 2: Mit pahnih ah chhanna a awm lo.
He score hi GCS score hmasa atanga lakchhuah a ni . Chu chu GCS score 3 a nih a, mit pahniha chhanna a awm loh chuan (score 2) GCS-P score chu 1 (3 - 2 = 1) a ni tihna a ni. Chumi awmzia chu damlo chu coma thuk takah a awm tihna a ni.
Chhinchhiahnate hian eng nge a sawi?
GCS score zawng zawng zatve hian damlo dinhmun hi a rough idea a pe thei a ni.
- A score sang ber chu 15. (E4 + V5 + M6 = 15). Chumi awmzia chu damlo chu a fimkhur hle a, a tawng tha a, a chhehvel a hre chiang hle tihna a ni.
- Score hniam ber chu 3. (E1 + V1 + M1 = 3). Hei hian damlo chu deep coma-ah a awm tihna a ni a, a chhang let thei lo tihna a ni.
A tlangpuiin GCS score 8 aia tlem lo chu coma anga ngaih a ni. Score a hniam poh leh a dinhmun a na zawk.
Lu hliamah chuan GCS score a zirin hliam nasat dan hi thliar hran a ni.
- Score 13-15: Thluak hliam na lo tak - concussion ang mai.
- Score 9-12: TBI hniam lam.
- Score 3-8: TBI na tak a ni.
Ka fa GCS score chungchangah eng nge ka hriat tur?
I chhungte emaw, i thian emaw damdawi ina awm a, doctor ten GCS score chungchang an sawi a nih chuan hlauthawng suh la, heng thilte hi hre reng ang che.
- Hei hi score mai a ni lo. GCS score hian damlo dinhmun hi rough idea pe mahse, a hnung lamah hian information tam tak a awm a ni. Chuvangin, score ngaihthlak mai ai chuan i doctor nen inbia la , damlo dinhmun kimchang takin i hmu thei ang.
- GCS hi hman theih reng a ni lo. A then phei chuan GCS score dik taka teh theih a ni lo. Entîr nân, mi pakhat chu thawk tûra ṭanpui tûra ventilator-a inzawm a nih chuan, thusawi chhânna chu teh theih a ni lo. Tin, mit a hliam tawh a nih chuan mit chhanna pawh hmuh theih a ni lo.
- GCS chauh hi prognosis hrilhfiahna hmanraw hman a ni lo. Doctor-te chuan damlo pakhat prognosis sawi lawk nan GCS score hmang mah se, chu chu anmahni chauhin an en lo. Test dang, CT scan te, damlo hriselna zawng zawng te pawh an ngaihtuah bawk.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) hi khawvel pum huapa pawm tawh, mi pakhat hriatna tehna a ni.
- Hei hian mit, thusawi leh taksa chetna hmangin chhanna a test thin.
- Score hi 3 (deep coma) atanga 15 (full consciousness) thleng a ni. Score 8 aia tlem lo chu na tak anga ngaih a ni.
- GCS score an enfiah fo hian doctor-te chuan damlo dinhmun a ṭhat lehzual em tih an hrethiam thei a ni.
- I hmangaih tak GCS score i hriat chuan number chauh ngaihtuah suh. I doctor nen inbia fo la, thil awmdan kimchang chu chiang takin hrethiam rawh.
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