I taksa hian insulin a dawng tha lo em ni? (Insulin Resistance) A chungchang hi i zir mai ang u!

Vawiin hian mi tam takin an sawi thin thumal kan sawi dawn a, a hlauhawm deuh bawk. Chu chu ‘Insulin Resistance’ a ni. I doctor-in a hrilh che emaw, khawi emaw laiah i chhiar tawh emaw pawh a ni thei. Eng nge ni tak tak? Engvangin nge a pawimawh em em? Heng zawng zawng hi awlsam takin i hrethiam ang u.

Chuti a nih chuan, ‘Insulin Resistance’ chu eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, insulin resistance chu i taksa chhunga cell-te, a bik takin i taksa ruh, thau cell leh thin-a awmte’n hormone insulin an dawn that loh vang a ni. Hei hi impaired insulin sensitivity an ti bawk.

Ngaihtuah teh, insulin hi kan taksa peng pawimawh tak a ni. Kan taksaah traffic controller ang mai a ni. Glucose, a nih loh leh kan thisen atanga kan ei sugar chu kan cell-a thawn chhuakin chakna siam turin min puitu a ni. Tunah chuan, he insulin hi cell-te’n an ngaithla dik loh chuan eng nge thleng? Thisen chhunga sugar awm chu cell chhungah a lut thei lo va, thisenah a pung khawm thin.

Chuti a nih chuan eng nge thleng? Pancreas hi engtin nge a awm?

Chutah chuan buaina chu a intan ta a ni. Kan pancreas – kan taksa insulin factory – chuan, "Aw, thisen sugar a sang lutuk a, cell chhungah a lut lo," tiin a hrechhuak ta a ni. Chuti a nih chuan pancreas hian eng nge a tih? Sugar level sang control nan insulin tam zawk a siam tan thin. Kawngkhar hawn theih loh laia nawr hawn ang mai a ni. Hei hi hyperinsulinemia kan ti a.

Hun engemaw chen chu hetiang hian pancreas hian insulin a siam tam thei a, thisen sugar level a control thei a nih chuan harsatna lian tham a awm lo. Mahse, zawi zawiin, cell-te chu insulin laka an do theih loh chhoh zel chuan, pancreas hian insulin chu engzat pawh siam chhuak mah se, a tawk lo. Chu chu thisen sugar level a sang reng tan lai a ni. Hei hi ‘hyperglycemia’ kan ti a.

He ‘insulin resistance’ hi a hlauhawm em? A rah chhuah theihte chu engte nge ni?

Ni e, hei hi i vawng reng chuan a hlauhawm deuh thei. A chhan chu, heng thisen sugar level sang tak takte hi rei tak a awm chuan ‘prediabetes’ i nei thei a ni. Chu chu zunthlum vei tur i ni tihna a ni. Tin, chutah chuan, Type 2 diabetes i vei theihna a sang zawk hle bawk.

Chu mai ni lovin, he natna hi hriselna lama harsatna dang engemaw zat nen a inzawm a ni:

• Obesity , a bik takin pum chhunga thau tam lutuk.
• Cardiovascular disease , chu chu thinlung natna leh thisen kalna kawng lama harsatna tihna a ni.
• Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease , tun hma chuan non-alcoholic fatty liver disease tia hriat thin a ni.
• Metabolic natna (Metabolic syndrome) a ni.Hei hi natna pakhat chauh a ni lo va, symptom hrang hrang inzawmkhawm a ni. Entirnan, thisen sang, thisen sugar sang, pum thau tam, leh cholesterol inthlauhna ang chi thil te.
• A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a. Hei hi hmeichhiaah hormonal imbalance a ni.

Tute nge ‘insulin resistance’ nei tam zawk?

Tu chungah pawh a thleng thei tak tak. Zunthlum i neih a ngai lo. A châng chuan rei lo tê chauh a ni thei bawk. Entirnan, natna avanga steroid i ei chuan insulin resistance i nei thei a ni. Chronic pawh a ni thei a, chu chu hun rei tak chhunga awm thei a ni tihna a ni.

