Zunthlum i nei em? A nih loh leh i hriat mi pakhatin zunthlum a vei em? Tichuan zunthlum damdawi ei tur te hi i hriat chian a ngai tak zet a ni. Vawiin hian heng damdawi te hi eng nge an nih, engtin nge an thawh tih, leh side effect an neih leh neih loh te kan sawi dawn a ni . Heng damdawi te hi type 2 diabetes vei leh diabetes (prediabetes) vei hnaih tawhte tan pek a ni ber a, chu chu insulin engemaw zat la siam chhuak thei te tan a ni Type 2 diabetes control tha ber tur chuan heng thilte hi a pawimawh hle a ni:

Nunphung leh ei leh in a inthlak danglam
Insawizawi
Damdawi chi hrang hrang

Nang leh i doctor chuan i tana enkawlna tur ruahmanna tha ber tur chu i rel dun ang. Dietitian pawh i pan a ngai mai thei bawk. A tul angin i enkawlnaah inthlak danglamna siam turin doctor i pan fo a ngai dawn a ni. A châng chuan, i doctor chuan i thisen glucose control ṭha ber tûrin damdawi ei tûr pakhat aia tam a pe thei bawk. Damdawi ei thenkhat chu insulin injection nen pawh ei theih a ni. Gestational diabetes vei te pawhin an thisen sugar level hi ei leh in leh exercise hmanga control a nih loh chuan oral medications, metformin ang chi an ei a ngai thei bawk.

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Engtin nge heng zunthlum damdawi te hian hna an thawh tak tak?

A awlsam zawngin, heng damdawi zawng zawngte hian an tum ber chu i thisen sugar, a nih loh leh thisen glucose,'' chu hrisel level-a tihhniam hi a ni. Hei hian i A1c'' value control nan a pui bawk. Insulin resistance hi type 2 diabetes (leh gestational diabetes) thlentu lian tak a ni.Insulin resistance an tih dinhmun a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, i taksa chhunga cell (i thau, thau, leh thin cell) te hian hormone insulin hi an chhang tha lo hle. Insulin hi i pancreas siam thil a ni. Kan eitur atanga sugar glucose awm chu chaknaah a chantir thin. Hei hi kan dam khawchhuahna atana thil pawimawh tak a ni. Chuvangin, insulin resistance i neih hian i pancreas hian i thisen sugar level control turin insulin tam zawk a siam chhuak a ngai a ni. Mahse, i pancreas-in insulin a siam tlem chuan i thisen sugar level a sang chho zel a ni. Hei hi thisen sugar level sang hyperglycemia kan tih chu a ni. Hetianga a kal zel chuan hriselna lama harsatna chi hrang hrang a thlen thei a ni. Insulin resistance hi a buaithlak deuh. Zunthlum damdawi hian thisen thlum tihhniam nan kawng hrang hrangin hna a thawk a. Damdawi thenkhat chuan i pancreas chu insulin tam zawk siam turin a pui thin. Damdawi bakah hian exercise hi a pianphungah insulin resistance tihtlem nan a pawimawh hle .

Zunthlum damdawi ei tur te chu engte nge ni?

Zunthlum control na tur damdawi chi hrang hrang a awm a, kawng hrang hrangin hna an thawk bawk. Eng nge an nih hi han thlir ila:

Ruihhlo chi hrang hrang	A hnathawh dan	Entirnan
Alpha-glucosidase tihkhawtlai a ni	Intestines-a carbohydrates leh sugar awmte a inthen darh dan a control.	Acarbose tih te, Miglitol tih te a ni
Biguanides a ni	Liver atanga glucose siam chhuah a ti tlem a, insulin sensitivity a ti sang bawk.	Metformin tih a ni
Bile acid hmanga thil siam chhuah	Cholesterol a tihhniam rualin thisen sugar level a tihniam bawk.	Colesevelam tih a ni
Dopamine-2 agonists te hi a awm a	Insulin resistance tihtlem nan thluak a nghawng.	Bromocriptine tih a ni
DPP-4 inhibitor (Gliptins) te hi a tha hle.	GLP-1 hormone hian thisen sugar chu a active reng avangin a control reng a ni.	Alogliptin, Linagliptin, Saxagliptin, Sitagliptin te pawh a awm bawk
Meglitinides (Glinides) te hi a awm a.	Pancreas a tichak a, insulin a chhuah tir bawk.	Nateglinide, Repaglinide tih te hi a ni
SGLT2 inhibitor te hi an ni	Extra glucose hi zun atanga chhuak a ni.	Canagliflozin'', Dapagliflozin'', Empagliflozin'' tih te hi a ni.
Sulfonylurea te pawh a awm	Pancreas a tichak a, insulin tam zawk a chhuah tir bawk.	Glimepiride'', Glipizide'', Glyburide'' tih te hi a awm lo.
Thiazolidinediones (TZD) te hi a awm a.	Tissue te chu insulin lakah a sensitive zawk thin.	Rosiglitazone'', Pioglitazone'' tih te hi a awm a.

Diabetes damdawi ei hian eng side effect nge a neih?

Damdawi zawng zawng ang bawkin zunthlum damdawi hian side effect a nei thei a ni. Damdawi tin hian harsatna hrang hrang a thlen thei. Side effect awm tam ber chu chaw kawng lama harsatna (diarrhea, constipation, bloating) te hi a ni. A pawimawh ber chu i doctor hnenah side effect awm apiang hrilh hi a ni.

Hypoglycemia a awm theihna

Zunthlum damdawi thenkhat, a bik takin Meglitinides leh Sulfonylureas tih te hian i thisen sugar level a ti tlahniam nghal (hypoglycemia). Hei hi i thisen sugar 70 mg/dL aia hniam a nih chuan a ni. Hei hi dinhmun pawi tak a ni.

Hypoglycemia chhinchhiahna: nghing, thawk hah, luak chhuak, riltam lutuk, rilru hahdam lo, leh thinlung thawk chak. Heng symptoms te hi a lo awm chuan sugar emaw carbohydrates emaw awmna thil ei nghal tur a ni.

I doctor nena sawiho tur thil

Naupai : Naupai emaw, nau pai tum emaw i nih chuan i damdawi ei tur chungchang doctor nen sawiho a pawimawh hle. Damdawi ei tam zawk, Metformin tih loh chu naupai laiin hman a tha lo .
Damdawi dang: I doctor hnenah damdawi dang zawng zawng, vitamin , leh supplement i ei zawng zawngte hrilh rawh.
Side effects: I doctor hnenah side effect i neih apiang hrilh rawh.

Thil hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) 1.1.

Type 2 diabetes tan damdawi “tha ber” a awm lo. Mi zawng zawng hi kan danglam vek a, enkawl dan pawh a inang lo. Damdawi pakhat aia tam i ei a ngai mai thei a, damdawi engemaw zat i hman dun a ngai mai thei a, pill bakah insulin i ei a ngai mai thei bawk. Hriat tur pawimawh ber chu ei leh in leh exercise hi i zunthlum enkawlna atana thil pawimawh ber pahnih a ni . I zunthlum enkawl dan tur zawhna i neih chuan i doctor nen inbia ang che. I tanpui turin an awm reng a ni. I damdawi ei dik a, nunphung thlak danglam a, doctor nena inzawmna nei reng chuan nun hrisel i hmang thei a ni.