Kan taksa venhimna sipai chakna thuruk: Helper T cells chungchang zawng zawng

Kan taksa chhungah hian indona lian tak a thleng tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? Ni e, a takah chuan second tin kan taksa chhungah hian indona lian tak a thleng thin. Kan defence army ngei pawh hian pawn lam atanga lo chhuak hrik, bacteria leh virus ang chi hmelma te hi kan do reng a ni. He defense army hi Immune System kan ti a . Chuvangin, he sipaiah hian intelligence officer pawl bik tak an awm a ni. Hmelma hriat hmasak bertu leh sipai dangte hnenah eng ang beihna nge tih tur tih thupek pe thintu an ni. Chu intelligence officer te chu "Helper T cells" kan tih hi an ni. Vawiin hian heng mi huaisen te tak te, mahse pawimawh tak tak te hi kan sawi dawn a ni.

A awlsam zawngin, heng helper T cells te hi engte nge ni?

Helper T cells hi kan immune system-a cell chi khat pawimawh tak a ni. A dik tak chuan thisen var chi khat an ni. An hna ber chu taksaa natna hrik awm chu hriatchhuah a, chu chu do turin immune cell dangte activate a ni. Operation zawng zawng enkawltu commander te ang an ni.

Heng T cells te hi kan rilru chunglam, hnute ruh hnung lama gland te tak te pakhatah siam leh training an ni. Thymus an ti a . He thymus hi sipai zirtirna hmun training school ang a ni. He training school hian T cell chi hrang hrang a siam chhuak a, anmahni theihna bik nei vek an ni.

Chu pawlte chu eng nge an nih i en ang u:

Immune system-ah hian eng nge an chanvo?

Kan immune system hian hmun hnih a nei a. Pakhat chu innate immunity a ni a, chu chu kan pianpui a ni. A dang chu adaptive immunity a ni a, chu chu kan damloh leh vaccine kan lak rualin kan nei thin. He adaptive immunity hi a fing hle. Hmelma lo kal tawh chu a hre reng thei a, chu hmelma chu a lo kal leh chuan rang takin a tichhia thei a ni.

Chuvangin, he adaptive immune system fing tak thluak hi kan protagonist, helper T cells te hi an ni. Anni tel lo chuan he hna hi a theih loh ang. Battalion pahnih an activate ber a:

1. B cells: Hengte hi kan taksa ralthuam siamna hmun a ni. Helper T cell atanga order an dawn hian B cell te hian protein chi khat bik an siam thin. Chungte chu antibodies an ti a . Heng antibodies te hi missile ang mai an ni a, target lam pan nghal mai an ni. Hriselna atana hman tur hrik zawng zawng tana tha tur antibody bik an siam thin. Chu antibodies te chu kal in hrik te chu an inzawm khawm a, an inactivate ta a ni.

2. Cytotoxic T cells: Hengte hi chakna bik an ni . Helper T cell atanga thupek an dawn chuan indona hmunah an kal nghal a ni. Kan taksa ngeia virus ang chi hrik kai tawh cell te chu an zawng a, chu cell te chu an tichhia a ni. Tichuan virus hi a darh thei tawh lo.

Helper T cells hi subtype hrang hrang a awm em?

Ni e, a awm. Hmelma chi hrang hrang a zirin heng helper T cell te hian special training dang an nei leh a, subgroup pahnih ah an inthen a ni. Chungte chu TH1 leh TH2 te an ni.

• TH1 helper cells: Heng cells te hian kan cell chhunga inthup bacteria leh virus ang chi invader te chu a bik takin an do thin. Message an thawn a , cell chi dang macrophage an tih chu an activate bawk . Macrophages hi taksa bawlhhlawh khawlkhawmtu an ni .Duh. An kal a, hrik leh cell thi chi hrang hrangte chu an ei zo vek a, indona hmun chu an tifai ta a ni. Tin, TH1 cells, a hmaa kan sawi tawh special forces, cytotoxic T cells te pawh an activate bawk.

• TH2 helper cells: Heng cell te hian hmelma lian zawk, cell pawn lama parasite leh allergy thlentu thil te chu an ngaihtuah ber a ni. B cells activate tu leh allergy nena inzawm antibody siamtu an ni. Leivut i neih chuan, i thawk hah a, chaw i ei chuan i luak chhuak a, i khuh... Heng TH2 cells te hi hetiang thil hnung lamah hian an awm a ni. Taksa chhunga thil tha lo lut tawhte chu a rang thei ang bera paih chhuah an tum thin.

Engtin nge heng cell te hian hna an thawh? Mechanism mak tak a va ni em!

Hei hi thawnthu ngaihnawm tak angin a ri. Helper T cell hi a activate mai mai lo. Signal bik a dawng a ngai a ni.

Kan taksaah hian bacteria a lut ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. Kan immune system hian taksa enkawltu cell a nei a. He cell hian bacterium chu a man a, a chung lamah a hmun te tak te a pholang a ni. Police ten rukru an man a, a thlalak an phochhuah ang mai a ni. Chutiang tilangtu molecule chu MHC class II molecule an ti a .