Hei hi nghawng nei thei tura ngaih thil pawimawh pahnih a awm a, chungte chu:

1. Taksa thau tam lutuk , a bik takin i pum chhehvel.

2. Taksa tihchak loh , chu chu exercise lak loh tihna a ni.

Tin, i chhungkuaa mi tu emaw chuan zunthlum (a bik takin type 2 diabetes), prediabetes, emaw polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) ang chi natna a neih chuan insulin resistance i nei tam zawk thei bawk.

Insulin resistance hi prediabetes leh type 2 diabetes vei te zingah a awm fo thin. Type 1 diabetes vei te pawhin a chang chuan insulin resistance an nei thei bawk.

Hei hi eng symptoms nge ni? Engtin nge kan hriat?

Hetah hian buaina chu a awm. A tam zawkah chuan i pancreas hian insulin tam zawk a siam thei a, i thisen sugar level a control thei a nih chuan symptoms i nei lo mai thei. I hre lo pawh a ni thei.

Mahse, hun kal zelah he dinhmun hi a zual zel thei a ni. Pancreas chhunga insulin siamtu cell te pawh zawi zawiin an chak lo tan bawk. A tawpah chuan pancreas hian insulin a siam chhuak thei lo. Chutah chuan thisen sugar level a sang chho tan a, symptoms a lo lang tan ta a ni.

I thisen sugar level a san reng chuan hetiang hian symptoms i nei thei a:

• Chhan awm lovin taksa rihna tihtlem
• Chau tih hriat reng reng
• A hma aia tuihal zawka inhria
• Zun chhuah fo thin
• A hma aia riltam zawka inhria
• Mit hmuh a fiah lo
• Yeast infection awm fo (a bik takin vagina-ah leh a chang chuan hmeichhiaah vun fold-ah) .

Prediabetes vei tam tak chuan symptom an nei lo a, a chang chuan kum tam tak chhung pawh an nei lo. Prediabetes hian type 2 diabetes a nih hma chuan symptom a nei lo thei. Mahse, prediabetes vei thenkhat chuan symptoms an nei thei a, chungte chu:

• I kutphah, i kawr hnunglam, leh i taksa sir lam a thim . Hei hi acanthosis nigricans an ti a . Bawlhhlawh ang maiin a lang a, mahse bawlhhlawh a ni lo.
• Skin lumps te te .
• Mit a inthlak danglamna . Chungte chuan zunthlum vanga mit chhiatna (diabetes-related retinopathy) a thlen thei a ni.

Pawimawh: Heng symptoms pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i neih chuan doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni. A pawimawh hle mai.

Engvangin nge ‘insulin resistance’ kan neih? A chhante chu engte nge ni?

Scientist-te chuan hetiang thil hi engtin nge a awm tih chiang takin an la chhui mek a ni. Tunah hian gene thenkhat chuan mi pakhat chu insulin resistance a neih theihna tur a siam thei tih hriat a ni. Doctor-te pawhin taksa rihna a san chuan he natna hi a zual zel tih an hria a, taksa rihna tihtlem hian eng emaw chen chu a thunun thei tih an hria bawk.

Chumi piah lamah chuan chhan dang engemaw zat a awm bawk.

A chhan (acquired causes) a awm

Hengte hi kan pianpui chhan ni lovin, dam chhunga lo chhuak chhante a ni.

• Taksa thau tam lutuk: Scientist te chuan thau lutuk hi insulin resistance thlentu ber niin an ngai. Abdominal area leh internal organs chhehvela thau awm (visceral fat) hian nasa takin a tipung a ni.
• Taksa tihchak loh: Exercise i tih hian i taksa chu insulin lakah a sensitive zawk thin. Exercise hian i taksa ruhte hian i thisen atanga glucose a lakluh theih nan a pui bawk a, hei hian he natna hi a thlen thei a ni.
• Diet: Processed foods tam tak ei te, carbohydrates tamna ei te, saturated fats tamna ei te hi insulin resistance nen a inzawm tih hmuhchhuah a ni.
• Damdawi \henkhat: Damdawi \henkhat, steroid, thisen sang damdawi \henkhat, HIV enkawlna atana hman \hin damdawi te hian insulin resistance a thlen thei bawk.

