I kal (kidney) a fail em? Hemodialysis chungchang hi han sawi ila

I kal (kidney) te hi kan taksaah hian super filter pahnih ang mai a ni. Kidney hna ber chu thisen atanga bawlhhlawh, rimchhia leh tui tam lutuk filter chhuah hi a ni. Mahse damdawi lam thil engemaw avanga heng kal (kidney) te hian hna a thawk tha lo a nih chuan bawlhhlawh taksaah a pungkhawm thei a, harsatna lian tak a thlen thei a ni. Hei hi nunna chhanhim thei damdawi hemodialysis tih hian min puitu a ni.

A awlsam zawngin, hemodialysis chu eng nge ni?

Hemodialysis hi dialysis hmanga enkawlna chi khat a ni. I kal (kidney)-in a hna a thawh theih loh chuan machine hmangin i thisen a tifai zawk thin. A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, artificial kidney ang maiin hna a thawk a ni.

Hetiang tih danah hian machine pakhatin i taksa atanga thisen engemaw zat a la a, chu chu special filter (artificial kidney) hmangin a tifai a, chu chu thisen thianghlim chu i taksaah a rawn thawn let leh thin. Hei hian nitrogenous waste products (urea), taksa ruh atanga bawlhhlawh (creatinine), thisena acid awm khawm te ang chi thilte a paih chhuak thin.

Engtin nge he machine hian thisen a tihthianghlim?

Ngaihtuah teh, hei hi technology mak tak a ni. Hemodialysis machine hmanna ber chu dialyzer a ni . Hei hi "artificial kidney" kan tih pawh a ni.

I thisen chu he dialyzer chhunga mesh ang chi tube tha tak tak sang tam tak kal tlangin a kal a. Tichuan, bawlhhlawh leh thisen chhunga tui tam lutuk chu heng mesh te tak te hmang hian a sir hranah a luang chhuak thin. Heng bawlhhlawh te hi khawlkhawm nan hian tui bik dialysate an tih chu hman a ni. He tuiah hian tui, chi leh electrolyte te a awm a.

I thisen, bawlhhlawh atanga paih chhuah tawh chu tube hmangin i taksaah a rawn kir leh thin. Bawlhhlawh khawlkhawm tawh dialysate fluid chu machine hmangin a paih chhuak thin.

Hemodialysis hmanga enkawlna chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

Hemodialysis hmanga enkawlna tih dan tlangpui pahnih a awm. Eng method nge i tan a tha ber tih i doctor nen in sawiho thei ang.

Home hemodialysis chi hrang hrang a awm em?

Ni e, in lama enkawlna chi thum a awm a.

1. Conventional home hemodialysis: Kar khatah vawi thum, vawi khatah darkar 3-4 vel.

2. Nitin in lama hemodialysis tawi: Technology thar hmangin enkawl hun rei lo zawk a awm thei. Kar khatah ni 5-7 vel tih thin a ni a, session khatah darkar hnih vel a ni.

3. Nocturnal home hemodialysis: Hei hi zanah i mut laiin tih thin a ni. Enkawlna hi darkar 6-8 chhung vawi khatah tih thin a ni a, kar khatah ni 4-6 vel a ni. Hetiang hmang hian thisen chu hun rei zawk tihfai theih a ni a, chuvangin bawlhhlawh tam zawk taksa atanga paih chhuah a ni.

Engtin nge enkawl hmain i inbuatsaih thin?

Hemodialysis i tan hmain inbuatsaihna engemaw zat i tih a ngai a, kar engemaw zat emaw, thla engemaw zat emaw hmain. A bulpui ber chu awlsam tak leh rang taka thisen lakchhuah dan tur zawng a, enkawl lai hian taksaa dah leh theih dan tur zawn hi a ni. Hei hian operation tenau tak a huam a ni.

• Arteriovenous fistula (AV fistula): Hetiang tih danah hian surgeon chuan i kut chhunga artery leh vein pakhat a thlunzawm a. Hei hi hmanraw tha ber leh rei tak daih tur a ni.
• Arteriovenous graft (AV graft): I artery leh vein chu a tawi lutuk a, a inzawm khawm theih loh chuan surgeon chuan tube nem, hollow tube (graft) hmangin a inzawm tir ang.

Enkawlna chu hmanhmawh taka tan a ngai a nih chuan, a châng chuan kawr, rilru emaw, kekawrte emawa vein lian takah hian soft tube catheter an tih chu rei lo te chhung dah theih a ni.

I fistula/graft venhim nan hengte hi hre reng ang che:

• Fistula awmna kut sir lamah i rit zawng dahin mu suh.
• Chu kutah chuan thawmhnaw emaw, jewelry (ring, darthlalang) emaw ha suh.
• Chu kut chungah chuan bag strap bun suh.
• I thisen sang (BP) enfiah ngai suh, fistula nei kut atanga thisen lak ngai suh.

Ei leh in lamah a bik takin i fimkhur a ngai em?

Absolute takin a ni. I ei tur hian hemodialysis enkawlna hlawhtlinna a nghawng nghal vek a ni. Chaw thenkhat chuan thisenah bawlhhlawh a tipung thei a, tui a tikhawlo thei a, BP a tisang thei a, heart rate a tisang thei bawk.

Enkawlna i tan hmain renal dietitian chuan i tana tha tur diet plan a siam ang. A tlangpuiin a hnuaia thil awmte hi i tihtlem a ngai ang:

Enkawlna hian eng side effect leh complication nge a neih?

Damdawi dang ang bawkin hemodialysis hmang hian side effect leh complication engemaw zat a awm thei. Mahse hei hi ngaihtuah buai a ngai lo, i medical team chuan hei hi an lo enkawl reng dawn che a ni.

Side effect awm thei tlangpui:

• Thisen sang hniam (Hypotension) .
• Nausea leh luak chhuak
• Luak chhuak leh muhil (Syncope) .
• Chhung emaw hnungzang emaw a na
• Lu na
• A hring (Pruritus) 1.1.
• Muscle a ti na hle
• Restless legs syndrome (ke chhunga chawlh hahdam loh hriatna) .

Fistula/graft avanga harsatna awm thei te:

• Infection (a sen, a hring, a na, a khawsik) .
• Thisen a chhuak thin
• Scar tissue avanga blockage a awm

Hetiang thil i hmuh chuan damdawi lam thurawn i la nghal tur a ni.

Hemodialysis hmang hian eng chen nge i dam theih ang?

Hei hi mi tam tak tan chuan harsatna a ni. Hemodialysis hmanga enkawl mi pakhat dam rei zawng chu kum 5-10 vel a ni. Mahse, hei hi mi hrang hrangah a inang lo. Kum 20-30 aia rei lo dam, ei leh in tha, damdawi lam thurawn, leh nunphung tha tak tak nei an awm. Chuvangin, chak taka awm reng a, a enkawl dan tur dik taka chhunzawm zel hi a pawimawh ber a ni.