Tunah chuan kan helper T cell chu a rawn lut a, hei hi a check ta a ni. Helper T cell chung lamah hian receptor bik a awm a, chu chu CD4 receptor an ti a ni. He CD4 receptor hi key ang mai a ni a, MHC class II molecule an tih lock chhungah hian a in fit dik a ngai a ni.

Key chu lock-ah a fit veleh helper T cell chu "activated" a ni ta a ni. Chu chu a hrethiam tihna a ni, "Okay, tunah chuan taksaah hmêlma a awm tawh a, sumdawnna ka thawh a ngai a ni."

Tichuan, he activated helper T cell hian chemical messenger cytokines an tih chu a chhuah chhuak ta a ni. Heng cytokines te hian an kal a, immune cell dang (B cell, cytotoxic T cell, macrophage ang chi) te chu lo kal turin an hrilh a, "Lo kal thuai rawh u, hetah hian insual a awm!" Immune system pumpui hi heng cytokine message te hian a inzawm khawm a ni.

Kan taksaah hian khawiah nge heng helper T cells te hi an awm?

T cells hi kan ruh chhunga ruhro (bone marrow) ah a lo piang a. Mahse, chutah chuan naute ang mai an ni. A hmaa kan sawi tawh thymus gland an tih training school-ah chuan training an pe a, sipai tha takah an siam a ni. He training school-ah hian "hei hi kan cell ngei a ni a, hei hi pawn lam atanga hmêlma a ni" tih thliar hran dan zirtir an ni. Hei hi a pawimawh hle. Chutiang a nih loh chuan keimahni cell ngei pawh an rawn bei thei a ni.

Training an neih zawh chuan heng sipai thiam tak takte hi taksa pum puiah an dah vek a, a bik takin hmêlma luh tamna hmunah an dah vek a ni. Chutiang chuan helper T cells hmuhna hmun tam ber chu:

• Lymph nodes - sipai hmunpui ang chi.
• Spleen tih hi a ni
• Tonsils - Hriselna atana hrik lutte hmachhawn hmasak ber.
• Lungs - thawkna hmanga lut natna hrik te hnenah.
• Intestine - ei tur nena lut hrik te hnenah.
• Bone marrow a ni

Eng natna nge helper T cells te hi a nghawng?

Chutiang hna pawimawh tak thawktu helper T cells hnathawh a chhiat chuan kan immune system zawng zawng chu a tlakbuak thei a ni. Hei hi natna thenkhatah chuan a thleng thin.

• HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus): HIV chungchang hi i hre tawh mai thei. He virus hian kan helper T cells te chu direct in a bei thin. Chu chu kan sipai hotute a tichhia tihna a ni. Sipai hotute an awm tawh loh chuan sipai hotu tur an awm tawh lo. Chumi avang chuan immune system chu a chak lo vek a, a tlangpuiin min tichhe vak lo hrik te pawhin natna khirh tak tak an thlen tan thin. AIDS hi a tawp ber a ni.
• Autoimmune diseases: A châng chuan, kan immune system a kal sual a, kan cell hrisel tak takte chu hmêlma anga ngaihin a rawn bei ṭan ṭhin. Chutiang natnaah chuan T cells hnathawh danah harsatna engemaw zat a awm bawk.
• Cancers: Cancer chi thenkhat, acute lymphocytic leukemia leh adult Hodgkin lymphoma te hian heng immune cells te hi direct in a nghawng a ni.
• Genetic diseases hmuh tur awm lo: Job syndrome leh Thymic aplasia (thymus gland pianpui failure) ang chiah hian T cell hnathawh a tichhe bawk.

Heng zingah hian rinhlelhna i neih chuan doctor hnenah thurawn dil nghal a pawimawh hle.

Immune system hrisel taka awm reng turin eng nge kan tih theih ang?

Kan security force te chak taka vawn reng hi keimahni mawhphurhna a ni. Hrilhfiahna lian tham a ngai lo. Nunphung tihdanglam awlsam tak tak a mamawh chauh a ni.

• Ei leh in tha: Kan sipaite hi ei leh in mamawh kan pek a ngai a ni. Diet inthlau tak ei la, chutah chuan thei thar, thlai thar, greens, lean proteins (nga, egg, leh bean ang chi), leh thau tha tak tak te pawh a tel . Sugary drinks, artificial foods, leh fatty foods te hi a theih ang anga tihtlem thin ang che.
• Mut tam: Mut hi kan taksain a insiamthat hun leh kan immune cells recharge hun a ni. Zan khatah darkar 7-8 tal mut tha, tihtawp loh neih a pawimawh hle .
• Exercise: Nitin thawmhnaw tihchhiat thlenga exercise hian taksa pum puiah immune cells te a kal tir thei a ni. Ni khatah minute 30 tal kea kal, tlan, cycle khalh tum ang che.
• Stress tihtlem: Stress lutuk hian kan immune system a tichak lo. Meditation, yoga, music ngaihthlak, emaw, i hobby nuam tih ang chi thil tih hmangin i rilru ti hahdam rawh.
• Meizial leh zu in loh tur:Heng pahnih hi kan immune system hmelma an ni. Meizial i zu a nih chuan bansan rawh. A theih ang anga zu in khap tlat ang che.
• Faina: Sahbawn hmanga kut sil fo hian pawn lam atanga natna hrik taksa chhunga lut tur venna kawngah kawng thui tak a zawh thei a ni.