Insulin resistance thlentu hormone disorder te

Hormone lama harsatna thenkhat chuan taksain insulin a hman dan a nghawng thei bawk.

• Cushing’s syndrome: Hei hi natna awm lo tak a ni. Taksaah cortisol tih hormone a tam lutuk chuan a thleng thin. Cortisol tam lutuk hian insulin hnathawh a tibuai a ni.
• Acromegaly: Hei pawh hi a awm lo hle a, mahse a na hle. Taksaah growth hormone (GH) a tam lutuk chuan a lo awm thin. Hei hian insulin resistance a thlen thei bawk.
• Hypothyroidism: Hei hian i thyroid gland a thawk tha lo tihna a ni a, chu chu thyroid hormone a siam chhuak tlem tihna a ni. Hei hian i metabolism a ti slow a, chu chuan insulin resistance a thlen thei bawk.

Genetic conditions avanga insulin resistance awm thei

Genetic natna thenkhat chu rochun a awm a, insulin resistance a thlen thei bawk. Hengte hi a tlem hle. Entirnan, Type A insulin resistance syndrome leh Donohue syndrome tih te hi a ni.

Tin, genetic condition dang engemaw zat pawh:

• Myotonic dystrophy: Hei hi taksa ruh chak lohna chi khat a ni a, endocrine system ruh, mit leh taksa peng hrang hrangte a nghawng a ni.
• Alström syndrome: He natna hian thau lutuk leh type 2 diabetes a thlen thin. Tin, mit leh hriatna hloh, dilated cardiomyopathy, leh thawk hah lohna a thlen thei bawk.
• Werner syndrome: Hei hian tar chakna (progeria) a thlen thin. Taksaah thil tam tak a nghawng a, insulin resistance pawh a nghawng tel bawk.
• Inherited lipodystrophy: Hetiang dinhmunah hian i taksain thau a hmang tha lo va, a khawl tha lo bawk.

Engtin nge doctor-te hian hei hi an hriat chian?

Insulin resistance hi chiang taka hriat a harsa deuh a, a chhan chu a chiang, universal test a awm loh avangin. Sawi tawh ang khan i pancreas hian insulin a siam chhuak thei a, chu chuan i natna chu a control thei a nih chuan symptoms i nei lovang.

Mahse, i doctor-in he natna hi a rinhlelh hunah chuan thil engemaw zat an ngaihtuah ang:

• I medical history (natna hmasa leh damdawi i ei tawh ang chi) .
• I chhungkaw hriselna chanchin (i chhungkuaah hian zunthlum emaw thinlung natna emaw nei an awm em?)
• Taksa enfiahna
• I sawi lan symptoms te hi

Hemi atan hian eng test nge tih a nih?

Doctor chuan thisen test eng emaw zat a ti thei a, chungte chu:

• Glucose test: Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) emaw, regular blood sugar test emaw hian prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes i neih leh neih loh hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni.
• A1c test: Hei hian thla thum kalta chhunga i thisen sugar level chu eng ang nge a nih tih a hriattir thei che a ni.
• Lipid panel: Hei hian i thisena thau chi hrang hrang (cholesterol leh triglycerides ang chi) a teh thin.

Chuti a nih chuan, engtin nge hei hi i enkawl? (Tihdamna)

Insulin resistance thlentu zawng zawng hi enkawl theih vek a ni lo va, genetics leh kum lam te hi enkawl theih a ni lo. Chuvangin, a enkawlna ber chu nunphung tihdanglam hi a ni.

Heng nunphung inthlak danglamna te hi:

• Ei leh in tha tak ei rawh: I doctor chuan carbohydrates leh thau hrisel lo ei tlem turin a hrilh mai thei che. Hei hian sugar, sa sen, leh processed starchy foods te tihtlem tihna a ni. Chu ai chuan, thlai, thei, legumes, leh whole grains ei tam zawk turin an hrilh mai thei che a ni. Protein atan chuan sangha leh vawk hi duhthlan tur tha tak a ni.
• Taksa tihchak: Nitin exercise tlemte tih hian nasa takin a pui a ni.Hei hian thisen a glucose awm chu chakna atan a hmang nasa hle a, chubakah taksa ruh chhunga insulin sensitivity a tipung bawk.
• Thau lutuk tihtlem: A then phei chuan taksa rihna tihtlem hian insulin resistance a tidanglam thei a ni. I doctor chuan i taksa rihna tihtlem dan tur a sawipui thei che a ni.

Hun kal zelah heng nunphung inthlak danglamna hian heng ang result hi a thlen thei a ni:

• Insulin resistance a tlahniam
• Thisen sugar level a tlahniam
• Thisen sang hniam
• Triglyceride leh LDL (bad cholesterol) level a tlahniam
• HDL (cholesterol tha) level a sang

I doctor chuan specialist, nutritionist emaw endocrinologist emaw hnenah pawh a refer thei che a ni. I tana tha tur enkawlna tur ruahmanna siam turin an thawk ho ang che.

Hemi atan hian damdawi bik a awm em?

Tunah hian insulin resistance enkawlna bik a la awm lo. Mahse, i doctor chuan hriselna lama harsatna dang i neih theih nan damdawi a pe thei che a ni. Entirna thenkhat chu:

• Thisen sang tan damdawi
• Diabetes emaw prediabetes emaw tan Metformin ang chi damdawi
• LDL cholesterol tihhniam nan statin ang chi damdawi te

Insulin resistance hi tihdanglam theih a ni em? (A let leh theihna) .

Hei hi thil tam tak a awm avangin a chhan zawng zawng hi tihdanglam theih a ni lo. Mahse, nunphung inthlak danglamna hian danglamna nasa tak a thlen thei a ni. Ei leh in tha tak ei te, exercise neih fo te, leh taksa rihna tam lutuk tihtlem te hian insulin resistance a tihziaawm thei a ni. Hei hi a tha ber tura i tih theih dan tur chu i doctor nen sawiho rawh.

Engtin nge ei leh in hian insulin resistance a nghawng?

I ei leh in te hian i thisen sugar leh insulin level ah nghawng lian tak a nei a. Glycemic Index (GI) hi i ei leh in hian i thisen sugar level a tihsan chak dan tehna a ni.

GI sang ei tur hian carbohydrates leh/ emaw sugar a pai tam tlangpui. I ei hian i thisen sugar level a sang nghal vat a, a tlahniam leh theih nan insulin tam tak i mamawh a ni. Chuvangin, sugary drinks (soda, soft drinks, artificial fruit drinks) leh ei tur chi hrang hrang ei tam loh tur a ni:

• Chhang (chhang var) .
• Alu
• Chawhmeh atan cereal chi hrang hrang
• Cake leh biscuit ang chi chaw thlum tak tak
• Thei thenkhat watermelon leh dates (hengte hi sugar a tam) ang chi te .

GI hniam ei tur i ei hian i thisen sugar level a sang zawi zawi zawk. Hei hian i pancreas hian insulin siam chhuah nan a thawhrim a ngai lo tihna a ni. A tlangpuiin insulin resistance nei tan chuan GI hniam ei tur ei hi a tha zawk a, chungte chu:

• Legumes te chu bean, chickpeas, leh lentils te an ni
• Apple leh berry ang chi thei chi hrang hrang
• Starch tlem nei thlai - entirnan: asparagus, cauliflower, green leafy thlai
• Nuts a ni
• Dairy foods, sangha, sa

Hriat reng tur: I ei leh in lama inthlak danglamna lian tham i siam hmain i doctor nen inbia fo ang che. I tana tih tur tha ber tur chungchangah thurawn a pe thei che a ni.

Insulin resistance lo awm theihna tur risk factors te chu engte nge ni? (Risk Factor hrang hrang) 1.1.

Genetic leh lifestyle risk factor thenkhat hian insulin resistance emaw prediabetes emaw i vei theihna a tipung thei a ni. Heng risk factors te hi:

• Overweight or obesity , a bik takin pum chhehvela thau tam lutuk.
• Kum 45 aia upa.
• Chhungkaw member hnai tak (nu leh pa, unau) zunthlum vei neih.
• Taksa tihchak lohna.
• Thisen sang leh cholesterol sang ang chi hriselna lama harsatna nei.
• Naupai laiin zunthlum vei (gestational diabetes).
• Lung natna emaw stroke emaw nei tawh.
• Sleep disorders , entirnan, mut theih lohna.
• Meizial zuk.

Tin, heng hnam zinga mi i nih chuan a hlauhawmna chu a sang deuh thei bawk:

• Dum
• Hispanic/Latino tawng a ni
• Asian mi a ni
• Middle East lam atanga lo chhuak a ni

Risk factor thenkhat, chhungkaw history leh kum te hi kan thlak danglam thei lo. Mahse, i taksa rihna hrisel tak, i duh ang anga i neih theih nan leh exercise i tih fo avangin he natna hi i vei theihna tur tihtlem i tum thei a ni.

Insulin resistance nei tan chuan eng nge a hmalam hun?

Hetiang natna hi i neih chuan i doctor hnenah eng nge i beisei theih ang tih leh engtin nge a tha ber ang tih zawt rawh.

I thlirna chu thil engemaw zatah a innghat a ni:

• Insulin resistance awm chhan
• Insulin resistance a nasat dan
• Engtiang chiahin nge nang leh i doctor hian he natna hi in enkawl thiam em?

Mi thenkhat chuan insulin resistance na lo tak an nei thei a, chu chu prediabetes emaw type 2 diabetes emaw ah a kal ngai lo thei. Insulin resistance an nei thei bawk a, chu chu tihdanglam theih emaw, nunphung thlak danglam emaw hmanga enkawl theih a ni.

Insulin resistance vang hian eng harsatna nge thleng thei?

He natna hi uluk taka enkawl a nih loh chuan harsatna a awm thei a ni. Harsatna awm thei te chu:

• Type 2 zunthlum vei a ni
• Metabolic natna (Metabolic syndrome) a ni
• Lung natna

Insulin resistance nei zawng zawng hian harsatna an nei vek dawn lo. Hetiang natna hi i vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan heng harsatnate hi ven tum a pawimawh hle. Doctor hmu fo la, i enkawl dan tur chu uluk takin zawm rawh.

Insulin resistance chungchangah engtikah nge doctor ka hmuh ang?

Hetiang natna hi i nei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan doctor pan fo a pawimawh hle. I thisen sugar level chu hrisel level-ah a awm em tih leh i enkawlna a thawk tha em tih a enfiah thei bawk.

Thisen sugar sang emaw prediabetes emaw symptom i neih chuan doctor pan nghal tur a ni. I thisen sugar level enfiah nan test awlsam tak tak a ti thei bawk.

I chhungkuaa mi tu emaw chuan zunthlum emaw insulin resistance emaw a neih chuan i doctor nen he natna hi i vei theihna tur chungchang sawipui rawh.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

Hetiang natna hi i vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan i doctor hnenah heng zawhnate hi zawh a \angkai thei ang:

• Ka insulin resistance chhan chu eng nge ni?
• Prediabetes emaw type 2 diabetes emaw ka vei theihna tur risk engzat nge ni?
• Damdawi ka ei theih tur a awm em?
• Hetiang dinhmun hi specialist ka hmuh tur em ni?

A tawp berah chuan kan hriat reng tur thil (Take-Home Message) .

Chuvangin, insulin resistance hi a buaithlak deuh tih kan hmu a, kan hriselna pawh kawng tam takah a nghawng thei a ni. Vawi tam tak chu prediabetes emaw type 2 diabetes emaw a nih hma chuan symptoms a lantir lo.

Chuvangin, i tih theih tha ber chu he natna hi ven tum la, a lo awm a nih chuan a tlem berah chuan tihdanglam tum hi a ni. To do this , i taksa rihna hrisel tak nei la, exercise la fo la, ei tur tha tak tak ei rawh.

Mahse, a châng chuan he natna thlentu zawng zawng hi ven emaw, enkawl emaw theih a ni lo. I risk chungchangah emaw, he natna chungchangah emaw zawhna i neih chuan i doctor nen inbia ngei ang che. I tanpui turin an awm reng a ni.

` Insulin resistance, zunthlum, prediabetes, thisen thlum, pancreas, thau lutuk, ei leh in hrisel, exercise, hormone